Kumvetsetsa zotsatira za kuyesa magazi
Musanachite opaleshoni dokotala wanu akhoza kulamula kuyesa magazi kuti mudziwe momwe magazi anu amachitira mwamsanga. Gulu la mayeserowa amadziwika ngati kuphunzira kwa coagulation. Mayeserowa payekha amatchulidwa kuti PT (Prothrombin Time), PTT (Partial Thromboplastin Time), ndi INR (International Normalized Ratio).
Pa opaleshoni zina ndizofunika kuti magazi asamangidwe mwamsanga, ndipo mankhwala angaperekedwe kuti achepetse nthawi yotseka.
Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa kuchepetsa maina amakhala ndi mayina osiyanasiyana, koma Heparin , Coumadin, Lovenox , ndi Warfarin ndi ena mwa ofalitsa ambiri. Nthawi zina, wodwalayo sangathe kuthamanga mwamsanga, ndipo angatengedwe kuti magaziwo azikhala mofulumira kwambiri.
Zotsatira zomwe zili pansipa ndizo "zoyenera" m'malo mwa zotsatira zomwe tikuyembekezera pamene munthu akutenga magazi ochepa. Magazini a magazi amachititsa magazi kutenga nthawi yaitali kuti aphimbe, kotero wodwala kutenga magazi ochepa akhoza kuyembekezera kuti azikhala ndi labu omwe ali apamwamba kuposa omwe adatchulidwa apa.
Mayeso a Magazi a Prothrombin Time-PT
Mayesowa achitidwa kuti aunike magazi kuti athetse. Kawirikawiri imachitidwa opaleshoni kuti aone momwe wodwalayo aliri ndi vuto la magazi kapena kutseketsa panthawi yomwe atachita opaleshoni.
Zizolowezi zapadera za PT: 10-12 masekondi (izi zikhoza kusiyana pang'ono kuchokera ku labu ku labata)
Zomwe zimachititsa kuti PT ikhale yaitali, zimaphatikizapo kuchepa kwa vitamini K, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kuphatikizapo mahomoni opatsirana, komanso kufalitsa mankhwala opatsirana pakamwa, amafalitsa intravascular coagulation (vuto lalikulu lomwe limafuna kuthandizira mwamsanga), matenda a chiwindi, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito anti-coagulant drug warfarin.
Kuwonjezera apo, zotsatira za PT zingasinthidwe ndi zakudya zambiri za vitamini K, chiwindi, tiyi wobiriwira, masamba obiriwira, ndi soya.
Nthawi Yopanda Thromboplastin Time Kuyesedwa kwa Magazi-PTT
Mayesowa amapangidwa makamaka kuti adziwe ngati heparin (magazi oponda magazi) ndi othandiza. Ikhoza kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuti muzindikire kupezeka kwa matenda osokoneza bongo.
Sichisonyeza zotsatira za mankhwala otchedwa "low molecular weight heparin" kapena kawirikawiri ndi dzina lakuti Lovenox.
Zachizolowezi za PTT Values: masekondi 30 mpaka 45 (izi zikhoza kuwerengera pang'ono kuchokera ku labu ku labata)
Nthawi za PTT zowonjezereka zingakhale zotsatira za mankhwala a antiticoagulation, matenda a chiwindi, lupus, ndi matenda ena omwe amachititsa kuti asawonongeke bwino.
Mayendedwe Amagazi Odziwika Padziko Lonse-Mayendedwe a Magazi-INR
Miyambo Yachibadwa ya INR: 1 mpaka 2
INR imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuonetsetsa kuti zotsatira za mayeso a PT zimakhala zofanana pa labu limodzi monga labata ina. M'zaka za m'ma 1980 bungwe la World Health Organization linatsimikiza kuti odwala akhoza kukhala pachiopsezo chifukwa zotsatira za mayeso a PT zingasinthe kuchokera ku labata lina kupita ku mayiko, pogwiritsa ntchito momwe mayeserowo anachitidwira. Zomwe "zachizolowezi" zogwiritsa ntchito labu imodzi zikanakhala zosiyana ndi mtengo wamba "wobadwa" kuchokera ku labu ina, kupanga mavuto kwa odwala omwe akuchiritsidwa m'malo osiyanasiyana. Pofuna kuyanjanitsa zotsatira pakati pa mabala, INR inalengedwa. Chotsatira cha INR chiyenera kukhala chimodzimodzi, mosasamala kanthu komwe malo amayesedwa.
> Zotsatira:
> PTT. American Association of Clinical Chemistry https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/aptt/tab/glance
> Zehnder JL. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a coagulation test. Mu: UpToDate. 2017. http://www.uptodate.com/contents/clinical-use-of-coagulation-tests