Matenda Opsompsona
Ngati munamvapo za "mono," ndiye mukudziwa "matenda opsompsona" amodzi. Mononucleosis (mono) mwina ndi imodzi mwa matenda odziwika bwino kwambiri pakati pa achinyamata. Ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri amadziwa kuti angathe kutenga matenda opatsirana pogonana , pali matenda ambiri omwe angafalitsidwe mwa kungopsompsona okha.
Matenda opatsirana mu Saliva
Matenda opatsirana angathe kufalikira kudzera m'mabuku ambiri opatsirana. Kutumiza kwapakhomo kumatanthawuza kufalikira kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kudzera m'matumbo kapena kugawana zakudya ndi zakumwa. Munthu akawononga mwachangu zinthu zoipitsidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, monga phula panthawi yopsompsona, chizoloŵezi chomeza cha lilime chimafafaniza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kumbuyo kwa mmero, kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tilowe m'thupi. Matendawa, monga mononucleosis oyambitsa matenda a Epstein-Barr (EBV), ndi cytomegalovirus (CMV) , ndi zitsanzo za matenda omwe amafalitsidwa kudzera m'kamwa pamatumbo.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ena omwe timayambira pamatumbo timatero tikamamatirira mkatikati mwa masaya ndi pakamwa, lilime, kapena mano. Chitsanzo ndi bakiteriya Streptococcus , zomwe zingayambitse matenda osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo matenda a gamu ndi strep throat .
Chinthu chofunika kukumbukira ndi chakuti mapulaneti a mphuno (mphuno, pakamwa, ndi mmero) amapitilira ndipo amapangidwa ndi zida zofanana.
Chotsatira chake, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amapezeka m'matumbowa amapezeka m'madera ena a mphuno ya kupuma, kuphatikizapo mphuno ndi mmero. Choncho, ngakhale chimfine ndi chimfine (ndi matenda ena opuma) zingathe kufalikira pamatumbo.
Matenda Opatsirana Kuchokera M'milomo
Matenda ena omwe amachititsa zilonda m'kamwa angathenso kufalikira kupyolera mwa kupsyopsyona.
Izi zimaphatikizapo zilonda zozizira ndi dzanja, phazi, ndi matenda a pakamwa.
Zilonda zozizira zimayamba ndi kachilombo ka herpes , kawirikawiri kachilombo ka herpes simplex-1 (HSV-1). Ngakhale zili choncho, izi ndi zosiyana ndi kachilombo ka herpes simplex-2 (HSV-2), yomwe nthawi zambiri imagwirizanitsa ndi ziwalo zoberekera. Mosiyana ndi matenda opatsirana kudzera m'matumbo, HSV-1 imafalikira kudzera m'milonda yotseguka pamilomo kapena pafupi ndi pakamwa. Ngakhale kuti matendawa akuwopsa kudzera m'magulu onse a zilonda zoziziritsa, matendawa amawopsa makamaka pamene zilonda zimatseguka komanso zimatuluka madzi.
Manja, phazi, ndi pakamwa, chifukwa cha matenda a Coxsackie , ndi matenda ena opatsirana omwe amafalitsidwa kudzera m'milonda yotseguka pakamwa. Ichi ndi mtundu wa enterovirus , womwe ndi matenda omwe amakhala ndi mavuto ambiri omwe tonsefe timawonekera. Matendawa amapezeka mwa ana, makamaka omwe amasungidwa tsiku ndi tsiku kapena masewera oyambirira. Amakula makamaka kudzera mumsewu wamakamwa . Izi zimatanthawuza kuti zimapezeka m'madzimadzi ndipo zimafalitsidwa pakamwa pamene anthu osambitsanso manja atasintha kapena kusinthasintha.
Mosiyana ndi zilonda zozizira ndi mabakiteriya a coxsackievirus, zilonda zakutchire sizili ndi matenda opatsirana ndipo sizikhoza kufalikira pampaka kapena kumpsompsona.
HIV ndi Hepatitis B mu Saliva
HIV ndi kachirombo ka hepatitis B (HBV) ndi matenda opatsirana mwazi komanso matenda opatsirana pogonana omwe apezeka m'matumbo. Kupsompsona ndi, makamaka, osati chiopsezo chotenga HIV. Zingakhale pangozi ngati magazi amapezeka kapena zilonda zotseguka zinalipo.
Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kupatsirana kwa kachilombo ka hepatitis B kudzera m'matumbo kwalembedwa, ngakhale kuti matendawa amafala chifukwa chogonana kapena magazi.
Pakalipano, mitundu ina ya chiwindi cha chiwindi si yokhudzana ndi kupsyopsyona. Hepatitis A imakhala ndi maonekedwe enaake (omwe angaphatikizepo madzi owonongeka kapena anilingus) ndi hepatitis C kumafuna magazi.
Choncho, n'zotheka kuti matenda a chiwindi A kapena C akhoza kupitsidwanso mwa kupsyopsyona ngati pali zilonda zotseguka kapena otsala pazamwa, koma zosayembekezereka.
Njira Zochitetezera Zachilengedwe Zachilengedwe M'makamwa
Saliva ali ndi gawo la kuyeretsedwa kwa chirengedwe, loperekedwa ndi ntchito yake yoyeretsa. Njira zina zowononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'thupili zimaphatikizapo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (monga lysozyme), komanso mavitamini abwino omwe amachititsa kuti mabakiteriya "oipa" akule. Muli ndi mavairasi osiyanasiyana m'thupi lanu nthawi zina, kuphatikizapo pakamwa panu.
Kufalikira kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kudzera m'matumbo kungatheke pamene kuteteza kwa chilengedwe kumachepa. Mwachitsanzo, matenda a chingamu amatha kukhala ndi anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la vitamini C. Kuthamanga, chifukwa cha matenda a candida (yisiti), zimakhala zovuta kuchitika mwa anthu omwe akhala akumwa maantibayotiki.
> Chitsime:
> Aronson MD, Wokhululukira PG. Maambukomiro a Mononucleosis mwa Achikulire ndi Achinyamata. Mu: UpToDate. Mitty J (Mkonzi.).
> Chiwindi cha hepatitis B Mafunso okhudza Heath Professional. Maofesi a Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hbv/hbvfaq.htm#treatment.
> Kutumiza HIV. Maofesi a Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/transmission.html.