Matenda a urinary (UTI) ndi matenda omwe amatha kukhudza mbali iliyonse ya urinary system, kuphatikizapo impso, chikhodzodzo, ndi urethra (chubu yomwe umachokera mumtambo). Kuchita zachiwerewere ndi chinthu chofala, ngakhale kuti si chokhacho. Ngakhale amayi 60 pa 100 alionse adzapeza UTI. Amuna ndi ana akhoza kuthandizidwa.
Zizindikiro zimaphatikizapo kupweteka kwapakhosi, kuwonjezereka kofuna kukodza, kupweteka ndi kukodza, ndi magazi m'kodzo. Kugwedeza kawirikawiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsimikizira UTI ndi antibiotic amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda opatsirana.
Ngakhale kuti UTI ambiri sali ovuta, ena angapangitse kufooka kwa impso, mavuto okhudzidwa ndi mimba, ndi mavuto omwe angawopsyeze moyo wawo wotchedwa sepsis. Mwamwayi, ambiri amachiritsidwa bwino, ndipo njira zothandizira zingathandize kutetezera matenda amtsogolo.
Zizindikiro
Matenda a m'makona a m'midzi samayambitsa zizindikiro. Akamatero, amatha kugwiritsira ntchito tsamba lochepetsera mkodzo (urethra ndi chikhodzodzo) kapena impso. Zomwe zimaphatikizapo impso zimakhala zovuta kwambiri.
Zizindikiro za UTI zingaphatikizepo izi:
- Kulimbikira kulimbikira kukodza (kufulumira kwa mkodzo)
- Kupsa kapena kupweteka pamene mukukaka ( dysuria )
- Kupita kawirikawiri, mkodzo wawung'ono
- Kutentha kwa mkodzo (chifukwa cha pus mu mkodzo, kapena pyuria )
- Msuzi wofiira, wofiira, kapena wobiriwira (womwe umayambitsa magazi mu mkodzo, kapena hematuria )
- Mtsuko wamphamvu
- Kupweteka kwapachikazi kwa akazi
- Kutentha, kunyowa, ndi kusanza (kawirikawiri chifukwa cha matenda a impso)
Chizindikiro chofala kwambiri (ndipo nthawi zambiri) kwa ana aang'ono ndi malungo. Mofananamo, okalamba, zizindikiro zimakhala zosavuta komanso zosadziwika, monga kutopa kapena kusadziletsa.
Ngati simunayambe kuchitapo kanthu, UTI ikhoza kuwonetsa zovuta koma zovuta, monga matenda aakulu a impso ( pyelonephritis ), kuperewera kwa chiberekero cha mimba, kubereka, kapena kupha, thupi lonse lopweteka sepsis .
Zimayambitsa
Matenda a m'magulu amtunduwu amapezeka pamene mabakiteriya alowa mu urethra ndikupita ku chikhodzodzo ndi impso. Ngakhale chitetezo cha m'thupi chimatha kuchepetsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, pali zinthu zomwe zingathe kugwira ndi kuchulukitsa ku matenda opatsirana.
Chifukwa chachikulu cha UTIs ndikutumizirana mabakiteriya kuchokera kumtunda kapena kumaliseche kupita ku urethra. Pafupifupi 80 peresenti amayamba ndi mabakiteriya a E. coli omwe amapezeka m'matumbo kapena m'madzi. Zina, monga Staphylococcus saprophyticus, mwachibadwa zimapezeka muzimayi ndipo zingasamutsire ku urethra panthawi yogonana.
Zina mwazimene zimayambitsa ndi zoopsa :
- Matenda aakazi amachititsa amayi kukhala pangozi yaikulu chifukwa cha mtunda wautali kuchokera kumayambiriro kwa urethra mpaka chikhodzodzo.
- Akazi ogonana ali pachiopsezo chachikulu kusiyana ndi amayi omwe sali ogonana, omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chokwera ndi chiwerengero cha kugonana.
- Magazi angalimbikitse kukula kwa mabakiteriya a coliform monga E. coli.
- Mafuta a spermicidal angayambitse kutupa kwa kugonana.
- Ma prostate owonjezera kapena impso amatha kuchepetsa mkodzo ndikulola mabakiteriya mu chikhodzodzo kukhazikitsa matenda.
- Amuna osadulidwa akhoza kukhala ndi mabakiteriya owopsa pansi pa khungu.
- Matenda a shuga angapangitse mkodzo wosakaniza kuti mabakiteriya azidya.
- Kusamuka kwa thupi kumatha kusintha zomera zotetezera m'mimba.
- Catheters angayambitse matenda chifukwa cha ntchito yosakhala wosabala kapena yaitali.
- Kuwombera, ziphuphu, ndi zakumwa zachikazi zingachititse mabakiteriya kukhala ndi mwayi wopha.
- Maphunziro apamwamba angapangitsenso UTI, makamaka kwa atsikana komanso kwa anyamata osadulidwa.
Pali ngakhale matenda omwe angapangitse munthu kukhala ndi matenda a mkodzo.
Kudziwa
Anthu amene akhala ndi UTI asananene kuti amadziwa nthawi ina. Komabe, kuyesedwa ndi dokotala n'kofunikira musanayambe chithandizo kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti njokayo ndi yolondola.
Kuwonjezera pa kubwereza zizindikiro zanu, dokotala angagwiritse ntchito mayesero angapo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti athe kutsimikizira UTI:
- Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mkodzo kungayang'ane magazi, pus, shuga, ndi zina zosavuta mu mkodzo.
- Chikopa cha mkodzo chikhonza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti muzindikire vuto la bakiteriya mu mkodzo.
- Zithunzi zojambulidwa ndi maginito (MRI) kapena zojambula za tomography (CT) zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti zizindikire zovuta m'mbali mwa mkodzo.
- Kachilomboko, kamene kamasintha kambirimbiri kowonongeka , kakhoza kuikidwa mu urethra kuti muwone bwinobwino chikhodzodzo.
Mayeso oonjezereka akhoza kuchitidwa kuti awone ngati pangakhale zizindikiro zina za zizindikiro, kuphatikizapo matenda a yisiti , interstitial cystitis , kapena matenda opatsirana pogonana ngati gonorrhea kapena chlamydia (makamaka achinyamata).
Chithandizo
Matenda osakanikirana omwe amapezeka m'makinawa amachitiridwa ndi mankhwala ochepa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito:
- Trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX)
- Fosfomycin
- Nitrofurantoin
- Cephalexin
- Ceftriaxone
Malinga ndi kusankha kwa mankhwala ndi kuopsa kwa / kachilombo ka HIV, nthawi ya chithandizo ikhoza kukhala yochepa ngati masiku atatu kapena yotsiriza kuposa sabata. Matenda owopsa, monga omwe amakhudza impso, angafunike ma antibiotics ambiri omwe amatha kulankhula kapena am'kati.
UTIs opatsirana (UTI popanda zizindikilo) kawirikawiri sali kuchiritsidwa. Chinthu chokhacho ndi panthawi yomwe mayi ali ndi mimba yomwe mankhwala a antibiotic masiku asanu ndi awiri angachepetse chiopsezo cha kubereka komanso kubereka kochepa.
Ngakhale palibe njira zina zothandizira kuti mutha kuchiza UTI, zakudya zowonjezera ma vitamini C zingathandize kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi, pamene madzi a jerryberry osakaniza angathandize kuchimitsa kwa impso.
Kupewa
Ngakhale matenda opangira mkodzo ndi osowa, pali zinthu zomwe mungachite kuti kuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu. Zomwe zimaphatikizapo kusintha kwa ukhondo wanu ndi zizolowezi zogonana.
Cholinga chachikulu ndikupewa kuika tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'thupi lanu. Cholinga chachiwiri ndikuteteza thanzi lanu la umuna ndi kusatetezeka ku matenda.
Zina mwa njira zowonjezera zothandizira ndizo:
- Kumwa madzi ochuluka-magalasi asanu ndi atatu patsiku-kulimbikitsa ukhondo ndi umoyo wa impso
- Osasunga mkodzo mkati
- Kuyeretsa ziwalo zanu zisanayambe ndi kugonana; kukodza pambuyo pa kugonana kuti muthandize kuchotsa chigawo cha mkodzo
- Kugwiritsira ntchito makondomu
- Pewani mankhwala osamalidwa ndi mitsempha
- Kupukuta kutsogolo kutsogolo kuti musatengere mabakiteriya osakaniza kuchokera ku anus kupita kumaliseche
- Kuyeretsa tsiku ndi tsiku, ngati osadulidwa
- Kuvala zovala zapulotecheti zopumira mpweya kuti zithandize kuchepetsa chinyezi
Mawu Ochokera
Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamukonda ali ndi zizindikiro za UTI, pangani nthawi yoti muwone dokotala kapena ab / GYN kuchipatala. Kusiya matenda monga ichi chokha, ngakhale kuti ndi ofatsa, sichinthu chabwino. Kawirikawiri, izi zingayambitse matenda aakulu kwambiri omwe sangakhale ovuta kuchiza koma angapangitse chiwonongeko chosatha, chosasinthika.
Ngati mumayambitsa mankhwala oletsa antibiotic , musayime mofulumira-ngakhale zizindikiro zanu zikuwonekera. Kuchita zimenezi kungachititse kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
> Zotsatira:
> Badr. ndi Al-Shaikh, B. Kugonjetsedwa kwa Matenda a Uchiritso Amakono mwa Akazi: Kuwunika. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 2013: 359-67.
> Solomoni, C. Matenda a Amuna Okalamba Amuna Okalamba. N Engl J Med . 2016; 374: 562-571. DOI: 10.1056 / NEJMcp1503950.
> Schwartz, B. (2014) Matenda opatsirana pogonana. Mu: Levinson, W. eds. Ndemanga ya Medical Microbiology ndi Immunology, 13e . New York, NY: Maphunziro a McGraw-Hill.