Kugonana Pambuyo pa Khansa Yam'mimba Yafalikira
Mwina funso lofala kwambiri lomwe timapemphedwa ndilo: "Kodi moyo wa khansa yamapapu 4 umakhala wotani?" Osati mwadzidzidzi, kuyambira 40 peresenti ya anthu ayamba kupita patsogolo mpaka siteji 4 panthawi yomwe amapezeka. Koma musanayankhe funsolo, ndikofunika kuti mufotokoze pang'ono za yankho lake-yankho la chiwerengero-likuchokera.
Zosiyanasiyana Zomwe Zimakhudza Kuteteza Khansa ya M'magazi
Gawo lachisanu cha moyo wa khansa ya m'mapapo likhoza kusiyana kwambiri pakati pa anthu osiyanasiyana.
Zina mwazinthu izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Mtundu wa khansara wamapapu ndi malo - Khansara ya m'magazi ya Stage 4 imaphatikizapo mitundu yambiri ya khansa yamapapu ndipo imakhala ndi khansa yomwe yafalikira kudera lina lakutali kapena lomwe lafalitsidwa kwambiri. Kupulumuka kungathenso kuthandizidwa ndi maonekedwe a chiwindi , omwe ali ndi khansa yomwe imakhala ndi "kusintha," monga khansa ya m'mapapo ya ALK , kusintha kwa ROS1 , ndi kusintha kwa EGFR , pokhala ndi mwayi wotsatira njira zatsopano zothandizira khansa ya m'mapapo .
- Zaka zanu - Achinyamata amayamba kukhala moyo wautali kuposa anthu achikulire omwe ali ndi khansara yamapapo. ( Khansara ya khansa yachinyamata ndi yosiyana m'njira zosiyanasiyana.)
- Zogonana Zanu - Kuyembekezera kwa moyo kwa mkazi yemwe ali ndi khansara yamapapo ndi wapamwamba pa gawo lililonse la khansa ya m'mapapo.
- Kukhala ndi thanzi labwino pa nthawi ya matenda - Kukhala ndi thanzi labwino pa nthawi ya kufotokozera kumakhala ndi moyo wautali, komanso kuthekera kwakukulu kolimbana ndi mankhwala omwe angapitirize kukhala ndi moyo.
- Momwe mumayankhira ndi mankhwala - Zotsatira za mankhwala monga chemotherapy , opaleshoni, mankhwala ochiritsira , immunotherapy, ndi mankhwala othandizira mazira amasiyana pakati pa anthu osiyanasiyana ndipo zingachepetse kupirira kwanu.
- Matenda ena omwe mungakhale nawo - Matenda monga emphysema angachepe msinkhu wa khansa ya m'mapapo 4.
- Mavuto a khansara yamapapo - Zovuta monga magazi amatha kuchepetsa moyo wa khansa ya m'mapapo 4.
- Pamene khansara ya mapapu yafalikira - Khansara yowononga imatha kufalikira pafupifupi dera lililonse la thupi, koma nthawi zambiri imafalikira ku ubongo, mafupa, chiwindi, ndi adrenal glands. Monga tafotokozera m'munsimu, pamene ma khungu angapo a m'mapapo a kansa a metastase kapena a metastases alipo, nthawi zina chithandizo ndi cholinga cha kupulumuka kwa nthawi yaitali.
Ziwerengero
Kuwonjezera pa kusiyana pakati pa anthu osiyana, ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti mawerengero kawirikawiri amachokera kwa anthu omwe amachitira zaka zingapo. Mwachitsanzo, chiwerengero chaposachedwapa cha khansa ya m'mapapo kuyambira chaka cha 2015 chimachokera kwa anthu omwe ali ndi khansara yamapapo pakati pa 2007 ndi 2011. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, mankhwala atsopano aloledwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi khansara yamapapu, ndipo ambiri akuchiritsidwa m'mayesero a kachipatala.
Izi zinati, gawo lapakati lachisanu (4) laling'ono laling'ono la khansa la mapapu (nthawi yomwe 50 peresenti ya odwala ali moyo ndipo 50 peresenti yapita) ili pafupi miyezi isanu ndi itatu yokha. Zomwe zimakhalapo zaka zisanu-ndiko kuti, peresenti ya anthu omwe akuyembekezere kukhala ndi moyo zaka zisanu pambuyo pozindikira kuti ali ndi kansa ya m'mapapo 4, ndizochepa chabe.
Ngakhale kuti chiwerengerochi chikumveka chochepa, pali anthu ambiri omwe amakhala opulumuka nthawi yayitali pa kansa ya mapapo 4. Pamsonkhano wa 2016 WOPHUNZIRA ku Washington, DC (gulu labwino la opulumutsidwa ndi khansa ya m'mapapo kuti aliyense athe kukhala gawo la), zithunzi zatsimikiziranso osati gulu lokha la opulumuka khansa ya m'mapapo 300 omwe akudwala khansa yamapapo, koma nambala ya chiwerengero chawiri gulu la anthu omwe apulumuka kachilombo ka HIV kwa zaka 10. Kumbukirani: Inu simuli nambala. Pali chiyembekezo, ndipo si chiyembekezo chonyenga.
Kusamalira Khansa Yam'mimba Yofala (Gawo 4)
Chinthu chotsiriza ndichofunika kukumbukira.
Ngakhale khansara ya mapapo 4 yamapapu nthawi zambiri imachira, imatha kuchiritsidwa. Mankhwalawa sangangowonjezera moyo koma amathandizanso zizindikiro za khansa ya m'mapapo.
Kwa anthu ena, chivomerezo cha mankhwala awiri a immunotherapy mu 2015 (ndi mankhwala ena m'gululi akuyesedwa mu mayesero amachilombo) amasonyeza kuti kwa anthu ena, kuthetsa kwa nthawi yaitali matendawa kwa anthu ena omwe ali ndi khansara yamapapu ingakhale yotheka. Kwa anthu omwe amatha kusintha kusintha, kusintha kwa mankhwala atsopano pamene matendawa amakhala osagwira mtima amasonyeza kuti kwa anthu ena, khansara yamapapu yambiri imatha kudwala matenda aakulu, monga matenda a shuga m'tsogolomu.
Kupitanso patsogolo kwa khansara yamapapu yomwe yafalikira ndi chithandizo cha "oligometastases." Mwachitsanzo, ngati m'modzi kapena m'modzi-masastases alipo, mu ubongo kapena chiwindi, njira monga stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT ) ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuthetsa metastases. Njira imeneyi yakhala ikupangitsa kuti anthu ena apitirize kukhala ndi moyo kwa nthawi yayitali ndi khansa ya m'mapapo .
Kodi Mungatani Kuti Mukhale ndi Moyo Wopulumuka?
Pambuyo pa zaka zambiri zapang'onopang'ono pochizira khansa ya m'mapapo, zosankha zothandizira ndi kusamalira chisamaliro cha khansa yamapapo zawonjezeka. Izi zikutanthawuza kuti ndizovuta kwa wina aliyense-ngakhale wa oncologist yemwe amadziwika kwambiri ndi khansa-kudziwa zonse zatsopano komanso kuyesedwa kwachipatala padziko lapansi.
Kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti anthu omwe amaphunzira zambiri za khansara yawo ndi kukhala ovomerezeka awo pa chisamaliro chawo cha khansa akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatira zabwino. Njira yabwino yopezera chithandizo koma kudziwa za chitukuko chaposachedwapa cha mankhwala ndikutenga nawo gulu la thandizo la khansa yamapapo kapena gulu lothandizira . Hashtag ya magulu awa ndi #LCSM, yomwe imayimira khansa ya m'mapapo. Kuwonjezera apo, mabungwe angapo a khansa yamapapo aphatikizana palimodzi kuti apereke chithandizo chaulere choyesa kuchipatala kwa omwe amakhala ndi khansa ya m'mapapo.
Tengani kamphindi kuti muwone nsonga izi pa kudziteteza nokhala ngati wodwala khansa ngati mukukhala ndi khansa yamapapo nokha kapena mukukumana ndi khansa ya m'mapapo limodzi ndi wokondedwa wanu.
> Zotsatira:
> American Cancer Society. Zolemba ndi Zachidule za Khansa 2015. Atlanta: American Cancer Society; 2015. https://www.cancer.org/content/dam/cancer-org/research/cancer-facts-and-statistics/annual-cancer-facts-and-figures/2015/cancer-facts-and-figures- 2015.pdf .
> American Cancer Society. Khansa Yam'mimba (Cell Osati Small. Chiwongola dzanja
> National Cancer Institute. Nkhalango Yopanda Kulimbana ndi Cell (PDQ). Mgwirizano wa Vuto lachinayi lopanda khansa. https://www.cancer.gov/types/lung/hp/non-small-cell-lung-treatment-pdq#section/all.