Tone, yomwe imadziwikanso ngati mawu ake, imatanthauzira kutalika kwake ndi kamvekedwe ka mitsuko yamagazi ikadzakhululukidwa. Mitsempha yonse ndi mitsempha imasonyeza kulemera kwa minofu yomwe imakhudza kamvekedwe ka chotengera.
Mphuno ya Vascular imasiyanasiyana pakati pa ziwalo zosiyana. Mphuno ya mapulaneti ikhoza kukhala yosiyana ndi ya kacononic system.
Mitsempha ya mitsempha ya mitsempha ndi mitsempha imasonyeza momwe mtima umagwirira ntchito kupopera magazi mthupi lonse. Ngati palibe mankhwala omwe amatsitsa m'mitsempha, mtima umatha kupopera bwino, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima. Pamwamba pa kukana ndi mitsempha ya magazi, mtima umakhala wovuta kupopera, ndipamene chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima.
Kukaniza kwakukulu kumenyana motsutsana ndi makoma a ameri kumatchedwa kuti kuthamanga kwa magazi kapena matenda oopsa . Kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakhala koopsa, pakapita nthawi, kuwononga makoma a mitsempha yambiri, monga aorta ndi carotids, komanso tizilombo ting'onoting'ono, ubongo, mitsempha ndi mitsempha yambiri. Kuthamanga kwa magazi kumapangitsa mtima kukhala wovuta kupopera magazi m'thupi lonse.
Kupsyinjika kwa magazi kumawerengedwa kawiri, nambala yaikulu ndi systolic ndipo nambala yapansi ndi diastolic . Mapanga a kukakamizidwa kwa magazi ndi awa:
- Zachibadwa: Oposa 120 oposa 80 (120/80)
- Kuthamanga kwa thupi: 120-139 kupitirira 80-89
- Gawo 1 Kuthamanga kwa magazi: 140-159 kupitirira 90-99
- Gawo lachiwopsezo chachiwiri: 160 ndi pamwamba pa 100 ndi pamwamba
Kwa anthu a zaka zapakati pa 60 ndi pamwamba, kuwerenga kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi kuli 150 ndi pamwamba pa 90 ndi pamwamba.
Mavuto a Kuthamanga Kwambiri
Kulephera kutetezeka kwa magazi kumayambitsa mitsempha kuti ikhale yopapatiza, yowuma komanso yopanda nzeru.
Chotsatira chake, mtima uyenera kugwira ntchito mwamphamvu kuti ugwiritse magazi mwa thupi. Izi zingachititse kudwala, kupweteka kwa mtima, ndi mtima kulephera. Kulephera kwa mtima kungawononge impso, kuyambitsa mavuto ndi masomphenya, ndikukhudzidwa kukumbukira.
Kuchiza kwa Kuthamanga kwa Mthupi
Cholinga chake ndi kubweretsa magazi kwa mlingo wosakwana 140/90 mmHg. Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda aakulu monga shuga kapena matenda a impso ayenera kuyesetsa kukwaniritsa cholinga chosakwana 130/80 mmHg. Odwala ena amafunikira mankhwala ambiri.
Mankhwala omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito kuti afike povomerezedwa ndi magazi akuphatikizapo:
- Thiazide-type diuretics
- ACE inhibitors
- Angiotensin II receptor blockers
- Ophwanya Beta
- Makanema a calcium
- Renin inhibitors
Mankhwala othandizira kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi kumalo ovomerezeka adzadziwika ndi dokotala.
Kuchepetsa Kuthamanga Kwambiri Kwambiri ndi Kusintha Moyo
Pochita nawo ntchito yowasamalira, odwala angathandize kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi pochita zotsatirazi:
- Kutaya thupi
- Kudya zipatso zambiri, ndiwo zamasamba
- Kudya mkaka wa mafuta ochepa
- Kuchepetsa msinkhu wa kudya sodium
- Kuchita nthawi zonse
- Kudula mowa
- Kusiya kusuta
Mankhwala amayenera kutengedwa nthawi zonse ndipo odwala sayenera kudumpha mlingo.