Testosterone ndi hormone ya androgen yomwe imapangidwa ndi adrenal cortex, ma testes (mwa amuna), ndi mazira (mwa akazi). Kawirikawiri imakhala ngati homoni yaikulu yamwamuna. Testosterone imalimbikitsa chitukuko cha maonekedwe a amuna achiwerewere (monga tsitsi la mthupi ndi minofu kukula) ndipo ndilofunika popanga umuna. Kwa amayi, testosterone imathandiza kwambiri pa chitukuko cha dzira komanso chiwombankhanga.
Ngakhale kuti testosterone ndi yofunika kwa abambo ndi amai, imakhala ndi udindo waukulu kwambiri kwa amuna.
Amuna otha msinkhu omwe adutsa msinkhu ali ndi maulendo 20 a testosterone poyerekeza ndi amayi abwino.
Kusiyanitsa kwa Testosterone kungayambitse kusabereka kwa amuna ndi akazi. Mawerengero otsika a testosterone mwa amuna amachititsa kuti munthu asatengeke. Maseŵera a testosterone apamwamba mwa amayi amathandizidwa ndi kusabereka kwa amayi.
Mafunde a Testosterone akhoza kuyesedwa ndi ntchito ya magazi. Izi kaŵirikaŵiri zimakhala mbali ya kuperewera kwa abambo ndi abambo.
Tanthauzo la Mitundu
Testosterone ndi hormone yokhala ndi steroid yowonjezera yomwe machitidwe a mankhwala ndi C19-H28-O2. Testosterone imadziwika kuti 17-beta-hydroxy-4-androstene-3-one.
Tanthauzo la Hormonal Supplementation
Testosterone yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza machitidwe okhudzana ndi hypogonadism mwa amuna, khansa ya m'mawere mwa akazi, ndi kuchedwa msinkhu mwa anyamata.
Kutumizira, angagwiritsidwe ntchito pochita zizindikiro za nthawi, kutopa, ndi kugonana kochepa.
Amapezeka ngati gel osakaniza, kapangidwe kake, kapeni, jekeseni, mapepala (kuti apangidwe), kapena kapule yamlomo.
Mayina a dzina la Androderm, AndroGel, AndroGel Pump, Aven, Axiron, Depo-Testosterone, Testosterone Woyamba, Testosterone Woyamba, Fortesta, Natesto, Striant, Testim, Testopel, Vogelxo, ndi Vogelxo Pump.
Chenjezo : Musayesere kuwonjezera testosterone! Pali ma intaneti omwe amagulitsa "testosterone zowonjezereka," ndipo zambiri ndi zabodza komanso zoopsa. Ngakhale kuti testosterone yowonjezera ndi yeniyeni, sizowononga ndipo ikhoza kuvulaza kapena kuyambitsa kusabereka kwa amuna ndi akazi.
Testosterone yochuluka ingayambitse kusabereka kwa amuna.
Mipata ya Amuna ndi Akazi
Ngati mukukhala ndi ma test testosterone anu, mayeso a magazi adzakonzedweratu m'mawa.
Pali mitundu iwiri ya testosterone yomwe imapezeka m'magazi anu:
- Testosterone yaulere (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti T free) ndi testosterone yomwe siyiyendetsedwa ndi china chirichonse.
- Umbombo wa testosterone umapanga kuchuluka kwamtundu wanu wa testosterone. Pafupifupi 98 peresenti ya testosterone m'magazi anu imangokhala limodzi mwa mapuloteni awiri: albumin kapena mahomoni ogonana omwe amamanga globulin (SHBG.)
Mukakhala ndi mayeso anu a testosterone, dokotala wanu adzayang'ana ma level testosterone anu omasuka ndi ma testosterone anu onse.
Masamba anu a testosterone onse ndi testosterone yaulere ndi yomangidwa.
Mawerengero onse a testosterone amasiyana tsiku lonse. Iwo ali okwera kwambiri mmawa ndi otsika mpaka madzulo.
Mipingo yovomerezeka ya testosterone pang'onopang'ono imadalira labu ndi kumasulira kwa dokotala.
Ndizoti, izi ndizofunika kwambiri.
Kwa mwamuna wamwamuna 19 kapena kuposa:
- Chiwerengero cha Testosterone chiyenera kukhala pakati pa 240-950 ng / dL
- Testosterone yaulere iyenera kukhala pakati pa 9-30 ng / dL
Kwa zaka zapakati pa 19 kapena kuposa:
- Chiwerengero cha Testosterone chiyenera kukhala pakati 8-60 ng / dL
- Testosterone yaulere iyenera kukhala pakati pa 0.3-1.9 ng / dL
Zimene Zimakhudza Amuna ndi Akazi
Kukula kwa umuna : Testosterone ndi ofunikira kupanga umuna mu mayesero. Ndiyeso yosasinthasintha, komabe. Matenda awiri omwe ndi ochepa kwambiri komanso ochepa kwambiri angayambitse kuchepa kwa umuna.
Kuphatikizidwa ndi zomwe zimadziwika kuti "zachilendo zazimuna": Izi zimaphatikizapo kukula kwa tsitsi ndi nkhope, kuwonjezeka kwa mawu, kumanga minofu, kukula kwa mafupa, ndi kufalitsa mafuta m'thupi.
Anyamata ndi atsikana achichepere ali ndi testosterone yofanana. Ndipakati pa kutha msinkhu anyamata amayamba kupanga ma tepi apamwamba a testosterone, omwe amatsogolera ku chitukuko cha makhalidwe a amuna achiwerewere.
Azimayi okhala ndi testosterone yapamwamba kwambiri akhoza kukhala ndi vuto ndi tsitsi la nkhope ndi kuwonetsera kwa amuna.
Maseŵera a testosterone apamwamba amathandizidwanso ndi acne amuna ndi akazi.
Zingakhale zofunikira pa chitukuko cha mazira m'mimba mwake . Momwe testosterone imakhudzira chitukuko cha dzira kwa amayi sizomwe zikuwonekera bwino. Nthano yamakono ndiyo testosterone yomwe imateteza "kufa" msanga kwa dzira kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko cha follicular.
Testosterone m'mimba mwake amatha kupangitsanso kuti follicles ikhale yovuta kwambiri kwa hormone FSH. FSH-yomwe imayimira mahomoni opatsa mphamvu-imathandizira okhuta okhwima kukula mu dzira lotsekemera.
Kugonana pogonana ndi libido : Kugwirizana pakati pa testosterone ndi kugonana kumadziwika bwino. Matenda apamwamba a testosterone amachititsa kuti chilakolako chogonana chikule kwambiri.
Kumanga minofu : Amuna amatha kukhala ndi minofu kuposa akazi chifukwa cha ma testosterone awo apamwamba.
Kulekerera kwachisoni: Testosterone ingathandize abambo ndi amai kuthetsa mavuto omwe amamva.
Kuphunzira ndi kukumbukira, makamaka nzeru zakuthupi: Thandizo la Testosterone mu kuphunzira ndi kukumbukira. Zimagwirizanitsidwa makamaka ndi nzeru zamkati.
Amuna omwe ali ndi masewera otsika a testosterone ali pachiopsezo cholephera kuphunzira.
Chisamaliro Chisamaliro : Kumvetsa chisoni kumaphatikizapo kuŵerenga maganizo a munthu wina kudzera m'maganizo awo ndi nkhope zawo, makamaka kusintha ndi maso.
Maseŵera a testosterone apamwamba akugwirizanitsa ndi kuchepa kwa luso lowerenga anthu. Azimayi amatha kufotokozera amuna poyesera chifundo. Nthanoyi ndi yakuti ma testosterone a m'munsi ndi chifukwa chake amayi ali bwino pa luso limeneli.
Zotsatira:
Camacho EM1, Huhtaniemi IT, O'Neill TW, Finn JD, Pye SR, Lee DM, Tajar A, Bartfai G, Boonen S, Casanueva FF, Forti G, Giwercman A, Han TS, Kula K, Keevil B, Lean ME, Pendleton N, Punab M, Vanderschueren D, Wu FC; EMAS Group. "Kusinthika kwa zaka zakale mu hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular ntchito pakati pa zaka zapakati ndi akulu akumasinthidwa ndi kulemera kwa thupi ndi zochitika za moyo: zotsatira zakutali kuchokera ku European Male Age Aging Study. "Eur J Endocrinol. 2013 Feb 20; 168 (3): 445-55. lembani: 10.1530 / EJE-12-0890. Sindikizani 2013 Mar.
Kolettis PN1, Purcell ML2, Parker W3, Poston T2, Nangia AK3. "Testosterone yachipatala: chifukwa cha iatrogenic cha kusabereka kwa amuna komanso vuto lalikulu." Urology. 2015 May; 85 (5): 1068-72. lembani: 10.1016 / j.urology.2014.12.052. Epub 2015 Mar. 25. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25819620
Samplaski MK1, Loai Y1, Wong K1, Lo KC2, Grober ED1, Jarvi KA3. "Testosterone imagwiritsira ntchito anthu osaperewera kwa amuna amodzi: kuika zochitika ndi zotsatira pa magawo ndi magawo ena. "Fertil Steril. 2014 Jan; 101 (1): 64-9. lembani: 10.1016 / j.fertnstert.2013.09.003. Epub 2013 Oct 2.
Spritzer MD1, Daviau ED, Coneeny MK, Engelman SM, Prince WT, Rodriguez-Wisdom KN. "Zotsatira za testosterone pamaphunziro apakati ndi kumakumbukira akuluakulu amphongo. "Horm Behav. 2011 Apr; 59 (4): 484-96. lembani: 10.1016 / j.yhbeh.2011.01.009. Epub 2011 Feb 2.
Surampudi P1, Swerdloff RS, Wang C. "Chidziwitso cha mankhwala a hypogonadism." Akatswiri Opin Pharmacother. 2014 Jun; 15 (9): 1247-64. lembani: 10.1517 / 14656566.2014.913022. Epub 2014 Apr 23. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4168024/
Testosterone: Chidziwitso cha mankhwala. Lexicomp, Inc. UptoDate.com.
ID yoyesa: TGRP; Testosterone, Total ndi Free, Seramu. MayoClinic Medical Laboratories.
van Honk J1, Schutter DJ, Bos PA, Kruijt AW, Lentjes EG, Baron-Cohen S. "Testosterone kayendetsedwe kazimayi kumapangitsa kuti akazi asamvetsetse chifundo chifukwa cha chiwerengero cha chiwerengero cha magawo awiri mpaka asanu. "Proc Natl Acad Sci US A. 2011 Feb 22; 108 (8): 3448-52. lembani: 10.1073 / pnas.1011891108. Epub 2011 Feb 7.
Wu FC1, Tajar A, Pye SR, Silman AJ, Finn JD, O'Neill TW, Bartfai G, Casanueva F, Forti G, Giwercman A, Huhtaniemi IT, Kula K, Punab M, Boonen S, Vanderschueren D; European Male Aging Gulu Lophunzira. "Kusiyana kwa hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular kwa akuluakulu ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi zaka komanso zovuta kusintha: European Male Aging Study. "J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008 Jul; 93 (7): 2737-45. lembani: 10.1210 / jc.2007-1972. Epub 2008 Feb 12.