Kusiyanasiyana kwa Maganizo ndi Maganizo kwa Odwala ndi Zofunika Kwambiri
Kusokonezeka kwakukulu kwa Benin ndikotheka kwambiri matenda onse oyendayenda. Wina wochita mantha kwambiri wawonjezereka, nthawi zambiri manja kapena mikono, pamene chiwalo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi zimasiyanitsa chivomezicho ndi cha matenda a Parkinson, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala oipitsitsa pamene dzanja ndi dzanja likupumula.
Kodi "Benign" ndi "Chofunikira" Chikutanthauza Chiyani ku Benign Chofunika Kwambiri?
Liwu lakuti "zofunika" silinatanthauzidwe kuti liwonetse kufunika kwa mantha.
Kugwedezeka ndiko kukwiyitsa ndipo kungathe kukhumudwitsa nthawi zina. Mawu akuti "ofunikira" akuyenera kuti asonyeze kuti kutenthedwa ndi chizindikiro chokha chokhudzidwa - kuti ndicho "chofunika" cha vuto lonselo. Mofananamo, mawu akuti "osabereka" amasonyeza kuti matendawa, pamene amakhumudwitsa, sakhala owopsa.
Maganizo awa, ngakhale atonthozedwa ndi ochuluka, angakhale olakwika.
Kwenikweni, kunjenjemera kwakukulu mwina sikungokhala matenda amodzi okha, koma makamaka chizindikiro chimayambitsidwa ndi njira iliyonse yosiyana. Zina mwa izi zikhoza kukhala "zoyipa," koma zina zingakhale zovuta kwambiri.
Matenda Amene Ambiri Amafunika Kuwotcha
Kuti adziwe kuti ali ndi mantha aakulu, choyamba ayenera kusiya mafano odziwika. Matenda aakulu kwambiri monga multiple sclerosis, kuvulala kwa ubongo , matenda oopsa, matenda a Wilson, matenda a parkinson, mankhwala a poizoni, poizoni, ndi zina zingayambitse kupweteka kumene dzanja ndi mkono zikugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Ngati chimodzi mwa zinthuzi chikupezeka kuti ndi chomwe chimayambitsa chivomezi, chiwombankhanga sichinthu chofunikira kuti chikhale "chofunikira," koma chimakhala cha matenda aakulu kwambiri.
Mtsutso umayambira titatha kuchotsa mavuto ambiri monga momwe tingathere, ndipo kungowonjezereka kumangokhalabe. Ngakhale panthawiyi, pangakhale zizindikiro zomwe kunjenjemera ndi chizindikiro cha njira yowonjezera, yomwe imakhudzidwa kwambiri mu thupi.
Zosamvetsetseka ndi Zisokonezo Zofunika Kwambiri
Chiwerengero choposa cha asayansi chafotokozera kusiyana kosaonekera momwe anthu omwe ali ndi mantha aakulu amachitira pa mayesero a ubongo. Mwachitsanzo, anthu omwe ali ndi chivomezi chofunika, monga gulu, sangathe kutchula zipatso zambiri m'maminiti amodzi ngati omwe alibe mantha. Ankachitanso zinthu zoopsa kwambiri poyesa kukumbukira, kusamala, komanso kusinkhasinkha.
Kuwonjezera pa kusiyana kwakukulu kwa malingaliro ameneŵa, anthu omwe ali ndi mantha aakulu amafotokozedwa kuti ali pa chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha kuvutika maganizo, komanso akuvutika ndi nkhawa kapena chikhalidwe cha anthu. Kafukufuku wina adalongosola odwala omwe ali ndi mantha oopsa monga ena, ololera, kapena osungulumwa kuposa anthu onse. Zonsezi zidafotokozedwa poyerekeza magulu a anthu, kutanthauza kuti pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa anthu.
Kusintha kwa Ubongo mu Kukwera Kwambiri
Akatswiri ofufuza matenda a ubongo aphunzira ubongo wa anthu omwe amawopsya kwambiri akamwalira. Zotsatirazo ndi zotsutsana koma zotsutsana. Anthu ena adanena kusintha kwa cerebellum, dera la ubongo lomwe limagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuyenda ndi kugwirizana. Kuwonjezera apo, kafukufuku wina wasonyeza mwayi wapamwamba wopezera matupi a Lewy, omwe nthawi zambiri amawoneka ngati chizindikiro cha matenda a Parkinson, mbali imodzi ya ubongo wotchedwa locus coeruleus.
Akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti izi ndizisonyezero kuti kutentha kwakukulu kungakhale matenda opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito matenda a Parkinson kapena matenda a Alzheimer's. Kafukufuku wina apeza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi mantha aakulu akhoza kukhala ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka cha matenda a Parkinson, matenda a Alzheimer, ndi matenda a supranuclear palsy. Mwina pali chizoloŵezi chodziwikiratu pazinthu zomwe zimayambitsa chivomezi ndi mavuto ena.
Komabe, ena amanena kuti chiwerengero cha matupi a Lewy omwe amapezeka mu ubongo wa anthu omwe ali ndi chivomezi chachikulu sichiposa apamwamba.
Komanso, chiopsezo chowonjezereka cha matenda ena chingakhale chosavuta kudziwa bwino - kutanthauza kuti mwina anthu ena omwe poyamba adanenedwa kuti ali ndi chivomezi chofunikira anali ndi malingaliro odabwitsa a Parkinson kapena matenda ena omwe amadziwika bwino. Ofufuzirawa amakhulupirira kuti palibe zofunikira zenizeni zowonetsera kutentha kwakukulu komwe kumawononga.
Udindo wa Cerebellum mu Zofunikira Kwambiri
Ndithudi, kafukufuku wambiri amasonyeza kuti cerebellum sichigwira ntchito mwachizoloŵezi mwa mantha. Izi zikhoza kufotokoza chifukwa chake anthu ena omwe ali ndi mantha ambiri amakhala ndi "zina zomwe zimapeza" zomwe zimayambitsa machitidwe a ubongo, monga ataxia kapena kugwirizana kwa dzanja.
Zaka khumi zapitazi, tazindikira bwino kuti chidziwitsochi sichikuthandizira kukonza kayendetsedwe kake - kungathandize kuthandizira malingaliro komanso mwina maganizo. Kafukufuku agwirizanitsa ntchito ya cerebellar ndi dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, dera la ubongo lomwe limagwirizanitsa ndi kuthetsa mavuto, chidwi, ndi kukumbukira.
Kodi Zimenezi Zikutanthauza Chiyani Kwa Ine Ngati Ndili ndi Chosangalatsa?
Pali umboni wovomerezeka wakuti kuzindikira kumasiyana pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi mantha osaneneka. Kusiyana kumeneku, komabe, ndi kochepa, ndipo chifukwa cha kusintha kumeneku sikudziwika bwino. Ngati kunjenjemera kwakukulu ndiko matenda olepheretsa, pang'onopang'ono. Momwe zonsezi zikukhudzira, ngati nkomwe, kuleza mtima sikudziwikiratu panthawi ino. Mwinamwake kuzindikira kuti zifukwa zina zazikulu zomwe zimayambitsa chivomezi chachikulu zingathe kumapindulitsa anthu amene angakhale ngati akudwala matenda osokoneza bongo.
Zotsatira:
Bermejo-Pareja F (2011): Kutentha kwakukulu - matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amakhudzidwa ndi zolakwika za chidziwitso? Nat Rev Neurol. 7: 273-282.
Chandran V, Pal PK (2012): Kutentha kwakukulu: kupyola pamoto. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 18: 407-413.
Louis ED, Faust PL, Ma KJ, Yu M, Cortes E, Vonsattel JP (2011): Torpedoes mu veresi ya cerebellar mu milandu yofunika kwambiri ndi maulamuliro. Cerebellum. 10: 812-819.
Louis ED, Faust PL, Vonsattel JP (2011): Kutayika kwa maselo a Purkinje ndi khalidwe loopsya. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 17: 406-409.
Passamonti L, Novellino F, Cerasa A, Chiriaco C, Rocca F, Matina MS, et al. (2011): Maulendo ochepetsedwa a cortical-cerebellar pamakalata ogwira ntchito pamalopo. Ubongo. 134: 2274-2286.
KUDZIZIRANI: Zomwe zili pa tsamba ili ndi zolinga za maphunziro okha. Sitiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati choloweza m'malo mwa chisamaliro cha munthu wodwala wovomerezeka. Chonde funsani dokotala wanu kuti apeze matenda ndi chithandizo cha chilichonse chokhudza zizindikiro kapena matenda .