Katemera akhoza kuteteza molakwika ma MS, kuphatikizapo matenda akuluakulu
Chifukwa cha mavuto omwe amapezekapo kuti katemera wina angayambitse matenda ambiri odwala matendawa, anthu ambiri mwachibadwa amakhala ndi maganizo okhudzana ndi kupeza katemera.
Chowonadi ndi chakuti kafukufuku wa sayansi samasonyeza kugwirizana pakati pa kukhala ndi katemera ndi katemera wowonjezereka wa kuwonjezereka kwa MS, kapena palibe maphunziro ochepa omwe apangidwa kuti atsimikizire mgwirizano wotero.
Kotero "kudandaula" kulikonse kumangoganizira chabe popanda chithandizo cha sayansi.
Ndipotu, katemera ndi ofunika kwambiri popewera matenda, ena mwa iwo angathe kuopseza moyo kwa omwe ali ndi MS . Izi zili choncho chifukwa munthu yemwe ali ndi MS angathe kukhala ndi mphamvu yoziteteza kuthupi chifukwa chomwa mankhwala a steroid komanso / kapena mankhwala ena omwe amasintha matenda. Inde, kutenga matenda angayambitsenso kubwezeretsa kachilombo ka MS-kachiwiri kawiri thupi lanu.
Ngakhale dokotala wanu adziwe kuti ndi chiti chomwe mungathe komanso simungathe kukhala nacho, ndibwino kuti mudziwe nokha, popeza pali malingaliro olakwika (ngakhale m'dera lachipatala). Mwachidule, kumvetsa choonadi kumbuyo kwa chitetezo cha katemera kungakhale kupulumutsa moyo kwa inu kapena wokondedwa wanu.
Katemera Amene Ali Otetezeka kwa Anthu Omwe Ali ndi MS
Katemera Wophuphu Wopweteka
Zomwe Zimayambitsa Matenda ndi Kupewa Matenda (CDC) zimalimbikitsa katemera wa chimfine chaka chilichonse kwa munthu aliyense miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kapena kuposerapo.
Kupeza chiwopsezo cha pachaka ndikofunikira kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ambiri odwala matenda opatsirana pogonana (monga mankhwala otchedwa steroids kapena mankhwala ena omwe amachititsa matenda monga Novantrone). Ngakhale zili bwino kuti chiwopsezo chanu chiwonongeke mu Oktoba, kenako ndi bwino kuposa kale.
Chifukwa chomwe munthu aliyense ali ndi MS (mosasamala kanthu za mankhwala omwe amachititsa matenda) akutha kutenga jekeseni ya jekeseni chifukwa sichikhala ndi kachilombo ka moyo.
Chinthu chokhacho ndi chakuti anthu a Lemtrada (alemtuzumab) ayenera kutsimikizira kuti amalandira chimfine chowombera masabata asanu ndi limodzi isanachitike Lemtrada kulowetsedwa. Izi zidzathandiza kuti chitetezo chawo cha mthupi chitengere bwino kupanga ma antibodies pa matenda a chimfine.
Katemera wa chimfine ndi Fluzone mkulu wa matenda a chimfine sakuvomerezedwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi MS. FluMist ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda (kutanthauza kuti kachilombo kamasinthidwa kotero ndifooka, koma akadali moyo). Kotero izi sizilangizidwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mphamvu zoteteza thupi lawo, chifukwa zingawathandize kuti adwale.
Ndizosangalatsa kuzindikira kuti CDC sichikuvomereza FluMist kwa munthu aliyense (mosasamala kanthu za chitetezo cha mthupi chawo) chifukwa cha nkhawa za mphamvu yake.
Fluzone ndi yosachiritsika (kotero ilibe kachilombo ka HIV) koma kawirikawiri imalimbikitsidwa kwa a zaka zapakati pa 65 ndi zapakati, popeza ili ndi antigen yomwe imapezeka nthawi zinayi. Izi zikuyenera kuti zikhale ndi mphamvu yowonongeka ya chitetezo cha mthupi mwa anthu omwe amalandira chifukwa chitetezo cha mthupi chimakhala chofooka ndi zaka.
Izi zanenedwa, National MS Society sikuti amalimbikitsa Fluzone kwa anthu omwe ali ndi MS, popeza panopa palibe kafukufuku wowunika momwe anthu amachitira ndi MS.
Pneumovax 23 ndi Prevnar 13 Katemera wa Pneumococcal
Katemera wa pneumococcal (pali awiri) amatetezera ku mitundu ya mabakiteriya omwe angayambitse chibayo, chomwe ndi matenda aakulu a mapapu. Katemera onsewa ndi osasinthika ndipo amawoneka otetezeka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi MS. Ngakhale kuti CDC imalimbikitsa katemera onse omwe ali ndi zaka 65 kapena kuposera (ngati ali ndi MS kapena alibe), American Academy of Neurology imalimbikitsa katemerawo kwa omwe ali ndi MS omwe ali ndi vuto la mapapo, ndi / kapena omwe amagwiritsa ntchito njinga ya olumala onse nthawi kapena ogona.
TDAP (Tetanus, Diphtheria, Pertussis) Katemera
Tetanus ndi matenda owopsa chifukwa cha mabakiteriya Clostridium tetani, ndipo imatha kuyambitsa minofu yopweteka, kudumpha nsagwada, kugwidwa, ndi mavuto akumeza.
Katemera wa tetanus akulimbikitsidwa kwa aliyense ndipo alibe viva wamoyo. Kwa akuluakulu, katemerawa amaperekedwa pamodzi ndi diphtheria (Td) kapena kuphatikizapo diphtheria ndi pertussis (Tdap). Katemera wa pertussis amateteza matenda a bakiteriya omwe amatchedwa chifuwa chokhwima .
CDC imalimbikitsa kuti onse akuluakulu khumi ndi asanu ndi anayi kapena kuposerapo adzalandire mlingo wa Tdap ngati sanalandire chimodzi, mosasamala kanthu kuti chiwerengero cha Td chakumapeto chinali chiyani. Mlingo wa Td umalimbikitsidwa zaka khumi zilizonse.
Katemera wa Hepatitis B
Katemera wa Hepatitis B ndi katemera wosatetezedwa (wophedwa) omwe amapatsidwa katemera wachitatu kapena anai pa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Ana tsopano apatsidwa mlingo woyamba wa chiwindi cha B patsiku, ndipo akulimbikitsidwa kuti ana ndi achinyamata omwe sanalandire katemera, atenge katemera.
Kwa akulu omwe sanatenge katemera, CDC imalimbikitsa katemera m'madera osiyanasiyana a anthu onga
- Anthu omwe amapita ku madera omwe akuwonjezeka kuchuluka kwa chiwindi cha chiwindi B
- Anthu omwe amagwira ntchito kuchipatala
- Anthu omwe ali ndi chibwenzi ndi hepatitis B
- Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda aakulu a chiwindi, matenda a impso, HIV, kapena shuga
Palinso anthu ena ambiri amene ali pangozi, koma aliyense amene akufuna chithandizo cha hepatitis B akhoza kulandira ndipo ayenera kulandira-kuphatikizapo omwe ali ndi MS.
Katemera Amene Amakhala Otetezeka kwa Anthu Omwe Ali ndi MS
Palinso katemera ochuluka omwe amalingaliridwa mwina otetezedwa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi MS. Pazochitikazi, ngati inu kapena wokondedwa wanu muli ndi MS, ndi bwino kuyamba kukambirana ndi dokotala wanu za chitetezo chisanafike.
- Katemera wa Varicella
- Katemera-M'magazi-Rubella katemera
- Amayi
- Katemera wa Zoster
- Katemera wa Papillomavirus (HPV)
- Polio
Katemera wa Varicella
Varicella ndi kachilombo komwe kamayambitsa nkhuku. Mungadabwe kudziwa kuti katemera wa varicella (kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa) amafunikira kuti anthu omwe atenga Gilyena (fingolimod) kapena Lemtrada (alemtuzumab) pokhapokha munthu atapezeka kale ndi nkhuku. Madokotala amatha kufufuza ngati munthu wawonetseredwa (monga ubwana) mwa kukopera magazi a varicella antibody. Ngati palibe chitetezo cha m'magazi, katemera wa varicella amaperekedwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi asanayambe kumwa mankhwala.
Katemera, Matumbo, Chithandizo cha Rubella
Katemera wa measles-mumps-rubella ndi katemera wotetezeka, choncho ndizomveka kuti poyamba mukhale osamala za izo. Izi zanenedwa, malinga ndi National MS Society, katemera uwu mwina ndi otetezedwa kwa anthu omwe sali kumwa mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti chitetezo chawo cha thupi chitetezedwe (monga corticosteroids kapena mankhwala ena othandizira matenda). Apanso, ndi bwino kutsatira malangizo a katswiri wanu wamagulu, monga kachirombo ka moyo kamene kangayambitse matenda.
Katemera wa Amayi
Katemera wa rabies amateteza matenda opatsirana pogonana, omwe ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda ngati munthu alumidwa ndi chirombo. Katemera wa chiwewe ndi katemera wosatetezedwa kapena wakupha kotero kuti sungakupatseni chiwewe.
Katemera uwu waperekedwa kwa anthu omwe ali pachiopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa ngati achirombo kapena anthu omwe amayenda ku mayiko kumene chiwopsezo chimakhala chofala. Ikhoza kuperekedwanso ngati munthu ali kale ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa.
Popeza kuti chiwopsezo chimawopsyeza nthawi zonse, chiopsezo cha katemera uliwonse chikhoza kupitirira phindu.
Choster Vaccine
Katemera wa zoster (omwe amathandiza kuteteza mapiritsi onse ndi vuto lopweteka lachibwana chotchedwa neuralgia ) ndi katemera wamoyo, kotero madokotala nthawi zambiri amakhala osamala popereka. Izi zikunenedwa kuti zimakhala zotetezeka kwa munthu aliyense wamkulu yemwe ali ndi nkhuku, pamene thupi lakhala likudziletsa kale. CDC imalimbikitsa katemera wa zozilera ku anthu akuluakulu 60 kapena kuposerapo.
Katemera wa HPV
Katemera wa HPV amalimbikitsidwa kwa ana a zaka zapakati pa 11 kapena 12. Zitha kuperekedwa kwa zaka makumi awiri ndi ziwiri (26) mwa amayi ndi zaka 21 mu amuna kapena zaka 26 ngati mwamuna agonana ndi amuna ena kapena ali ndi HIV / AIDS. Chithandizo cha HPV chimateteza zilonda za m'mimba, kansa ya pachibelekero, ndi mitundu ina ya khansara monga vaginal, penile, anal, ndi pakamwa / mmero.
Katemera wa poliyo
Polio ndi kachilombo kamene kamakhudza dongosolo lamanjenje. Anthu ambiri safuna katemera wa polio chifukwa adatemera katemera ngati ana. Anthu oyenda m'mayiko osiyanasiyana angafunikire mlingo wochuluka ngati akupita kumadera komwe poliyo akadalipo.
Katemera wa Fever Yellow sungakhale wotetezeka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi MS
Phunziro limodzi laling'ono la anthu asanu ndi awiri omwe ali ndi matenda ambiri odwala matenda a sclerosis, anapeza kuti chiwopsezo chachikulu cha kubwereranso pakatha masabata asanu ndi limodzi otsatira katemera ndi yellow fever , matenda opatsirana ndi udzudzu kumadera ena a South America ndi Africa.
Pachifukwa ichi, National MS Society imalimbikitsa kuika chiopsezo chokhala ndi chikondwerero cha yellow fever poyenda ndi chiopsezo cha munthu kuti akhale ndi MS. Ili ndi lingaliro lopusitsa komanso lodziwika payekha limene liyenera kukambirana mosamalitsa ndi katswiri wa ubongo wa munthu.
Mawu Ochokera
Kafukufuku wochuluka wokhudza anthu omwe ali ndi MS angakhale othandiza, makamaka maphunziro akuluakulu omwe amawona zowonjezera phindu la katemera mwa anthu omwe ali ndi MS poyerekeza ndi omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino (ngati munthu yemwe ali ndi MS akhoza kumanga chitetezo chachikulu cha chitetezo cha mthupi monga katemera monga munthu wathanzi).
Zoonadi, izi ndi zovuta chifukwa zimadalira zifukwa zingapo monga matenda omwe amachititsa munthu kutenga nthawi kapena katemera wake.
Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala omwe amachititsa chitetezo cha mthupi (monga Copaxone kapena interferon mankhwala) motsutsana ndi mankhwala omwe amachititsa chitetezo cha mthupi (monga steroids, Lemtrada, kapena Novantrone) chingakhudze momwe munthu amachitira ndi katemera.
Chithunzi chachikulu apa ndi chakuti katemera ndi othandiza kwa anthu omwe ali ndi MS monga momwe angapewere matenda omwe angayambitse mazira. Koma onetsetsani kuti mungalankhulane ndi katswiri wanu wamaganizo, popeza pali ziganizo zina zomwe zimakhalapo-monga zoopsa za katemera wamoyo kapena ngati mutangobwerera kumene.
> Zotsatira:
> Zolinga za Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. (May 2016). Katemera ndi Katemera.
> Mailand MT, Frederiksen JL. Katemera ndi Multiple Sclerosis: Kusintha Kwambiri. J Neurol. 2016 Sep 7.
> National MS Society. (2016). Katemera.
> Williamson EM, Chahin S, Berger JR. Katemera ku Multiple Sclerosis. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep . 2016 Apr; 16 (4): 36.