Pali ochepa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito magazi, kuphatikizapo heparin.
Heparin ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popewera mapangidwe a magazi. Heparin ikhoza kuperekedwa mwachindunji m'magazi, kapena ngati jekeseni pansi pa khungu. Palibe mawu a heparin opezeka pakamwa (mwa pakamwa), ndipo chifukwa chake amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchipatala.
Kodi Heparin Amagwiritsidwa Ntchito Liti M'chipatala?
Heparin imaletsa mapangidwe a magazi .
M'munsimu pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe heparin amagwiritsira ntchito.
- Kuteteza mapangidwe a magazi omwe angapangidwe monga vuto la kukhala pabedi kwa nthawi yaitali . Mankhwala otsika a heparin otsika tsiku ndi tsiku amadzipiritsidwa pansi pa khungu amatha kuteteza mapangidwe a mitsempha yambiri ya m'mimba , ntchafu, ndi pelvis. Ma DVTs angayambitsenso zikwapu ndi mapulaneti, (PE) zomwe zingawononge moyo
- Kuchita ziwalo za pulmonary: Zizindikiro zozizira ndizo magazi omwe amasunthira m'mapapo kuchokera mu mtima, kapena kuchokera ku thupi lakuya la thupi. Kamodzi m'mapapu, mapangidwe a pulmona amatha kuletsa magazi kuthamangira m'magawo akuluakulu a m'mapapo ndikuletsa mpweya wa okosijeni wosauka, magazi amtundu wakuda kuti asatengedwe ndi mpweya. Monga tanenera kale, anthu angakhale ndi moyo pangozi.
- Pofuna kuteteza kukulitsa kwa mitsempha yambiri yamagazi yomwe imapezeka mkatikati mwa mtima, komanso mbali zina za thupi, momwe zingayambitsire kupweteka kwa mpweya.
- Kuteteza kupanga mapulogalamu a magazi pamene opaleshoni ya mtima, kapena pa opaleshoni ya mitsempha yayikuru.
Kodi Heparin Ayenera Kuchita Liti Kuti Apeze Stroke?
Heparin imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuchiza zikwapu zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi zizindikiro za magazi.
Zina mwa zochitika zomwe zimatanthawuza kwambiri kuti sitiroko imagwirizanitsidwa ndi magazi ophatikizapo:
- Kuthamanga kwa carotid kapena vertebral dissection
- Dural sinus thrombosis
- Pamene munthu amene ali ndi stroke ali ndi ultrasound amasonyeza kupweteka kwakukulu kwa thrombosis
- Munthu amene ali ndi matenda a stroke amakhalanso ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda
- Pamene mayeso a carotid doppler amasonyeza kuti magazi amapezeka mkati mwa mitsempha ya carotid , kapena echocardiogram imasonyeza magazi mkati mwa mtima.
Hetrain Intravenous Mlingo
Mosiyana ndi mankhwala ambiri, mlingo wa heparin uyenera kusankhidwa molingana ndi zotsatira za kuyezetsa magazi zomwe zimatchedwa nthawi ya thromboplastin kapena PTT. Kamodzi kokha kutsekemera kwa heparin kumayambika, mlingo wake umasinthidwa maola 4 mpaka 6 kuti muwonetsetse kuti magazi sakhala ofooka kwambiri moti munthu amatha kuika magazi mwadzidzidzi.
Kawirikawiri, mapulogalamu ambiri a heparin amaitana nthawi imodzi "bolus jekeseni" ya heparin ndikutsatira pang'onopang'ono kwa mlingo ku PTT yomwe imakhala kawiri kawiri.
Chifukwa palibe mankhwala a mankhwalawa, heparin ayenera kuimitsidwa asanatuluke kuchipatala. Anthu omwe amafunikira chithandizo cha nthawi yaitali ndi ochepetsera magazi amatchulidwa kawirikawiri coumadin, wina wamphamvu wothandizira magazi omwe alipo papepala.
Coumadin imayambika pamene munthu adakali kulandira heparin yowopsa, koma kamodzi kokha kafukufuku wa magazi amasonyeza kuti magazi a coumadin amathandiza kwambiri, heparin ikhoza kuimitsidwa.
Izi zimachitika chifukwa coumadin akhoza kutenga maola 72 asanafike.
Zotsatira za Heparin
Mbali yaikulu ya heparin imachotsa magazi. Pa chifukwa ichi, ndikofunika kuti madokotala azitsatira magazi pamene anthu akuchiritsidwa ndi heparin yowopsa pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti magazi akukhalabe olimba panthawi ya chithandizo. Kutuluka mwadzidzidzi kumapezeka m'madera ambiri m'thupi kuphatikizapo:
- Tsegulani zilonda kapena malo opangira opaleshoni
- Mimba ndi matumbo
- Chiberekero ndi mazira
- Nsonga ndi pakamwa
Ngati magazi amayamba kutuluka chifukwa cha mankhwala a heparin, mankhwala otchedwa protamine sulphate angaperekedwe mwachangu kuti asamapangitse kuti magazi a heparin atengeke.
Pomwe magazi akumwa magazi kwambiri amafunika kuti m'malo mwa magazi awonongeke.
Chinthu china chofunika kwambiri cha heparin ndi chidziwitso cha heparin-chochititsa thrombocytopenia (HIT). Pachikhalidwe ichi heparin imapangitsa chitetezo cha thupi kuti chitenge ma antibodies pa mapulogalamu ake omwe. Popeza mlingo wokwanira wa mapalelet ndi wofunika kuti thupi lipewe kutaya mwazi, mlingo wochepa wa mapuloletiti umaika anthu pangozi yakupha magazi aakulu. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, chikhalidwe chomwechi chingayambitsenso mapangidwe oyenera a magazi, omwe amaletsa magazi kutuluka mumitsempha yambiri ya magazi ndikuwononga impso, khungu, ndi ubongo, pakati pa ziwalo zina.
Mawu Ochokera
Heparin ndi mankhwala omwe ayenera kusungidwa pa mlingo wogwirizana ndi momwe thupi limayankhira pamayendedwe a magazi. Izi zimafuna kutsatila mwatsatanetsatane ndi mayesero a magazi omwe angathe kuyesa zotsatira za heparin kuonetsetsa kuti ntchitoyo imasungidwa mkati mwazenera.
Ngati munayenera kulandira mankhwala ndi heparin, mwinamwake mutasinthidwa ku magazi ena owonda kwa nthawi yaitali.
Fufuzani za ena ochepa magazi ndi zotsatira zake .
> Zosowa
> Mipikisano yambiri yafupipafupi yowirikiza kwa wodwala ndi khansara: kodi pali gawo lothandizira kulandira mankhwala opatsirana pogonana? Suero-Abreu GA, Cheng JZ, Ndiye RK, BMJ Nkhani Rep 2017 Jun 3, 2017. pii: bcr-2016-218105.