Kwa zaka zambiri tawona sopo ya antibacterial yogulitsidwa m'masitolo. Anayenera kukhala bwino kuposa sopo "nthawi zonse", kupha majeremusi omwe amatidwalitsa ndi kuteteza ku matenda. Kenako mwadzidzidzi uthengawo unasintha. Tsopano tiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito sopo nthawi zonse. Chinachitika ndi chiyani?
FDA ikugwira ntchito
Mu 2013, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) inapereka lamulo kwa opanga mankhwala ogwiritsira ntchito sopo, omwe amawauza kuti "apatseni deta zowonjezereka zokhudzana ndi chitetezo ndi mphamvu za zinthu zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinyalala zogulitsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. ngati akufuna kuti apitirizebe kugulitsira mankhwala oletsa antibacterial omwe ali ndi mankhwalawa.
Izi zinaphatikizapo deta kuchokera kumaphunziro azachipatala omwe amasonyeza kuti mankhwalawa anali apamwamba kwambiri kuposa zitsamba zosagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pofuna kuteteza matenda aumunthu kapena kuchepetsa matenda. "
Pofika mu September wa 2016, opanga sankatha kupereka umboni wakuti sopo antibacterial inapereka phindu lililonse pa sopo lomwe liribe mankhwala okhudzana ndi antibacterial. Panthawiyi, a FDA adatsimikiza kuti zoopsa ziposa phindu lopitirizabe kulola kuti mankhwalawa alowe m'manja ndi sopo ndipo amaweruza kuti ayenera kuchotsedwa pazidazi. Izi zinaphatikizapo ma antibacterial 19 omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi triclosan ndi triclocarban.
Vuto la Antibacterial Agents
Kwa zaka zambiri, opanga amanena kuti sopo antibacterial anali apamwamba kuposa sopo nthawi zonse chifukwa ankayenera kupha mabakiteriya pa khungu lanu osati kungosamba. Komabe, zotsatirazi zikupezeka kuti kafukufuku samabwereza zomwezo.
Kusamba m'manja ndi sopo momveka bwino kumagwiritsira ntchito sopo ya antibacterial. Kuonjezerapo, zitsulo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa sopo antibacterial zingayambitse kusintha kwa mahomoni ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo . Triclosan yathandizidwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa khansa ku maphunziro a nyama. Ngakhale palibe umboni woonekeratu wakuti kuchuluka kwa triclosan m'dzanja la sopo kungayambitse vuto la khansa ya munthu, zinyama zomwe zimawoneka kuti ndizowonjezera kwambiri zakhala zikupangitsa khansa kuwonjezeka.
Kusintha kwa mahomoni kungaphatikizepo kusintha kwa ntchito ya chithokomiro ndi zotsatira zina za endocrine.
Mabakiteriya amatsutsa kwambiri kuti mabakiteriya ambiri padziko lapansi lero ayamba kutsutsa ma antibiotic ambiri omwe alipo. Nthawi zonse mabakiteriya amadziwika ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo-kapena mankhwala omwe amakhala ngati mankhwala ophera tizilombo tochepa, akhoza kuthetsa kutsutsana nawo. Mabakiteriya "amawona" zomwe zikuyesera kuzipha kapena kuziletsa ndikumapangitsa kuthetsa izo. Kuphatikizapo izi zowonjezera mu sopo zingalole mabakiteriya omwe amakhalapo nthawi zonse padziko lapansi kuti ayambe kutsutsana ndi ma antibacterial awa ndi ena, kuwapangitsa kukhala olimba ndi ovuta kuchiritsa mtsogolomu.
Chifukwa cha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mopitirira muyeso ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo kwa anthu ambiri, sikuli kwanzeru kupitiriza kulola izi zowonjezera kuti ziphatike mu sopo lathu pamene sizikupindulitsa kwenikweni ndipo zingathe kuvulaza. Othandizira zaumoyo nthawi zonse ayenera kuyang'ana pangozi ndi phindu pamene akupanga chisankho. Malamulo omwewo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku thanzi labwino pamene ochita kafukufuku akupanga zisankho zokhudzana ndi mankhwala omwe "amadziwika kuti ndi otetezeka (GRAS)" ndi omwe sali.
Kodi N'chiyani Chimachitika Patsogolo?
Chakumapeto kwa 2017, triclosan, triclocarban, ndi ma antibacterial ena omwe akuphatikizidwa muletsedwe ayenera kuchotsedwa ku sopo. Kuletsedwa sikuphatikizapo mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito muzipatala, operekera m'manja kapena opukuta.
Zosakaniza zomwe zikugwiridwa ndi chigamulochi ndi izi:
- Cloflucarban
- Fluorosalan
- Hexachlorophene
- Hexylresorcinol
- Iodophors (Zophatikizapo za ayodini)
○ Iodin complex (ammonium ether sulfate ndi polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate)
○ Mankhwala a ayodini (phosphate ester ya alkylaryloxy polyethylene glycol)
○ Nonylphenoxypoly (ethyleneoxy) ethanoliodine
○ Poloxamida-iodini zovuta
○ Povidone-ayodini 5 mpaka 10 peresenti
○ Kuchuluka kwa mankhwala osakanikirana ndi ayodini
- Methylbenzethonium chloride
- Phenol (oposa 1.5 peresenti)
- Phenol (osachepera 1.5 peresenti)
- Sukulu yachiwiri
- Sodiumdium oxychlorosene
- Tribromsalan
- Triclocarban
- Triclosan
- Dayi katatu
Mankhwala operekera m'manja ndi opukutira amatha kukhala ndi mowa monga opangira mankhwala ndipo samagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza monga sopo ndi madzi. Ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamene sopo ndi madzi sizipezeka ndipo manja sali ooneka ngati wodetsedwa kapena wonyansa. Sopo ya antibacterial ndi mankhwala oyeretsera ogwiritsidwa ntchito m'zipatala sagwirizana ndi chigamulochi chifukwa ndizofunikira pamene majeremusi osagonjetsa ndi matenda akufala.
Zimene Mungachite
Kusamba m'manja ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yopezera matenda. Kusamba m'manja kumapangitsa kuti muthamangitse manja mukamagwirana manja, mugwiritseni sopo kuti mutulutse majeremusi ndikutsuka pansi pamadzi kuti muzisamba majeremusi.
Ndikofunika kuti tichite bwino. Anthu ambiri samasamba m'manja mokwanira kapena kwa nthawi yaitali. Phunzitsani ana anu-ndi inu nokha-kuyimba nyimbo ya "Tsiku Lokondwerera" kawiri mokweza kapena pamutu panu kuti mutsimikizire kuti mukutsuka kwa nthawi yaitali. Kusamba kwa masekondi makumi awiri ndi limodzi ndi zomwe akulimbikitsidwa ndi US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ndi World Health Organization (WHO).
Pewani mankhwala omwe amatchedwa antibacterial ngati mukugula sopo ndi kusamba thupi kunyumba kwanu. Kuopsa kwa matenda akuluakulu m'deralo ndi kochepa komanso kuopsa kwa kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa tsiku ndi tsiku kupambana phindu. Chifukwa chimodzi chomwe chidzapitirize kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu chipatala ndi zochitika zachipatala ndi chifukwa mabakiteriya ndi chiopsezo cha matenda ndi apamwamba kwambiri m'mapangidwe awo. Muzochitika izi, akukhulupirira kuti phindu limapambana zoopsa.
Pofuna kuthandizira kulimbana ndi ma antibiotic, mungathenso kutsimikiza kuti mumangotenga maantibayotiki pokhapokha mutakhala ofunikira ndikutsatira malangizo omwe mumapatsidwa mukamawafuna. Maantibayotiki samagwira ntchito mavairasi. Iwo sangakuthandizeni kuti mukhale bwinoko mofulumira ngati muli ndi chimfine , chimfine kapena matenda ambiri a khutu ndi matenda a sinus .
Onetsetsani sopo ndi kusamba thupi kumene mumagwiritsa ntchito kuti musakhale ndi zowonjezera izi. Ngati atero, fufuzani njira zina.
Mawu Ochokera
Zingakhale zokopa kupeza zogulitsa zomwe zimati zimapereka chitetezo kwambiri ku majeremusi m'deralo. Komabe, mabakiteriya ambiri ndi majeremusi ena omwe timakumana nawo tsiku ndi tsiku si owopsa. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe angatiike pangozi yaikulu m'tsogolomu sikoyenera kuwonetsera kuchuluka kwa chitetezo chomwe amati amatipatsa lero, makamaka popeza sayansi siyimangirira izi.
Sambani manja anu ndi sopo ndi madzi nthawi zonse ngati mukufunikira-musanayambe kudya kapena kukonzekera chakudya musanayambe, musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito chipinda chosambira kapena mutasintha chithunzi, musanakhudze nkhope yanu, mutatha kukhala pagulu komanso kumakhudza malo omwe munagawana nawo. Pamene mukuyang'ana zopangira zokonzera banja lanu, onetsetsani kuti mulibe zosakaniza zomwe zalembedwa pamwambapa.
> Zotsatira:
> Aiello AE, Larson EL, Levy SB. Sopo Antibacterial Sopo: Zochita Kapena Zowopsa? Clin Infect Dis . 2007; 45 (Supplement_2): S137-S147. lembani: 10.1086 / 519255.
> Commissioner O wa. Lengezani Zilengezo - Malamulo a FDA otsiriza pa chitetezo ndi mphamvu za sopo antibacterial. http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm517478.htm.
> Chitetezo ndi Mphamvu za Ogulitsa Antiseptics; Mankhwala Ogwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza Magazi Amagwiritsira Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo. Federal Register. https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2016/09/06/2016-21337/safety-and-effectiveness-of-consumer-antiseptics-topical-antimicrobial-drug-products-for.
> Zorrilla LM, Gibson EK, Jeffay SC, et al. Zotsatira za Triclosan pa Umberepa ndi Matenda a Chithokomiro ku Male Wistar Rats. Toxicol Sci . 2009; 107 (1): 56-64. lembani: 10.1093 / toxsci / kfn225.