Mawu akuti phulusa yamtunduwu amatanthauza kukula kosalekeza m'kamwa mwa koloni . Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya polyps, koma amaganiza kuti pafupifupi 10 peresenti ya iwo amakula kukhala khansa yamtundu . Zowonjezera izi zikhoza kugawidwa ngati zonyozeka (osati khansa), zisanachitike khansa, kapena khansa.
Kupeza kuti muli ndi mapulotoni otchedwa colon sikutanthawuza kanthu-gawo limodzi mwa atatu ku America ali ndi zaka zoposa 50.
Komabe, mitundu ina ya polyps ikhoza kukula, mutate, ndi kukhala khansa. Izi zikuganiza kuti zikuchitika pang'onopang'ono, pazaka 10 mpaka 20.
Kuchuluka kwa pang'onopang'ono kwa mapuloteni ndi chifukwa chachikulu chomwe khansara ya colon imatetezedwa. Ngati dokotala akupeza mitundu yeniyeni ya mapuloteni-omwe angakule kukhala khansara-iye akhoza kuwachotsa asanakhale nawo mwayi woti asinthe.
Zowopsa
Mukhoza kupeza ma polyps m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Pamene mukukalamba, mapuloteni amatha kukula mu coloni yanu, chifukwa chake muyenera kuyamba kuyesa kuyesa khansa ya colon pafupi ndi zaka 50.
Anthu ena amamera mapepala posachedwa, chifukwa cha moyo ndi zakudya zomwe zimathandiza kukula kwa mapuloteni, kapena kukhala ndi matenda obadwa nawo, monga achibale a adenomatous polyposis (FAP), omwe ndi osowa kwambiri omwe amachititsa kuti kukula kwa khansa isanafike colon yanu.
Genetics
Ngati muli ndi mamembala a m'kalasi yoyamba (m'bale, mlongo, bambo, mayi, mwana) ndi khansara ya colon kapena polyps, chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi khansa ya coloni chikuwonjezeka.
Kwa inu, malangizo omwe angayambire kuyesa kuyesa kansalu kosavuta kansalu ali ndi zaka 50 sakugwira ntchito. Dokotala wanu angafune kuyamba kuyang'ana mofulumira.
Wodziwika bwino Adenomatous Polyposis Syndrome (FAP)
Imeneyi ndi matenda omwe anabadwa nawo m'banja omwe amachititsa kukula kwa mazana (ngakhale zikwi) za pre-cancerous polyps mu khola lanu.
Ngakhale kuti sizingatheke, anthu omwe ali ndi FAP akhoza kupezeka ndi khansa ya coloni ali aang'ono. Zizindikiro za FAP zingaphatikizepo kusintha kwa ziwalo za m'mimba, kupweteka kwa m'mimba, kapena m'magazi amagazi (kuchokera ku mapepala akuluakulu).
Hereditary Nonpolyposis Wachilendo Khansa Syndrome (HNPCC)
Amatchedwanso Lynch syndrome , uwu ndiwo umoyo umene umakhala nawo kwa banja umene ungapangitse chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi khansa ya coloni ndi 80 peresenti. Palibe ziwonetsero za kunja kwa HNPCC, koma kuyeretsa kwa majini , mbiri ya banja ya khansa yamtundu, ndi mayeso oyesera, monga colonoscopy, amathandiza dokotala kudziwa matendawa.
Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome (PJS)
Ichi ndi chikhalidwe chobadwira chomwe chimayambitsa mapulotoni a colon omwe amakhala ovuta kwambiri kukhala odwala khansa. PJS sizolowereka, imakhudza pakati pa amodzi ndi 25,000 mpaka mmodzi ndi 300,000 atabadwa.
PJS ikhoza kuperekedwera kwa mwana (50/50 mwayi wa izo) kapena kupangika mofulumira (chifukwa chosadziwika). Zizindikiro zina zokhudzana ndi matendawa, omwe nthawi zambiri amawoneka pa kubadwa, amawoneka ndi mdima wandiweyani pamilomo kapena pakamwa, phokoso la chala kapena zolembera, ndi magazi mu chotupa.
Kuopsa Kwambiri
Ambiri mwa anthu akuluakulu oposa 50 adzakhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri, koma amachepetsa ziopsezo zomwe zimapangitsa kukula ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa yamtundu.
Zinthu zoterezi zimaphatikizapo:
- Kusiya kusuta fodya - Kuopsa kokhala ndi polyps ndikokwera kawiri kapena katatu mukasuta.
- Sungani zakudya zanu - Zakudya zambiri zamtundu ndi nyama zofiira komanso zowonjezera zikhoza kuwonjezera ngozi ya khansa yamtundu.
- Imwani mowa mopitirira malire - Kuwonjezera mowa mopitirira muyeso kumaonjezera ngozi ya khansa yoyipa kwambiri.
- Anthu ochita maseŵera olimbitsa thupi amakhala ndi chiopsezo chochepa chokhala ndi kansa ya colon ndi rectum.
- Kutaya thupi (ngati kuli kofunika) -Kuwonjezera kumawonjezera ngozi ya khansa.
Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti pali zifukwa zomwe simungathe kuzilamulira, zomwe zikuphatikizapo amuna, zaka, matenda, ndi mbiri ya banja.
Mbiri ya matenda opatsirana , matenda a shuga, kapena maubwenzi omwe amachititsa kuti pakhale mapuloteni, monga FAP kapena HNPCC, angakuchititseni ngozi yaikulu.
Zizindikiro
Kwa mbali zambiri, mapuloteni adzakhala pansi ndikukula mwakachetechete mumtundu wanu popanda zizindikiro zakunja. Pulopenti yaikulu ikhoza kutuluka magazi , omwe angawoneke pamsana kapena pamayesero a magazi amatsenga. Nthawi zambiri, mumatha kutopa, zomwe zingachitike ndi kutaya mwazi wochuluka (kutaya mwazi mu coloni kuchokera kukulu kapena khansa yambiri).
Kuyesa Kuzindikira
Pali mayesero osiyanasiyana owonetsetsa omwe amavomereza kupezeka kwa mapuloteni mumtundu wanu. Ambiri mwa mayesowa amafunika kukonzekera kuti asawononge chikhomo chachitetezo ndi zamadzimadzi, kuti ziwonetsedwe bwino za ma polyps. Mayeso oterewa ndi awa:
- Colonoscopy - imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti iganizire ndi kuchotsa mapulogalamu akuluakulu
- Colonoscopy Yoyenera ( CT Colonography ) -yikuwonetseratu ma polyps
- Barium Enema (DCBE) Osiyana-siyana - ankawoneka kuti amawoneka bwino
- Mayeso a Magazi a Fecal Occult (FOBT) -wapeza kuti magazi akulowa mu mpando
Mitundu ya Polyps
Mapulogalamu amatchulidwa malinga ndi malo awo, mtundu, ndi mawonekedwe. Mukhoza kupanga mapuloteni mu gawo lililonse la colon kapena rectum. Mtundu wambiri wa mapuloteni ndi mapuloteni a tubular, omwe amakhalanso ndi khansa.
Kawirikawiri, khansa ya coloni imakula kuchokera kuzinyalala zam'madzi, ndi adenocarcinoma kukhala mtundu wochuluka kwambiri wa chotupa chachikulu. Mapuloteni otchedwa Adenomatous polyps angakhale opweteka (frond kapena tsamba ngati tsamba), akuleredwa, kapena wathyathyathya.
Mapuloteni osakaniza ndi ochepa kwambiri omwe amakhala okhudzana ndi khansa yamtunduwu, komabe, akhoza kukhala asanatengere kansa ngati atapezeka pambali ya koloni kapena ngati muli ndi mbiri ya ma genetic syndromes.
Chithandizo
Kamodzi kawiri kawiri kakudziwika, dokotala adzayesa mtundu wake ndi kukula kwake ndipo angasankhe kuchotsa izo ndi kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha polyp kukhala khansa m'tsogolomu. Kutulutsidwa kwa polyp kumatchedwa polypectomy, yomwe nthawi zambiri imatha panthawi yanu colonoscopy kapena sigmoidoscopy.
Monga njira iliyonse yachipatala, pali ngozi zomwe zimagwiridwa ndi kuchotsa mapuloteni kuphatikizapo chiopsezo cha matumbo perforation (dzenje m'mimba), kutuluka mwazi, ndi matenda, kutchula ochepa. Onetsetsani kuti mukambirane za ngozi ndi ubwino wa kuchotsa mapulogalamu ndi dokotala wanu.
Komanso, ngati dokotala wanu atapeza mapepala osawerengeka kapena akuluakulu, akhoza kukuwuzani za opaleshoni yochotsa gawo la coloni yanu. Izi zimatchedwa colectomy .
Zotsatira:
American Cancer Society. (2006). Buku Lopatulika la American Cancer Society Loyamba kwa Khansa Yoyamba . Clifton Fields, NE: American Cancer Society.
Medline Plus. (nd). Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome.
National Cancer Institute. (nd). Kupewa Kansalu Kwambiri (PDQ).
Zokonza Zowonongeka Zokhudza National Digestive Information. (nd). Zimene Ndikufunika Kudziwa Zokhudza Mapulogalamu a Colon.