Ogontha ndi Ogwiritsa Ntchito Ena Osalankhula a Chinenero Chamanja
Sikuti amangokhala osamva komanso omvera ana omwe amagwiritsa ntchito chinenero chamanja. Gawo lina lalikulu la ogwiritsira ntchito chinenero cha manja likukumva ana osalankhula omwe sagwirizana ndi zinthu monga matenda, matenda, ubongo, matenda, ubongo, kapena matenda. Kwa makolo, chinenero chamanja chimapereka njira yolankhulirana mwamsanga, makamaka kwa iwo amene amatha kukhala ndifupikitsa kapena ochepa kwambiri.
Kapena zikhoza kukhala chida cha chitukuko cha chinenero musanayambe kulankhula chinenero. Kwa ana, ndi njira yodzifotokozera okha kuti asakhumudwitse.
Aphasia
Aphasia ndi vuto lalikulu la kulankhula. Ndilo vuto limene kupweteka kwa ubongo kapena ubongo kumapangitsa munthu kusalankhula. Chilankhulo cha manja chingakhale chithandizo cholankhulana kwa anthu omwe ali ndi afesiya. Zina mwazinthu:
- "Kupeza chinenero chamanja kumalowera kumanzere kumanzere ndi kuphasia," nkhani yochokera ku Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, voliyumu 12, nambala 1.
- "Neural Basis ya kayendedwe ka chinenero ndi magalimoto: Zochitika kuchokera ku Chinenero Chamanja cha ku America," nkhani yochokera ku Aphasiology, vol. 6 nambala 3.
- "Chilankhulo cha manja ndi ubongo: apes, apraxia, ndi apassia," nkhani yochokera ku Beivioral and Brain Sciences, voliyumu 19, nambala4, Dec 1996.
Autism
Chilankhulo cha manja chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chida cholankhulana ndi ana omwe ali ndi autism .
Nkhani yokhudza chinenero cha manja pa webusaiti ya Autism.org imalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito Signed Exact English (ONANI) ndi ana autistic kulimbikitsa chitukuko cha mawu.
Cerebral Palsy
Ena akumva ana omwe ali ndi ubongo waumphawi sangathe kulankhula chifukwa ubongo waumphawi umatanthawuza kuti sangathe kulamulira ziwalo za thupi zomwe zimafunikira poyankhula.
Chilankhulo cha manja chimapereka njira zina zowonetsera.
Down Syndrome
Zimene makolo ndi ana omwe ali ndi Down Syndrome pogwiritsa ntchito chinenero chamanja zimasiyanasiyana. Makolo ena omwe ali ndi ana omwe ali ndi Down Syndrome amapeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito chinenero chamanja kumachepetsa chilimbikitso cha ana kulankhula, monga kulemba ndi kosavuta kwa iwo. Ena apeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito chinenero chamanja kumalimbikitsa chitukuko mwa ana awo omwe ali ndi Down Syndrome ndipo ana amasiya zizindikiro pamene akuphunzira kulankhula. Mabuku ena ndi nkhani zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chinenero chamanja ndi ana omwe ali ndi Downs:
- Kugwiritsa Ntchito Chiyanjano Choyambirira Mmene Mbale Amaganizira Pogwiritsa Ntchito Chinenero Chamanja ndi Ana Aang'ono Omwe Ali ndi Down Syndrome (buku)
- Zofuna pa maphunziro ndi anthu osamva zinafalitsa nkhani yokhudza kugwiritsa ntchito chinenero chamanja ndi mwana wosamva yemwe ali ndi Down Syndrome, "Inde, Amatha Chilankhulo ndi Wophunzira wa Down Syndrome," m'magazini ya January-February 1999.
- Makolo Odziwika anafalitsa nkhani yakuti "Lowani Kuti Ukhale Wopambana" mu December 2002. M'nkhaniyi, kholo la mwana yemwe ali ndi matenda a Down syndrome amafotokoza chinenero cha mwana wake kupyolera mu chinenero chamanja.
- Nthawi zambiri chinenero chamanja chimakambidwa ndi ophunzira omwe ali m'magulu a zokambirana za matenda. Zitsanzo ndi bit.listserv.down-syn ndi Yahoo gulu lower_syndrome.
Idasinthidwa pa October 12, 2006