Asayansi tsopano akupeza kuti maselo amathandizira kunenepa kwambiri. Mmodzi mwa jini, wotchedwa FTO, wakhala akudziwika kuti ali ndi mgwirizano weniyeni ndi kunenepa kwambiri.
Kunenepa kwambiri Mphunzitsi
Akatswiri ofufuza tsopano atulukira kuti jini la FTO lingakhale lofunika kwambiri payekha kuti ndi anthu ati amene amadwala kwambiri.
Mwachitsanzo, asayansi atulukira kuti fini ya FTO ingakhale ndi chizoloŵezi chodyera kudya ndi kukula kwa kunenepa kwambiri kwa achinyamata .
Ndipo pofufuza odwala pafupifupi 1,000 ku South Africa, asayansi anapeza zizindikiro zinayi za mafuko (chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zinaphatikizapo mafupa a FTO) omwe ankagwirizana ndi BMI apamwamba ali ndi zaka 13.
Kufufuza kwina kuyang'ana zotsatira za FTO mu ana a ku China opitirira 3,000 anapeza kuti zotsatira za FTO pa apamwamba a BMI zinayambitsanso kuika chiopsezo chachikulu cha kuthamanga kwa magazi (kuthamanga kwa magazi), komwe kumadziwika kuti kunayambitsidwa ndi kunenepa kwambiri.
Fini ya FTO ikuwoneka kuti ikukhudzidwa ndi zotsatira za kudya, kudya, ndi chiwerengero cha thupi (BMI). Malingana ndi zotsatira zaposachedwapa zafukufuku, ofufuza tsopano akukhulupirira kuti pangakhale ubale pakati pa FTO, kudya mowa, ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Ena afika pomutcha FTO kuti "mastermind" pankhani ya chibadwa cha kunenepa kwambiri ndi kutsimikiza za tsogolo la BMI.
Momwe FTO imachitira "Kutembenuka" Kutaya Kwambiri
Zina za mitundu yosiyanasiyana (kuganiza kuti izi "zosiyana" za jini lomwe likhoza kulandira) la FTO gene zapezeka kuti sizigwirizana ndi kunenepa kwambiri koma ndi khansara komanso -ndimodzinso mitundu yambiri ya khansara kunenepa kwambiri-kumayanjananso , nayenso.
Mu makoswe, ofufuza awona kuti mavuto ena mu ntchito ya enzyme yogwirizanitsidwa ndi FTO akhoza kutseka kapena kuchotsa kusinthasintha kwa majini ena omwe amachititsa kuti thupi liziyenda bwino. Izi, zowonjezera, zingayambitse kusunga mafuta molakwika, kapena kukhala ndi "kuchepa kwa thupi." Izi zikhoza kuchititsanso mtundu wa shuga wa mtundu wa 2, womwe ndi matenda ena okhudzana ndi kunenepa kwambiri.
Ofufuza apeza kuti kugwiritsira ntchito zigawo zina za FTO gene kungasinthe kulemera kwa thupi ndi kagayidwe kake m'magulu, kuphatikizapo momwe mafuta amasungidwira-ngakhale osasintha kuntchito kapena chilakolako cha thupi.
Mankhwala Othandiza Kuti Asamakhale Ochepa Kwambiri
Ngakhale kuti palibe mankhwala enieni omwe alipo pakalipano kuti athetse kunenepa kwambiri, asayansi akukhulupirira kuti zamoyo zoterezi monga FTO "master gene" zidzatsogolere zovuta zamtsogolo. Zisanayambe zimenezi, pali zambiri zomwe zimaphunziranso za chibadwa choposa kunenepa.
Zotsatira:
Claussnitzer M, Dankel SN, Kim KH, Quon G, et al. FTO kunenepa kwambiri kozungulira ndi madipocyte akuwombera anthu. N Engl J Med 2015 Aug 19. [Epub patsogolo pa kusindikiza]
Liu C, Mou S, Pan C. Fini ya FTO rs9939609 polymorphism imaneneratu za chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima: kuwonetsetsa mwachidwi ndi kusanthula meta. PLoS One 2013; 8: e71901.
Lombard Z, Kawirikawiri NJ, van der Merwe L, et al. Zilakolako za majeremusi zimagwirizanitsa ndi chiwerengero cha mthupi mwa achinyamata achinyamata aku South Africa. BMJ Open 2012; 2 (3).
Micali N, Field AE, Chuma cha JL, Evans DM. Kodi majeremusi omwe ali ndi vuto la kunenepa kwambiri amagwirizana ndi kudya mowa mwauchidakwa? Kulemera Kwambiri (Silver Spring) 2015; 23: 1729-36.
Smemo S, Tena JJ, Kim KH, Gamazon ER, et al. Zosiyanasiyana zokhudzana ndi kunenepa kwambiri m'kati mwa FTO mawonekedwe othawirana ndi IRX3. Chilengedwe 2014; 507: 371-5.
Xi B, Zhao X, Shen Y, ndi al. Mgwirizanowu wokhudzidwa ndi kunenepa kwambiri ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri kwa ana a Chitchaina. Int J Obes (Lond) 2013; 37: 926-30.
Zhao X, Yang Y, Sun BF, Zhao YL, Yang YG. FTO ndi kunenepa kwambiri: njira zogwirizana. Curr Diab Rep 2014; 14: 486.