Mitundu ya chizungulire imasiyana mosiyanasiyana
Chizungulire ndi vuto lalikulu. Kaŵirikaŵiri osati, zimayambitsidwa ndi matenda kapena matenda amene amachiritsidwa mosavuta kapena amadzipangira okha. Nthawi zina, chizungulire chingakhale chizindikiro chakuti chinachake choopsa kapena choopsa. Pozindikira mtundu wa chizungulire chomwe munthu akukumana nawo, madokotala amatha kufotokoza zomwe zimayambitsa zisanayambe kukhala vuto.
Mitundu ya Chizungulire
Chizunguzi ndi mawu omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pofotokoza zochitika zosiyanasiyana zosiyana, zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana kapena ziwalo zosiyanasiyana. Mwa kufotokoza zokhudzidwa izi, mukhoza kupereka dokotala njira zopezera matenda ndikuyamba kufufuza.
Chizungulire chingathe kufotokozedwa motere:
- Presyncope ndi "kumverera pamutu." Uku ndikumverera komwe mungakumane nazo ngati mukuimirira mofulumira kwambiri. Nthawi zina, mukhoza kutsekemera, kumverera bwino, kapena kutuluka (zomwe zimatchedwanso syncope ). Presyncope imachitika chifukwa cha kuletsedwa kwa magazi ku ubongo. Zingayambidwe ndi chinthu chophweka monga kusamwa madzi okwanira kapena matenda aakulu a mtima.
Disequalabrium ikukumva "kuchoka muyeso." Ichi ndikumverera kwa kusakhoza kukhalabe wongwiro, nthawi zambiri kuyang'ana mbali imodzi. Ngati ziwoneka mwadzidzidzi, zingayambitsidwe ndi zina monga zovuta monga matenda a khutu kapena zoopsa monga matenda a ubongo. Ngati zizindikiro zikupita pang'onopang'ono, zikhoza kukhala zotsatira za matenda osokoneza bongo monga Parkinson kapena matenda a systemic (thupi lonse) omwe amachititsa dongosolo la mitsempha.
Vertigo ndi pamene chirichonse chiri "kuyendayenda m'magulu." Ndikumverera komweko komwe muli nako ngati mwangoyenda mofulumira mofulumira. Vertigo ikhoza kuyambitsidwa ndi vuto lamkati la khutu, lomwe limayambitsa phokoso lozungulira. Ndichotsatira cha vuto la brainstem (lomwe limayendetsa kusamalitsa ndi mgwirizano) limatchedwa central vertigo . Zifukwa zimatha kuphatikizapo poizoni, matenda osokoneza bongo (monga impso kulephera), multiple sclerosis , ndi stroke. Masomphenya awiri, kukhumudwa, kufooka, kufooka, kuthamanga kwa nkhope, kapena kuvutika kumeza kungathenso kumbuyo.
Chizungulire chosafunika kwenikweni ndi "kumverera mwachidwi." Pachifukwa ichi, mawu akuti chizungulire angagwiritsidwe ntchito pofotokoza chizindikiro chimene simungathe kuyikapo chala chanu, monga kutopa kapena kusokonezeka. Zingaphatikizepo "kutuluka kwa thupi" kumverera komwe mungakhale nako mutayamba mankhwala atsopano. Nthawi zina, kutengeka kungakhale kwachilengedwe.
Chizungulire ngati Chizindikiro cha Matenda Oopsa
Pafupifupi anthu 8 miliyoni amachezera madokotala awo chaka chilichonse chifukwa cha chizungulire chosadziwika. Nthawi zambiri, chifukwa chake chidzakhala chophweka ndipo chimafuna kuchepa pang'ono kapena popanda mankhwala. Nthawi zina, chizungulire chingakhale chizindikiro chenichenjezo cha vuto lalikulu kapena loopsya.
Zina mwazovuta kwambiri zokhudzana ndi chizungulire:
- Kusagwiritsidwa ntchito kwazomwekugwiritsidwa ntchito kumagwiritsa ntchito mawu oti kuchepa kwa magazi kudutse ku ubongo. Izi zikachitika, munthu akhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro za vertigo yomwe imapitirira bwino. Ngati magazi amachepetsedwa kwa kanthaŵi kochepa, angayambitse kusokonezeka kwa ischemic (nthawi zina amatchedwa "mini-stroke"). Ngati chiletsocho chikutalika, chingathe kuwononga ubongo ndi kuwonongeka kwa ubongo.
- Matenda a Brainstem angathenso kumatsogolera. Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ndi lababythitis, mtundu wa matenda omwe amabweretsa kutupa kumutu wamkati. Zina, matenda opatsirana kwambiri ndi Cryptococcus (matenda opatsirana omwe amapezeka nthawi zambiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi kachirombo ka HIV) kapena mabakiteriya omwe amawoneka ngati chifuwa chachikulu kapena Listeria . Mavairasi monga herpes zoster angayambitsenso chizungulire mwakumenyetsa mitsempha ya nkhope yanu pafupi ndi khutu lanu.
- Matenda a mtima nthawi zambiri amagwirizanitsidwa ndi chizungulidwe chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa magazi ku ubongo. Kulimbana ndi matenda a mtima kumachepetsa mphamvu ya mtima yopopera magazi mwachangu motsutsana ndi kukopa kwa mphamvu yokoka. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake kuimirira mwamsanga kungayambitse presyncope mwa anthu ena. Chikondi cha mtima (zovuta za mtima) nthawi zambiri zimatha kuchita chimodzimodzi.
- Matenda a endocrine ndi osowa koma amadziwika kuti amatulutsa mahomoni omwe angakuchititseni kudzimva. Chitsanzo chimodzi ndi insulinoma, chotupa chomwe chimayambitsa mahomoni omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu omwe ali ndi shuga kuti athetse shuga la magazi. Ngati zambiri zimatulutsidwa, shuga wamagazi amatha kukhala ochepetsetsa kwambiri kuti azitha kuzungulira, kufooka, ndi kusokonezeka. Mtundu wina, wotchedwa pheochromocytoma , umatulutsa mahomoni omwe amachititsa kuti magazi aziwonjezereka ndipo zingayambitse matenda ozunguza bongo.
- Guillain-Barré ndi matenda omwe amachititsa kuti chitetezo cha thupi chiteteze chitetezo cha mthupi. Guillain-Barré akhoza kuyamba chifukwa cha bakiteriya kapena mavairasi oopsa. Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimayamba ngati zofooka ndikukweza mapazi ndi miyendo yomwe imafalikira pang'onopang'ono ku thupi. Kusagwedezeka n'kofala pamene matendawa akupita patsogolo. Kulira ziwalo nthawi zina kumachitika.
- Matenda a Wernicke (WE) amayamba chifukwa cha kusowa kwa thiamine (vitamini B1). Anthu omwe tili ndi WE angakhale ndi mavuto oyendetsa maso awo komanso kukhalabe olimba poyenda. Komanso, akhoza kukumbukira mavuto omwe angakhale osasinthika pokhapokha atapatsidwa vitamini mwamsanga. Zizindikiro zambiri zidzakula mofulumira ngati zofooka za thiamine zimachiritsidwa msanga.
Mawu Ochokera
Mukawona dokotala za zizindikiro za chizungulire, khalani momveka bwino momwe mungathere pofotokozera zomwe mukukumana nazo. Onetsetsani kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza mankhwala aliwonse amene mungakhale nawo, olembedwa kapena ayi, kapena kusintha komwe mungapange pa zakudya zanu, moyo wanu, kumwa mowa, kapena pulogalamu ya ntchito. Mukamadziwika bwino kwambiri za zizindikiro zomwe mukukumana nazo, zikhoza kuchitidwa mosavuta.
Zotsatira:
> Ropper, A .; Samuels, M .; ndi Klein, J. Adams ndi Victor's Principles of Neurology (Gulu la 10). New York: Hill ya McGraw, 2014; ISBN-10: 007179474.
> Rubin, D. ndi Cheshire, W. Kuunika kwa 'Chizungulire' mu Ofesi ya Neurology. Masemina mu Neurology . 2011; 31 (1): 029-041.