Zinthu Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa Zokhudza HIV Kugonjetsa Mankhwala

Kutsutsana Sizothandiza, Koma Ndi Kwamuyaya

Kugonjetsa kwa mankhwala ndi kachilombo komwe munthu aliyense payekha adzalandira. Nthawi zina zimatha kukhala zokha pambuyo pa zaka zambiri zachipatala kapena, nthawi zambiri, pamene munthu alephera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa monga momwe akufunira. Zambiri zokhudzana ndi chidziwitso chakuti mankhwalawa amatha kuperekedwa kuchokera kwa munthu kudzera mwa kugonana , pogwiritsa ntchito singano, kapena zochitika zina zoopsa .

Ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri amadandaula za HIV kuti sagonjetsedwe, anthu ambiri amakhalabe osokonezeka chifukwa cha zomwe zimachitika kapena zomwe angachite kuti asiye.

Pano pali zoyambira zomwe zingathandize:

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Mankhwala osokoneza bongo sayenera kukana

Pamene kachilombo ka HIV kamapezeka, sikuli ndi mtundu umodzi wokha wa HIV koma ali ndi dzimbiri la mitundu yosiyanasiyana yosiyana, iliyonse yosiyana ndi yotsatira.

Kugonjetsa mankhwala kumayambitsa pamene chilengedwe cha dothi la tizilombo kamasinthidwa. Pamene mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala owonjezera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amawonjezeredwa ku kusakaniza, mavairasi omwe amatha kukhala ndi moyo amakhala patsogolo kuposa omwe sangathe. Opulumuka ndi zomwe timazitcha kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

M'kupita kwanthawi, mavairasi otetezeka akhoza kukhala vuto lalikulu. Izi zimapezeka nthawi zambiri pamene mankhwala amaletsedwa kapena asokonezedwa, kulola mitundu yosagonjetsa kuti ipitirire ndikuwongolera.

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Mtundu wa Mtundu Wachilombo wa HIV uli ndi kachilombo ka HIV m'dongosolo lake lachilengedwe

Mu dziwe la mavairasi losatulutsidwa, kusiyana kwakukulu kumatchedwa mtundu wonyansa. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sitimayimitsidwa ndipo tikhoza kuonedwa kuti tili ndi kachilombo ka HIV. Chimodzimodzinso ndi "choyenera" ndipo chimatha kukhala pomwe ena sangathe.

Nthaŵi zambiri, kachilombo ka HIV kamakhala koyambirira pazinthu zina zonse. Ndi pokhapokha phukusi la tizilombo litatulukira mankhwala omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV komwe anthu amayamba kusintha.

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HIV imabwereza mwamsanga koma imayesedwa ku zolakwa

Ngati simunalandidwe, kachilombo ka HIV kamaphatikizira kwambiri, kutulutsa mavairasi atsopano 10 biliyoni tsiku lililonse. Koma, panthawi imodzimodziyo, kachilombo ka HIV kamangokhala zolakwika zokopera polemba. Mavairasi opangidwa ndi zolakwitsazi amatchedwa "kusintha."

"Kusinthika" sikukutanthauza "kusagonjetsedwa." Ambiri mwa iwo ndi osokonezeka omwe sangathe kudwala kapena kupulumuka.

Komabe, nthawi zina, kusintha kwasintha kumene kumatha kuchititsa maselo obwera m'madzi ndikukhalapo pamaso pa mankhwala opatsirana pogonana. Zosintha izi ndi zosagonjetsedwa ndi mankhwala.

Ngakhale kuti ali ochepa "oyenera" kuposa kachilombo ka mtundu wamtunduwu, kuthekera kwawo kuti apulumuke zotsatira za chithandizo cha kachirombo ka HIV kumawapatsa mwayi wabwino wotsalira osati kupulumuka kokha.

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Zosintha Zingayambitse Kulimbana ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo

Kukaniza mankhwala osokoneza bongo sikuchitika nthawi yomweyo. Amayamba pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi pamene anthu osagonjetsedwa akupitiriza kufotokozera ndikusintha zinthu zina.

Nthawi ndi nthawi, kusintha kwatsopano kosasintha kumakhala pamwamba pakale, kumapangitsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tiziyenda bwino. Pamene kusintha kotereku kumawongolera, kachilombo ka HIV kamatha kuchoka ku kachilombo koyambitsa matenda osagonjetsedwa.

Ngati mankhwalawa satha kuthetsa kachilombo ka HIV, mankhwalawa amalembedwa ndipo mankhwala osiyana adzafunika kuti athetse vutoli.

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Kukhala ndi HIV Yopewera Sitikutanthauza Kuti Mukulimbana

Kukanika kumayesedwa mu madigiri. Kusiyanasiyana kosagonjetseka kungakhale kosagonjetseka, mosagonjetseka, kapena kukhala ndi kachilombo kake ka HIV.

Kukhala ndi kusintha kosagwirizana sikukutanthauza kuti mankhwala anu adzalephera. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti mankhwala opatsirana pogonana ali ndi mankhwala atatu, omwe amatha kuletsa mitundu yambiri. Choncho, ngati mankhwala osokoneza bongo amatha kusokoneza mtundu wina, mankhwala ena otsala nthawi zambiri angathe.

Koma, kuchita zimenezi kumatanthauza kuti mumayenera kumwa mankhwala tsiku ndi tsiku. Kukhala ndi mipata mu chithandizo chanu kumangopatsa mitundu yosiyana yomwe ingapangidwe ndikuyambanso kupanga zowonjezereka, zomwe zingakhale zovulaza.

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Kukaniza Kungaperekedwe Kwa Anthu Ena

Ngakhale mutakhala kachilombo katsopano, n'zotheka kutenga kachilombo koyambitsa matenda kuchokera kwa munthu amene adakuchititsani. Ife timatchula izi kupewera kwapadera . Pakhala pali milandu, komwe munthu watsopanoyo walandira mankhwala osokoneza bongo amitundu yambiri ya kachilombo ka HIV.

Malingana ndi kafukufuku wochokera ku Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, pafupi ndi umodzi mwa magawo asanu ndi limodzi asanu ndi limodzi atsopano ku United States amaphatikizapo kukana kupatsirana kwa mankhwala amodzi kapena ma ARV.

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Kukaniza Kuyezetsa Kumathandizira Kusankha Mankhwala Oyenera

Kukaniza kuyesedwa ndi mtundu wa kuyesedwa kwa magazi komwe kumathandiza kuzindikira kuti ndi mankhwala ati a HIV omwe simukulimbana nawo ndi omwe mumakhala nawo. Amapereka dokotala chithunzi cha mitunduyo ndi magawo a mankhwala osokoneza bongo amene ali mkati mwa piritsi lanu.

Pochita izi, dokotala wanu akhoza kusankha kuphatikiza kwa mankhwala omwe amatha kuchiza matenda omwe mumakhala nawo.

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Kusamvetsetsana kosauka Kumapangitsa kachilombo kukhala Mpulumutsi

Kachilombo ka HIV kamatengedwa tsiku ndi tsiku kuti mutsimikizire kuti muli ndi mankhwala okwanira m'dongosolo lanu kuti muteteze kachilombo kosawerengeka . Iwo samapha tizilombo koma timalepheretsa kubwereza.

Ngati simugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala anu nthawi zonse, magulu a m'magazi ayamba kugwetsa ndikuloleza kuti kachilombo kaye kachiwiri kachiwiri. Ngakhale mankhwala atsopano ndi "okhululukirana" ndipo amalola mlingo womwe umasowapo, kusamalidwa kosalekeza kumakhalabe vuto lalikulu la mankhwala olephera.

Ndipotu, malinga ndi kafukufuku wochokera ku Yunivesite ya John Hopkins, anthu oposa 60 peresenti ya ku America omwe ali ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana amatha kukwaniritsa kapena kuonetsetsa kuti ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV

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Kukaniza Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Omodzi Kungakhudze Maphunziro Ambiri

Chifukwa kusintha kusintha kwa thupi (phenotype) ya kachilombo, kulimbana ndi kachilombo ka HIV kungakhale ndi mankhwala ena amodzimodzi. Timatchula izi ngati kutsutsana.

Ichi chinali chochitika chodziwika ndi mankhwala achikulire omwe ali ndi HIV monga Sustiva (efavirenz) ndi Viramune (nevirapine), onse omwe ali m'kalasi lomwelo la mankhwala osakhala nucleoside . Ngati mwakhala mukutsutsa, mwachitsanzo, ku Viramune (zomwe zingatheke mosavuta koma kusintha kamodzi), mukhoza kutaya Sustiva.

Ngakhale izi sizing'onozing'ono ndi mankhwala atsopano a antiretroviral, ndizosadabwitsa kuti mukulephera kusamalidwa ndi mankhwala ndikupeza kuti simunataye mankhwala amodzi kapena awiri koma gulu lonse la mankhwala.

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Kutsutsana Sizothandiza, Koma Ndi Kwamuyaya

Mukakhala ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda, mumakhala ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa. Ndipo, pamene kachilomboka kamadutsa kuchokera munthu mmodzi kupita ku yotsatira, ikhoza kupitirizabe kukana pa kukana.

Zotsatira zake, anthu omwe angotenga kachilombo ka HIV angapezeke ndi zochepa zochizira, pamene anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV angakhale osakwanitsa kuthetsa kupatsirana kwa kachirombo ka HIV ngakhale atagwiritsidwa ntchito mokwanira.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi njira zabwino zogonana ndizofunika kwambiri kuti musachepetse chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka HIV koma mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

> Zotsatira:

> Kim, D .; Ziebell, R .; Saduvala, N. et al. "Mchitidwe wogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo wa HIV-1 wotsutsa mankhwala ochepetsa kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a ARV: 10 malo owonetsetsa HIV, US, 2007-2010." Msonkhano wa 20 wa Retroviruses ndi Matenda Opondereza. March 3-6, 2013; Atlanta, Georgia, 149.

> McCarthy, S .; Hoffman, M .; Ferguson, L. et al. "Kusamalidwa kwa HIV kumatayika: zitsanzo, miyeso ndi kupita patsogolo." J Int AIDS Soc. 2015; 18 (1): 19395. DOI: 10.7448 / IAS.18.1.19395.