Imodzi mwa mitundu yofala kwambiri ya matenda, matenda opatsirana m'makina (UTIs), amapezeka pamene zamoyo zoopsa zimalowa m'kamwa. Ngakhale zamoyozi zingakhale ndi bowa ndi mavairasi, ambiri a UTI amayamba chifukwa cha mabakiteriya.
Thupi lanu limathetsa mabakiteriyawa musanayambe kuwonetsa zizindikiro, koma zoopsa zomwe zimakhalapo chifukwa cha kugonana ndi matenda opatsirana angayambe kukhala ndi mwayi wokhala ndi kachilombo ka HIV.
Zomwe Zimayambitsa Ndi Zowopsa
Ngakhale UTI ikhoza kuchitika mu gawo lililonse la urinary system (kuphatikizapo chikhodzodzo, impso, ureters, ndi urethra), ambiri a UTI amakhudza chikhodzodzo ndi urethra (mwachitsanzo, tsamba locheka la mkodzo). Escherichia coli , Klebsiella pneumoniae , ndi Proteus mirabilis ndi ena mwa mabakiteriya omwe amagwirizanitsidwa ndi UTIs.
Gender
Chifukwa cha zinthu zina zomwe zimachitika, amayi amakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha UTIs (poyerekeza ndi amuna). Izi ndi chifukwa amayi amakhala ndifupipafupi, omwe amalola mabakiteriya kuti afike ndikusakaniza chikhodzodzo mosavuta. Choonjezera, kutsegula kwa urethra kwa amayi ndiko kuyandikira kwambiri kwa rectum, kumene mabakiteriya omwe amachititsa UTI amadziwika kukhala.
Mimba
Chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mimba m'matope, UTI ingakhale yowonjezereka panthawi ya mimba (makamaka kuyambira sabata 6 mpaka sabata 24). Zimanenedwa kuti kukula kwakukulu ndi kulemera kwake kwa chiberekero kungateteze mkodzo wathunthu kuchokera mkodzo, zomwe zingapangitse amayi apakati kuti akhale OTI.
Kusamba kwa nthawi
Azimayi amene adutsa kusamba kwa thupi akhoza kukhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chotengera matenda a mkodzo, mwina chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mavitamini komwe kungakhudze mabakiteriya opindulitsa omwe amatha kulimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'kamwa.
Zochitika zaumoyo
Matenda angapo odwala ambiri angapangitse UTI ngozi.
Izi zimaphatikizapo zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga (monga shuga ), zomwe zingalepheretse thupi lanu kuthetsa mabakiteriya. Matenda okhudzana ndi zaka zapitazi monga matenda a Alzheimers angapangitse ku UTI ngozi, chifukwa akhoza kusokoneza ukhondo.
Kuwonjezera pamenepo, anthu otsatirawa akhoza kukhala ndi matenda opatsirana m'makina:
- omwe ali ndi chingwe cha msana kapena kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha kuzungulira chikhodzodzo, chomwe chingaletse kutaya kwathunthu kwa chikhodzodzo
- omwe ali ndi impso miyala, prostate yowonjezereka, kapena vuto lina lililonse limene limachepetsa mkodzo wabwino komanso amalimbikitsa kukula kwa bakiteriya
- omwe ali ndi reflux (vesipoureteral reflux) (VUR) kapena zovuta zina za katemera
- omwe adagwiritsira ntchito kathete wamakono posachedwapa
- omwe ali ndi chizolowezi chosadziletsa
Genetics
Kafukufuku wina akufufuzira amasonyeza kuti maumuna angayambitse matendawa. Mu lipoti la 2011 lomwe linafalitsidwa mu nyuzipepala ya Nature Reviews: Mwachitsanzo, Urology , asayansi amanena kuti kusintha kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma chitetezo cha chitetezo cha mthupi kungakhudze kuopsa kwa UTIs kapena kuteteza kupewa matenda. Komabe, kafufuzidwe kafukufuku amafunika kuti mthupi lanu lisagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Zochitika Zowopsa Kwamoyo
Zinthu zambiri zomwe zimakhala ndi moyo zingathandize kuti matenda a mkodzo akhale opatsirana.
Ntchito Yogonana
Zochitika zogonana ndi chimodzi mwazofala kwambiri za moyo zomwe zingayambitse HIV, makamaka kwa amayi. Zili kuganiza kuti kugonana kungatengere mabakiteriya kuchokera ku ziwalo zoberekera ndi anus mu urethra ndipo, kumapeto pake, kumayambitsa matenda.
Kwa amuna, kugonana kosatetezeka kwa amayi omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV kungapangitse ngozi za UTI.
Kugonjetsa
Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mitundu ina ya kulera (monga diaphragms kapena spermicide) kungayambitsenso UTI ngozi kwa amayi.
Ukhondo waumwini
Makhalidwe angapo oyeretsa amaonedwa kuti ndi oopsa kwa UTI. Zizolowezi izi ndizo:
- kugwiritsa ntchito ma doucha ndi azitsamba zachikazi kapena zopanga
- Kupukuta kumbuyo kutsogolo musanayambe kapena kusuntha, makamaka kwa amayi
- Kusunga mkodzo kwa nthawi yosazolowereka (ie "kuigwira")
- nthawi yambiri yosasunthika (monga kupulumuka kuvulala kapena matenda)
> Zotsatira:
> Mitsinje yamaluwa AL, Walker JN, Caparon M, Hultgren SJ. "Matenda opatsirana m'thupi mwawo: matenda a epidemiology, njira za matenda ndi chithandizo cha mankhwala." Nat Rev Microbiol. 2015 May; 13 (5): 269-84.
> Moore EE, Hawes SE, Scholes D, Boyko EJ, Hughes JP, Fihn SD. "Kugonana komanso kugwidwa ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana kumayambiriro a amayi amasiye." J Gen Intern Med. 2008 May; 23 (5): 595-9.
> National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. "Matenda a Chikhodzodzo (Urinary Tract Infection-UTI) mwa Achikulire." March 2017.
> Ragnarsdóttir B, Lutay N, Grönberg-Hernandez J, Köves B, Svanborg C. "Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda opatsirana mwathu ndi UTI." Nat Rev Urol. 2011 Jul 12; 8 (8): 449-68.
> National Library of Medicine. "Matenda a Mipata ya Urinary (UTI)."