Mfundo zofunika pa khansara yamapapo zingakhale zodabwitsa komanso zodabwitsa. Anthu ambiri amadabwa kumva nkhani yeniyeni yokhudzana ndi kansa ya m'mapapo, ngakhale manyazi, komanso kusowa ndalama chifukwa cha manyazi, wasiya khansara yamapiko pambuyo pofufuza kufikira zaka zaposachedwapa. Tiyeni tione zina mwa ziwerengero, komanso mfundo zina zosangalatsa zomwe simukuzidziwa.
Matenda a kusintha kwa khansa ndi kusintha
Chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a kansa kwa amuna ndi akazi ku United States, kansa ya m'mapapo imapha anthu ambiri chaka chilichonse kuposa kansa ya m'mawere , khansara ya prostate , ndi khansa yamtundu umodzi . Mu 2016, akuti azimayi 117,920 ndi amayi 106,470 adzapezeka ndi matendawa.
Nthawi yowopsa ya moyo wa khansa ya m'mapapo ndi 1 pa 13 kwa amuna, ndipo 1 mwa 16 aliwonse azimayi. Ngakhale khansara yamapapu imapezeka achinyamata komanso ngakhale ana, a zaka zapakati pa matendawa ndi zaka 71.
Chodabwitsa ichi apa ndikuti khansara yamapapo imachepa ndi kuwonjezeka. Ikuchepa, mwachidziwikire, mwa amuna, pamene ikukwera pakati pa amuna. Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, komabe khansara yamapapo ikukula mwachinyamata , makamaka achinyamata omwe sanasute konse.
Khansa Yam'mimba Imakwera mwa Anthu Osasuta
Kusuta ndikowopseza khansa ya m'mapapo, koma pakalipano, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi kansa ya m'mapapo sakusuta.
Kwachilendo, opitirira 50 peresenti ya khansa ya m'mapapo imapezeka anthu omwe kale anali osuta. Kuonjezera apo, amayi 20 pa 100 aliwonse ndi amodzi mwa amuna khumi ndi awiri omwe amakhala ndi khansa ya m'mapapo sakhala akusuta ndudu imodzi.
Zaka zaposachedwapa, chiwerengero cha khansa ya m'mapapo mwa osuta fodya yakula.
Zimayambitsa
Amadziwika kuti kusuta ndiko chifukwa chachikulu cha khansa ya m'mapapo, chomwe chimayambitsa 80 mpaka 90 peresenti ya milandu.
Sitikudziwika bwino kuti kuwonetsa radon m'nyumba mwathu ndikumayambitsa khansa ya m'mapapo komanso chifukwa chachikulu chomwe sichimasuta.
Radon imayambitsa khansa ya m'mapapo pafupifupi 8 kuposa utsi wambiri, ndipo omwe ali pachiopsezo chachikulu ndi omwe amathera nthawi yochuluka m'nyumba: akazi ndi ana.
Kuchita ntchito pa ntchito ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri, chowerengera 27 peresenti ya khansa ya m'mapapo mwa amuna. Matenda ena a khansa ya m'mapapo amawoneka ngati akuwotcha utsi ndi mpweya.
Zizindikiro
Zizindikiro zofala za kansa ya m'mapapo zimaphatikizapo chifuwa chimene sichichoka kapena kukakamira magazi. Komabe, pa 25 peresenti ya anthu, palibe zizindikiro. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za khansara zamapapu nthawi zambiri zimalakwitsa chifukwa cha vuto linalake, monga matenda a mapapu, kupweteka, kapena kupweteka kwa minofu pamapewa, kumbuyo kapena pachifuwa. Ena angathenso kuwatsutsa kuti ndi "kusintha" komwe kumachitika ndi ukalamba kapena kupondereza.
Chochititsa chidwi - chimodzi chokha chochititsa chidwi kuti chikhoza kusintha kusiyana ndi kupulumutsa miyoyo - ndizakuti zizindikiro za khansa yamapapo nthawi zambiri zimasiyana ndi akazi kuposa amuna, komanso zizindikiro za khansa ya m'mapapo mwa osuta fodya Nthawi zambiri amasiyana ndi anthu omwe amasuta.
Zindikirani komanso zizindikiro za khansa ya m'mapapo mwa osuta fodya nthawi zambiri zimasiyana ndi anthu omwe amasuta. Mwachizoloŵezi, kusuta kunali kovuta kutichititsa khansa ya m'mapapo yomwe imamera pafupi ndi maulendo akuluakulu, choncho imayambitsa kukopa ndi kukakamira magazi. Mtundu wochuluka wa khansa ya m'mapapo mwa amayi ndi osasuta - lung adenocarcinoma - umakula kumadera akutali a mapapo. M'dera lino, zizindikiro zoyamba nthawi zambiri zimakhala zochepa kupuma ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kutopa kwathunthu.
Zopulumuka Zilipo Kupititsa patsogolo
Chiwerengero cha khansa ya m'mapapo ya zaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zitatu (18%) koma chikukula ngakhale kwa anthu omwe ali ndi khansara ya m'mapapo.
Khansara ya m'mapapo ikamenyedwa kumayambiriro koyambirira, chiwerengero cha kupulumuka ndipamwamba kwambiri. Kuwonetsetsa khansa ya m'magazi tsopano ikupezeka kwa omwe asuta kale, ndipo aliyense yemwe ali ndi mbiri ya kusuta ayenera kulankhula kwa adokotala, ngakhale atasiya kusuta zaka khumi zapitazo.
Zotsatira:
Maofesi a Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. Mawerengedwe a Khansa Yam'mimba. Kusinthidwa 03/23/16. http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/lung/statistics/
National Cancer Institute. Kusanthula Epidemiology ndi Kutsiriza zotsatira. SEER Stat Fact Sheets: Mafuta a Khansa Bronchus. https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/lungb.html#kumangika-kumwalira