Mu November 2015, CDC inalengeza kuti, mu 2014, chiwerengero cha autism pakati pa ana chinawonjezeka chaka chimodzi kuchokera 1:68 mpaka 1:45 ana.
Malingana ndi Washington Post: Lipoti lochokera ku Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and National Center for Health Statistics likusonyeza kuti kuchuluka kwa autism kwa ana a zaka zapakati pa 3 mpaka 17 kunapita pafupifupi 80 peresenti kuyambira 2011-2013 mpaka 2014. M'malo mwa 1 80 (kapena 1,25 peresenti), ana omwe ali ndi autism - nambala yomwe yawopsyeza akuluakulu a zaumoyo m'boma m'zaka zaposachedwa ndi kusokoneza zipangizo za boma ndi sukulu - ofufuza tsopano akuganiza kuti kuchulukira tsopano kuli 1 pa 45 (kapena 2.24 peresenti).
Zotsatira zochititsa mantha izi zinachokera kufukufuku wa CDC yemwe wasinthidwa chaka chatha. Kodi kusintha kumeneku kwachititsa kuti kuwonjezereka kwadzidzidzi, osati kwenikweni, kukule? Lipoti la CDC, lotchedwa Estimated Prevalence of Autism ndi Other Developmental Disability Pambuyo pa Mafunsowa Kusinthidwa mu 2014 National Health Interview Survey, ikusonyeza kuti izi zikhoza kukhala choncho. Kufufuza kumeneku sikunangosintha kokha, koma zotsatira zonse za kafukufukuyo sizinali zolemba zachipatala kapena sukulu, koma za mayankho a makolo - zomwe sizingakhale zolondola.
Zotsatira zina zochititsa chidwi zomwe anapeza kuchokera mu kafukufukuyu zikuphatikizapo kuzindikira kuti ana ambiri omwe ali ndi autism amachokera kwa makolo omwe ali olemera, oyera, ophunzitsidwa bwino, omwe amakhala mumzinda waukulu. Ngakhale kuti phunziroli silikunena zoona, maphunziro apeza kuti zaka za makolo zimakhudza chiopsezo cha autism.
Mfundo izi zimasonyeza kuti chikhalidwe kapena chikhalidwe cha anthu chikhoza kukhalapo pakudziwitsa komanso / kapena kuganizira.
Kuphunzira ku Danish chakale kuyang'ana funso lomwe linatsimikiziridwa kuti: Kusintha kwa machitidwe opereka malipoti kukhoza kufotokoza zambiri (60 peresenti) za kuwonjezeka kwa kuwonjezeka kwa ASD kwa ana obadwa kuyambira 1980 mpaka 1991 ku Denmark. Choncho, phunziroli limagwirizana ndi mfundo yakuti kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa ma ASD m'zaka zaposachedwapa kumakhala kwakukulu chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kayendetsedwe ka malipoti.
Koma mbali ina, palibe kukayikira kuti ana ambiri akuwoneka kuti ali ndi matenda a autism. Ofufuza ena amanena kuti nkhaniyi sikuti nambala ikukula koma kuti anthu ambiri akudziwa bwino -ndipo nambala yeniyeni ikuwonekera.
Kotero ... kodi autism ikukwera? Ndipo, ngati izo ziri ^ bwanji?
Kodi ndichifukwa ninji magetsi a Autism ayamba kugwedezeka:
Autism poyamba inafotokozedwa ngati vuto lapadera m'ma 1940. Izi zinafotokozedwa ndi Dr. Leo Kanner, ndipo anaphatikizapo ana omwe ali ndi zovuta zomwe zimafotokozedwa lero monga "zoopsa" kapena "level 3" autism spectrum disorder.
Mpaka 1990, autism sankaphatikizidwa mulamulo pofuna kutsimikizira maphunziro kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zilema. Mu 1990, anthu atsopano omwe ali ndi Disability Education Act adawonjezera autism ku mndandandanda wa magulu a ana ndi achinyamata omwe adagwiritsidwa ntchito. Lamulo latsopanoli linaphatikizapo mautumiki othandizira kusintha ndi makina othandizira pazomwe akufunikira. Autism anali asanayambe kufufuzidwa ngati chiwerengero cha maphunziro asanathe chaka cha 1990. Kuyambira 1990, chiwerengero cha autism m'masukulu chidawonjezeka kwambiri.
Mu 1991, kufunsa kwa Autism Diagnostic Interview inafalitsidwa. Ichi chinali chida choyamba chodziwikiratu chodziŵira autism.
Mu 1992, American Psychiatric Association inamasula Buku Lophatikiza ndi Kufufuza (DSM-IV), lomwe linapangitsa kuti matenda a autistic ayambe kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Autism inakhala vuto la masewera; makamaka, zinakhala zotheka kuti munthu akhale autistic kapena mildly autistic. Matenda atsopano, kuphatikizapo "kuthamanga" kwa Asperger syndrome ndi PDD-NOS , "anagwira ntchito zonse".
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1990, ndi zida zatsopano zogwiritsira ntchito matenda, zizindikiro za autism zinayamba kukula. Pa zaka 10 pakati pa 1993 ndi 2003, chiwerengero cha ana a ku America omwe ali ndi matenda a autism anakula ndiposa 800%.
Pakati pa 2000 ndi 2010, nambala yapita kuyambira 1: 150 mpaka 1:68.
N'chifukwa Chiyani Autism Yapezeka Yovuta?
Mwachiwonekere, pali masukulu awiri akuganiza pa nkhaniyi. Kumbali imodzi ndi iwo omwe amati kusintha kwa zizindikiro zoganizira, kuphatikiza ndi ziwerengero zatsopano za sukulu ndi kuwonjezereka kuzindikira za autism zonse zinachititsa mliri wooneka (koma osati weniweni). Nthano imeneyi ilidi yolondola - kwazing'ono - koma pamene ikhonza kufotokoza kuchuluka kwa kuchulukitsa sikungathe kufotokozera kuwonjezereka kwakukulu.
Koma, ena omwe amanena kuti chinthu china chakunja chachititsa kuwonjezeka kwenikweni kwa chiwerengero cha anthu omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zomwe zimapezeka ndi autism. Pali ziphunzitso zambiri zosiyana ndi zomwe zili kunjazi - ndipo (ndithudi) n'zotheka kugwirizanitsa kuwonjezereka kwa mankhwala a autism ndi kuwonjezeka kwa zinthu zina zambiri kuchokera ku kugwiritsa ntchito foni mpaka GMO kuti agwiritse ntchito katemera. Ngakhale kuti ena mwa mgwirizanowu amawoneka ngati opanda pake, ena adakopeka chidwi chochokera kwa ofufuza.
Kodi Kufufuza kwa Autism Kukupitirirabe?
Funsoli lidali mlengalenga, makamaka tsopano kuti kufotokozera ndi zofunikira zoganizira kuti autism zasintha (ndi buku la DSM-5 la 2013). Pali malingaliro osiyanasiyana omwe angakwaniritsidwe ndi zatsopano. Akatswiri ena amayembekezera kuchepa kwa matenda a autism tsopano kuti Asperger syndrome ndi PDD-NOS sichipezeka ngati "zovuta zonse". Ena amayembekezera kuwonjezeka, popeza kuzindikira ndi ntchito zikupita patsogolo. Deta yatsopanoyi imapereka kuzindikira - koma momveka bwino, pali malingaliro ambiri pazowona ndi zothandiza!
Zotsatira
- Kuwerengera kwakukulu kwa Autism ndi Kulemala Kwina Kukula Potsatira Mafunso Akusintha mu 2014 Health Health Survey,
- CDC Factsheet pa Autism
- Mbiri ya Dipatimenti ya Maphunziro a IDEA
- Hansen SN, Schendel DE, Parner ET. Kufotokozera Zowonjezera pa Kukula kwa Matenda a Autism: Maola Amene Amawoneka Kusintha kwa Zomwe Zikufotokozera. JAMA Wachipatala. 2015; 169 (1): 56-62. lembani: 10.1001 / jamapediatrics.2014.1893.
- Suresh, Arvind. Autism imapangitsa chisamaliro kuthetsedwa: Ayi, sizitemera katemera, GMOs glyphosate-kapena zakudya zakuthupi. Pulogalamu ya January 9, 2015, Project Project.