Kutanthauzira Kutanthauzira Kupindula
Chimodzi mwa mayesero omwe amachitidwa kawirikawiri asanachitidwe opaleshoni kapena pa chipatala ndi urinalysis. Chiyesochi n'chofala kwambiri kuzipatala ndi maofesi a dokotala, monga momwe amagwiritsira ntchito kufufuza chimodzi mwa matenda omwe amapezeka kwambiri ku America: matenda opatsirana m'makina. Ngakhale kuti matendawa amachititsa kuti munthu asatenge kachilombo ka HIV, amachitanso kuti azindikire momwe ntchito impso zimagwirira ntchito - mbali yofunika kwambiri yowunika kupha munthu wodwalayo komanso kuonetsetsa kuti impso zikupitirizabe kugwira bwino ntchito itatha.
Kuyesa Kuyesedwa
Kuyezetsa magazi kumatengera chitsanzo cha mkodzo ndikuwunika zomwe zilipo komanso mankhwala. Ngakhale kuti kawirikawiri imachitidwa opaleshoni kuti mudziwe vuto lililonse la impso lomwe lingakhalepo, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa urinali kungatheke ku ofesi ya dokotala ngati matenda a impso, matenda a ubongo , kapena matenda ena akukayikira. Kugwedeza koyenera sikuyenera kusokonezedwa ndi kuyesera mankhwala a mkodzo, komwe kumayang'ana mkodzo kuti ugwiritse ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo posachedwapa.
Mawu akuti urinalysis ndi amodzi omwe amatanthauzira kuyesa mkodzo, koma pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mayesero omwe angathe kuchitidwa. Mtsinje ukhoza kufufuzidwa kuti mudziwe ngati munthuyo wagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo posachedwa.
Urinalysis sizowunikira, kutanthauza kuti zotsatira sizimadwala matenda, koma zimatha kutsogolera kuyesa kuti adziwe momwe vutolo lirili. Mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsira ntchito urinal sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito pozindikira matenda a shuga , koma ngati zotsatira ziwonetsa maulendo apamwamba kwambiri a shuga ndi ketone, mayesero a shuga angakhale sitepe yotsatira.
Kawirikawiri mayesowa ndi ofunika koyambitsa matenda a impso, ndipo kawirikawiri amatsogolera ku mayeso a magazi ndi mafano (monga CT scan) ngati akuganiza kuti impso zimakayikira.
Kupeza Chitsanzo cha Mtsinje
Mtsuko wa mkodzo ukhoza kusonkhanitsidwa ndi wodwala mwiniwake, kawirikawiri mwa kukodza mu chidebe chobisika, njira yotchedwa "nsomba zoyera." Kawirikawiri, wodwala akufunsidwa kuti ayambe kukodza, ndipo kamodzi kokha mtsinje ukuyamba ndipo masekondi ochepa oyamba a kutaya atayidwa, chitsanzocho chimasonkhanitsidwa.
Mutha kupatsidwa mankhwala oyeretsera musanayambe kusonkhanitsa. Izi zachitidwa kuti kuchepetse chiopsezo cha khungu lanu.
Ngati wodwala ali ndi catheter ya Foley , namwino amatha kusonkhanitsa nyembazo kuchoka kumtsuko musanayambe kukwera thumba.
Kulephera Kuyesera Gawo Loyamba: Kuwunika Kwambiri
Kuyang'ana mtundu ndi kufotokoza kwa chitsanzo cha mkodzo ndiko kuyesedwa koyamba kochitidwa. Chitsanzo cha mkodzo chimayang'aniridwa ndi mtundu, ndi "chikasu," "udzu," kapena "chopanda mtundu" kukhala wodalirika. Mitundu yodabwitsa imatheka: lalanje ikhoza kukhala ndi zotsatira za mankhwala, mankhwala ofiira ndi pinki angasonyeze kukhalapo kwa magazi, ndipo mdima wachikasu ungatanthauze kuchepa kwa madzi.
Kulephera Kuyesera Gawo Lachiwiri: Kuyesedwa kwa Mankhwala
pH: Kuyezetsa uku kumawoneka muyezo wa asidi mu mkodzo. Makhalidwe apamwamba kapena apansi angasonyeze vuto ndi impso.
Mphamvu Yamtundu Wathu: Gawoli la mayeso limasonyeza momwe mzere umayendera. Ngati wodwalayo ataya madzi, mwachitsanzo, mphamvu yokoka idzakhala yaikulu. Ngati munthuyo ali bwino kwambiri, zotsatira zake zochepa ziyembekezeredwa. Diabetes insipidus, momwe thupi limasinthira mkodzo waukulu, zidzatengera mphamvu yokopa kwambiri.
Mapuloteni: Kupeza mapuloteni mu mkodzo siwowoneka bwino. MaseĊµera okwera kwambiri angasonyeze vuto ndi ntchito ya impso.
Gulukosi: Kupeza shuga mu mkodzo sikovuta kupeza. Kawirikawiri, izi zimapezeka kwa odwala matenda a shuga, makamaka pamene matenda a shuga sakulamuliridwa.
Ketoni: Kupeza ketoni mu mkodzo sikovuta kupeza. Kawirikawiri, shuga ndi chifukwa cha ketoni mu mkodzo. Kupeza kwa ketoni kumayambitsa matenda a shuga, kapena kungasonyeze kufunikira kokhala ndi mphamvu ya shuga kwa wodwala matenda a shuga.
Leukocytes: Leukocyte ndi maselo oyera a magazi.
Ma leukocyte mu mkodzo amasonyeza kachilombo kameneka kapena kamene kalikonse kameneka m'matope.
Magazi: Kukhalapo kwa magazi mu mkodzo ndi kupeza kosadziwika. Sizingatheke kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa magazi popanda kuyesedwa kwina. Zowononga zimaphatikizapo matenda, kupsinjika mtima, miyala ya impso, khansara, opaleshoni pamalo amtundu wa matenda a impso, matenda a impso, kugwidwa ndi zipsyinjo za kuika kathete wamakono, ndi zifukwa zina zambiri.
hCG: Izi ndizoyezetsa mimba. Kwa odwala amuna, zotsatira zake zimakhala ngati "sizikugwira ntchito," pomwe akazi adzakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino kapena zoipa. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mkodzo kungakhale kosaphatikizapo kuyesedwa kwa mimba, malingana ndi momwe muyeso wamakono umayendera pa malo omwe mayesero amachitidwa ndi zomwe dokotala walamula.
Kulephera Kuyesera Gawo Lachitatu: Kuyeza kwa Microscopic
Chitsanzo chochepa cha mkodzo, makamaka madontho angapo, amaikidwa pazithunzi ndi kuyang'aniridwa ndi microscope. Izi zatsimikiziridwa ngati pali maselo mumtsinje omwe amasonyeza kukhalapo kwa magazi, matenda kapena kutayika.
Maselo Oyera a M'magazi (WBCs): Ochepa kapena omwe alibe WBC ayenera kupezeka mu mkodzo. Manambala ofunika kwambiri amasonyeza kupezeka kwa matenda.
Maselo Ofiira (RBC): Monga maselo oyera a magazi, ayenera kukhala ochepa kapena maselo ofiira a m'magazi omwe sapezeka.
Mphindi: Maselo a epithelial sayenera kukhalapo muchitsanzo cha mkodzo. Chomwe chimayambitsa maselo a epithelial mu chitsanzo ndi cholakwika chokwanira cha mkodzo, kutanthauza kuti specimen wosabala yayipitsidwa. Ngati kusokonezeka kumakhala kosavuta komanso maselo a epithelial amapezeka kachiyeso kachiwiri pamsampha wina wa mkodzo, kuyesetseranso kuyesedwa kudzafotokozera kukhalapo kwa maselowa.
Mabakiteriya: Kukhalapo kwa mabakiteriya kungasonyeze kuti ali ndi matenda kapena kuipitsidwa kwa nyembazo.
Zimapangitsa: Kutayidwa , komwe kungatchulidwe ngati kofiira, kofiira, kapena hyaline, kumawoneka ngati kakang'ono kakang'ono ka dzira kamene kamakonzedwa mu mkodzo. Kukhalapo kwa kutuluka sikuli kozolowereka ndipo kungakhale kochititsa chidwi pazinso za impso.
Zotsatira:
Kulimbana. Medline Plus. https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003579.htm