Ochepa magazi amagwiritsidwa ntchito popewera sitiroko. Ngati mwakhala ndi kachilombo ka HIV kapena TIA, muli ndi mwayi kuti mutenge magazi ochepa.
Sitiroko ndi TIA ndi zina mwa zifukwa zowopsa kwambiri zowonjezera matenda ena. Ndipotu, pafupifupi masentimita makumi atatu (30%) onse akukwapulidwa, kubwezeretsa kupweteka kwapakati makamaka kwa odwala matendawa.
Pano pali mndandanda wa ochepa magazi amene amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popewera mliri, komanso zina mwa zotsatira zake .
Aggrenox:
Aggrenox ndi aspirin komanso kumasulidwa kwa dipyridamole. Mutu ndi zotsatira zofala kwambiri zomwe zimalembedwa ndi Aggrenex. Zotsatira zina zofala zimaphatikizapo ululu wamimba , indigestion ndi kutsekula m'mimba.
Zomwe mungasamalire : Muyenera kusiya Aggrenox ndikupita kwa dokotala kapena m'chipinda chodzidzimutsa mukamaona zidole zakuda kapena zowonongeka, chifukwa ichi ndi chizindikiro cha kutuluka kwa m'mimba, zomwe zingafulumire kupita kuchipatala.
Aspirin:
Aspirin ndiwopseza magazi omwe amatha kuteteza sitiroko ngati muli ndi zifukwa zina. Aspirin ikhoza kukwiyitsa m'mimba ndi m'matumbo ndipo ikhoza kuyambitsa kusokoneza, kunyoza, ndi kusanza. "Enteric yokutidwa," kapena EC, mawonekedwe a aspirin amachititsa kuti thupi likhale lopweteka komanso limatulutsa zotsatira zoyipa. Zotsatira zochepa zochepa za aspirin zimaphatikizapo kuvutika kupuma komanso kutuluka kwa m'mimba.
Zomwe mungasamalire: Ngati muwona zozizira zakuda kapena zozonda, izi ndi chizindikiro cha kutuluka mmimba kapena kutuluka kwa m'mimba, ndipo ziyenera kukulimbikitsani kuti mupeze chithandizo chamankhwala Muyenera kupeza chithandizo chamankhwala mwamsanga mukapuma kupuma pamene aspirin .
Aspirin sivomerezedwa kwa ana chifukwa zingayambitse ana kukhala ndi vuto lalikulu lomwe limatchedwa Reye's Syndrome.
Coumadin:
Amadziwika kuti warfarin, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito popewera zikwapu kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima monga matenda a atrial fibrillation kapena mavuto a mtima wa valve ndi omwe amadwala matenda olepheretsa magazi .
Coumadin ikhoza kuyambitsa magazi ochuluka. Ngati mutenga coumaden, muyenera kuyesa magazi nthawi zonse kuti muyang'ane mayendedwe anu apadziko lonse (INR). Izi ndizomwe zimachitika m'mayiko osiyanasiyana omwe amachititsa kuti magazi azigwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi. Pamene INR ikukwera, zimasonyeza kuti munthu sangathe kupanga magazi. Odwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oopsa amatha kukhala ndi INR ya 2-3 kuti athe kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda.
Coumadin amagwira ntchito pomenyana ndi vitamini K, yomwe ndi vitamini yomwe imathandiza magazi kutsekemera. Pamene coumaden ikutsutsana ndi vitamini K, imachepetsa kupha magazi.
Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito coumaden, m'pofunika kuyang'anira zakudya zanu zomwe zili ndi vitamini K zambiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito vitamini K kwambiri kungathetsere zotsatira za coumaden, kuthetsa ntchito yothandizira kukhwima. Zakudya zina zokhala ndi vitamini K zambiri zimaphatikizapo sipinachi, letesi, ziphuphu, katsitsumzukwa, broccoli, kolifulawa, ndi kabichi. Madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti muzidya vitamini K tsiku lililonse kuti mukhale ndi vitamini K mu thupi lanu.
Zomwe mungasamalire: Mwachizoloŵezi chofala cha Coumadin sichiri chachilendo, ndipo nthawi zina chimatulutsa magazi. Kutuluka kwa magazi kumakhala kofala mkati mwa diso kapena m'matumbo, komabe kutuluka magazi ndi kuphwanya kosavuta kumachitika paliponse m'thupi, kuphatikizapo ubongo . Ngati mutenga Coumaden, muyenera kukumbukira kuyang'anitsitsa mtundu wanu wazitsulo ndikufunsanso kuchipatala ngati ziwalo zimakhala zakuda kapena kuima.
Heparin:
Heparin nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa kuchipatala. Heparin imayenera kutengedwera intravenously (IV) mwa kulumikiza mwachindunji mumtsuko wa magazi . Heparin imagwiritsidwa ntchito popewera mapangidwe a magazi ndi kuwonjezera mphamvu za thupi kuti zithetse magazi omwe alipo.
Kuti heparin azigwira bwino ntchito, magazi amafunika kuyang'aniridwa nthawi ndi nthawi kuti atsimikizire kuti maseŵera a heparin amalowa m'mphepete mwachangu. Kuyeza kwa magazi kuti achite zimenezi kumatchedwa nthawi ya thromboplastin ( PTT ) . Zotsatira zoyipa za heparin zimachotsa magazi ndi kuphwanya mosavuta. Kuwakwiyitsa pamalo a IV kungathenso kuchitika. Nthawi zina haparin imatha kuyambitsa matenda.
Zimene muyenera kusamala: Gawo la heparin lomwe limakhala lofala kwambiri komanso loopsa ndi lokhazikika magazi. Choncho, muyenera kuyang'ana zida zakuda, zomwe zimawonetsa m'mimba mwazi, kapena kwa mkodzo wa lalanje, wonunkhira kapena utsi, chifukwa ichi ndi chizindikiro cha magazi mu mkodzo.
Lovenox
Lovenox, wotchedwa enoxaparin, ndi mtundu wa heparin wotchedwa fractionated heparin. Lovenox sikuti imafuna kuunika kwa magazi ndipo ikhoza kuikidwa mkati mwa intramuscularly. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a impso osagwiritsidwa ntchito sayenera kugwiritsa ntchito Lovenox, ntchito yovuta ya impso imalola Lovenox kudziunjikira m'magazi. Zotsatira zake za Lovenox zimaphatikizapo kunyoza ndi khungu kumaso pa jekeseni.
Zomwe mungasamalire: Nthawi zambiri, anthu amakhala ndi vuto la Lovenox ndipo amayamba kuthamanga. Ngati ndizovuta, zomwe zimayambitsa zingapangitse kutupa m'manja ndi milomo, ndi kupuma kovuta. Ngati mukukulitsa zizindikiro izi pamene muli ku Lovenox muyenera kupeza chithandizo chamankhwala mwamsanga. Mofanana ndi ochepa magazi, Lovenox angayambitse kupweteka ndi kutuluka mwazi.
Plavix:
Zotsatira zofala za Plavix zimapweteka m'mimba, minofu, chizungulire, ndi mutu. Kuvulaza kosavuta ndi mphuno yamphuno kumatha kuchitika. Anthu omwe ali ndi zilonda zakumimba amatha kutuluka magazi m'mimba, omwe angawononge moyo.
Zomwe mungazisamalire: Ngati muwona zowoneka zakuda kapena zowonongeka, ichi ndi chizindikiro cha kutuluka mwa m'mimba. Izi ndi mitundu ina ya magazi osayenera ayenera kukupatsani chithandizo chamankhwala mwamsanga.
Mawu Ochokera
Magazi a m'magazi ndi ena mwa njira zothandiza kwambiri popewera sitiroko. Komabe, onse ochepa magazi amadziwika kuti akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatirapo, ngakhalenso ochepa omwe amawatsitsa magazi. Pamene mukugwiritsa ntchito ochepa magazi, nkofunika kuti muzindikire zotsatira zake. Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwina mukukumana ndi zotsatira za zotsatira zochepa za magazi omwe mukuwutenga, muyenera kuonana ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu, amene adzakupatsani malangizo pazotsatira zomwe muyenera kuchita.
> Mafotokozedwe:
> Kuchita bwino ndi chitetezo cha kuchepa kwa mlingo wosagwiritsa ntchito vitamini K wotsutsana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi warfarin odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a atrial: Kuphunzira kwa gulu lonse, Nielsen PB, Skjøth F Søgaard M Kjældgaard JN, Lip GY Larsen TB, BMJ. 2017 Feb 10; 356: j510. lembani: 10.1136 / bmj.j510.
> Chitetezo cha Direct Oral Anticoagulants: Malingaliro ochokera ku Maphunziro Otsogolera, Villines TC, Peacock WF, Am J Emerg Med. 2016 Sep 28. pii: S0735-6757 (16) 30648-9