Kuyesera Kukhala Wabwino Kwambiri Padziko Lonse
Kodi makolo angachite chiyani ngati sakudziwa ngati angagwiritse ntchito njira yokhayokha kapena amangolemba chinenero ndi mwana wawo wogontha? Amatha kugwiritsa ntchito kuyankhulana kwathunthu ndikupeza phindu la onse awiri.
Kodi Chiyanjano Chake N'chiyani?
Kulankhulana konse kumagwiritsa ntchito njira iliyonse yolankhulirana - chinenero chamanja, mawu, zolemba zala, zolemba, kukulitsa, kulemba, manja, zithunzi zojambula (zithunzi).
Chilankhulo cha manja chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyankhulana kwathunthu ndi chogwirizana kwambiri ndi Chingerezi. Filosofi ya kulankhulana kwathunthu ndikuti njirayi iyenera kukonzedwa kwa mwanayo, mmalo mwa njira ina yozungulira. Chinthu china chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse kuti chiyanjano chathunthu chiyanjane ndi kulankhulana palimodzi, kotchedwa sim-com.
Kulankhulana konse kumatsimikizira kuti njira yolankhulirana ingafunikire kusintha malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili. Nthawi zina kusaina ndi njira yoyenera yogwiritsira ntchito, ngakhale panthawi zina, ikhoza kuyankhula. Nthawi zina, kulemba kungakhale njira yabwino kwambiri yogwiritsira ntchito.
Ngakhale sukulu / mapulogalamu ena ogontha amagwiritsira ntchito ASL ndi Chingelezi, mapulogalamu ochuluka a maphunziro a ogontha amagwiritsa ntchito kulankhulana kwathunthu. (Pulogalamu yanga yomwe ana anga amapita imagwiritsa ntchito kuyankhulana kwathunthu.) Lingaliro ndilo kuti kugwiritsira ntchito kuyankhulana kwathunthu kumapangitsa kuti "mwanayo wogontha" azikhala movutikira kwambiri, yemwe ali womasuka kupanga malingaliro oyankhulana (ngakhale mwanayo akalimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito onse awiri kulankhula ndi chinenero chamanja).
Ubwino wa Kuyankhulana Kwawo
Makolo ena ndi aphunzitsi amakonda kulankhulana kwathunthu monga nsomba-zonse zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti mwana wogontha amatha kupeza njira yolankhulirana (kulankhula momveka, kapena kulemba zofunikira).
Mwachitsanzo, mwana wosamva amene sangathe kulankhulana mwamlomo amalandira chithandizo chowonjezera cha chinenero chamanja, ndipo mosiyana.
Kugwiritsira ntchito kuyankhulana kwathunthu kungachepetse kukakamiza kuti makolo asankhe njira imodzi pa wina.
Kafukufukuyu anayerekeza ana 147 omwe ali ndi mapulogalamu olankhulana ndi omveka omwe amagwiritsira ntchito mapiritsi a cochlear . Kafukufukuyu anayerekeza mawu omveka bwino komanso omveka bwino a ana, olankhulidwa kapena olembedwa. Zotsatira zinasonyeza kuti anawo amakula ngakhale kuti anali ndi ndondomeko yotani - kuyankhula kapena kulankhulana kwathunthu.
Zotsatirazo zinasonyezanso kuti ophunzira onse oyankhulana akuchita bwino pazifukwa zina. Ophunzira onse oyankhula ndi omveka omwe adatha kumvetsetsa amatha kumvetsa pamene adalankhulidwa. Komabe, mwa ana omwe adalandira mapiritsi awo osapitirira zaka zisanu, ophunzira onse omwe amatha kulankhulana amatha kumvetsetsa bwino pamene akulankhulana ndi ophunzira olankhula. Kuonjezera apo, ophunzira onse oyankhulana ali ndi zifukwa zabwino pachinenero cholankhula bwino pamene adayikidwa kale.
Kuipa kwa Kuyankhulana Konse
Kuopsa kogwiritsa ntchito kuyankhulana kwathunthu m'kalasi ndiko kuti alangizi angagwiritse ntchito mosagwirizana. Komanso, kuyankhulana kwathunthu sikungakwaniritse zosowa za oyankhulira ophunzira onse m'kalasi. Izi zingakhudze momwe maphunziro apamwamba amaphunzitsira ndi ophunzira osamva.
Vuto lina lomwe lingatheke ndikuti kulankhulana kwathunthu kungapangitse luso loyankhula bwino. Izi zidatchulidwa mu kafukufuku wochitidwa ndi ochita kafukufuku wamkati. Kuphunzira kwawo kunafanizira ophunzira pa mapulogalamu onse olankhulana ndi ophunzira mu mapulogalamu okha. Kafukufuku wawo adapeza kuti ophunzira m'mapulogalamu apamtima adalankhula mawu omveka bwino kuposa ophunzira onse oyankhulana.
Mabuku pa Kuyankhulana Konse
Mabuku ambiri okhudza kuyankhulana ndi kuphunzitsa ana ogontha ndi omvera akuphatikizapo mutu wokhudzana ndi kuyankhulana. Mabuku omwe ali kokha kulankhulana kwathunthu amawoneka kuti ndi ochepa mu chiwerengero.
Zikuphatikizapo:
- "Kulumikizana Kwambiri: Maonekedwe ndi Njira" ndi Lionel Evans
- "Kuyankhulana Kwadongosolo: Cholinga Chothandiza Kupititsa Patsogolo Maphunziro kwa Ana Osamva" ndi Jim Pahz
Chifukwa Chimene Makolo Amasankha Kuyankhulana Kwawo
Makolo omwe amagwiritsa ntchito tsamba ili anapereka chifukwa ichi chifukwa amasankha kulankhulana kwathunthu:
"Tinasankha kulankhulana kwathunthu kwa ana athu awiri - amavala zothandizira kumvetsera ." Sukulu yawo inagwiritsa ntchito [kusayina chimodzimodzi chilankhulo] ndi mawu, kotero panalibe vuto kuti iwo asamvetse chilankhulocho. chilankhulo komanso zonsezi powerenga.
"Tikuyembekeza kuti adziphunzira ku ASL kusukulu ya sekondale ndi / kapena ku koleji, koma ali aang'ono, tinali otsimikiza kwambiri kuti ali ndi maziko olimba m'chinenero chomwe angakhale akugwira ntchito mwa akatswiri awo komanso miyoyo yaumwini kwa moyo wawo wonse.
"Kuphunzira Chingelezi monga chinenero chawo kunathandiza kuti asadalire ndi munthu yemwe amadziwa kuti ASL akhala pafupi kuti amvetse zomwe zikuchitika kuzungulira iwo.Ndipo tinkamva kuti maziko olimba mu Chingerezi adzawathandiza kupeza kukwaniritsa ntchito monga akuluakulu; tikuganiza kuti adzalandira kulankhulana kwapadera kuposa anthu ambiri, choncho zinkakhala zomveka kuti tiwonetsetse kuti ali bwino mu Chingerezi momwe angakhalire! "
Zotsatira:
Connor, Carol McDonald, Sara Hieber, H. Alexander Arts, ndi Teresa A. Zwolan. Kulankhula, Masewera, ndi Maphunziro a Ana Pogwiritsa Ntchito Zopangira Zokongoletsera Kapena Zowonongeka Zonse? Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research Vol.43 1185-1204 October 2000.
Kuphunzitsa Ana Amene Ali Osamva Kapena Ovuta Kumva: Onse Kulumikizana. ERIC Digest # 559. (ED414677)
Jones, Thomas W. Ophunzira a Maphunziro a Maphunziro Ophunzira. Mapepala omwe amaperekedwa pamsonkhano wapachaka wa Association of College Educators - Osamva ndi Omvera (23, Santa Fe, NM, March 7-10, 1997) (ED406775)