Listeria monocytogenes ndi mabakiteriya omwe angawononge chakudya, ndipo ali ndi udindo wa maulendo 1,600 a listeriosis (matenda a Listeria ) chaka chilichonse ku United States.
Listeria nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'nthaka komanso pamtunda wa zinyama zambiri, chifukwa chake n'zosavuta kuti chakudya chikhale choipitsidwa.
Ngakhale kuphika zakudya zoyenera komanso kuperekera zakudya zingathe kupha mabakiteriya a Listeria , omwe sangathandize pa zakudya zowonongeka monga cantaloupe, zomwe mabakiteriya amatha kulowa mkati mwa chipatsocho.
Matenda ambiri omwe amapezeka poizoni amatha kupewa njira yopezera chakudya, kuphatikizapo kusamba m'manja, kulekanitsa zakudya kuti asasokonezane, kuphika zakudya ndi kutentha, komanso zakudya za firiji mkati mwa maola awiri.
Listeria Zizindikiro
Anthu akhoza kukhala ndi listeriosis masiku 21 mpaka 30 mutatha kudya chodetsedwa ndi Listeria . Komabe, mwa anthu ena, nthawi yophatikizira imeneyi ikhoza kukhala yayitali, kufikira masiku 70.
Mosiyana ndi zina zomwe zimayambitsa poizoni, monga Salmonella ndi E. coli, omwe amachititsa kuti zizindikiro za m'mimba zikhale zochepa, monga kutsekula m'mimba ndi kusanza, zizindikiro za Listeria zingakhale zovuta kwambiri.
Kuwonjezera pa kutsekula m'mimba, zizindikiro zoopsa za Listeria zingaphatikizepo zizindikiro ngati chimfine monga fever ndi minofu, ndi mutu. Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mphamvu yoziteteza ku chitetezo cha mthupi, palinso chiopsezo chokhala ndi khosi lolimba, chisokonezo, kuchepa, komanso kupweteka (kupweteka) chifukwa cha matenda a magazi kapena meningoencephalitis.
Azimayi akhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro zofatsa ngati chimfine ngati ali ndi Listeria , komabe matendawa amatha kubereka, kuperewera kwa amayi, kusabereka msanga, kapena matenda opatsirana mwa mwana wakhanda. Ndicho chifukwa chake amayi oyembekezera nthawi zambiri amachenjezedwa kuti asadye zakudya zoopsa zomwe zingasokonezeke ndi mabakiteriya a Listeria .
Mwamwayi, listeriosis ndi yachilendo kwa ana ena wathanzi.
Listeria Outbreaks
Kuphulika kwa Listeria kwa 2011 komwe kunagwirizanitsidwa ndi Rocky Ford cantaloupes ku Jensen Farms kunasamala kwambiri, chifukwa kudalumikizidwa kwa osachepera 139 odwala m'mayiko 28, ndipo anapha anthu 29.
Kuphulika kwina kwa Listeria kwaphatikizapo:
- Kuphulika kwa chaka cha 2016 kunalumikizana ndi saladi zam'mbuyo, mkaka wosakaniza, ndi masamba obiridwa
- Pulogalamu ya Listeria ya 2015 mu 10 imanena kuti anthu 30 amadwala, anafa 3, ndipo adagwirizanitsa ndi kukumbukira zakudya za Karoun Dairies
- Mchaka cha 2015 Listeria kuphulika ku Texas ndi Kansas komwe kunadwala anthu 10 ndipo anapha anthu atatu ndipo akugwirizana ndi kudya "mtundu wina wa Blue Bell"
- Mchaka cha 2014 Listeria ikuphulika m'mayiko 12 omwe akugwirizana ndi maapulo a caramel omwe anachititsa kuti anthu 35 adwale komanso 7 akufa.
- mliri wa Listeria wa 2010 wokhudzana ndi kudya nkhuku kumutu ku Louisiana, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda asanu ndi atatu, kuphatikizapo imfa 2.
- mliri wa Listeria wa 2007 wokhudzana ndi mkaka wosakanizidwa ku Massachusetts umene umadwalitsa anthu asanu, kupha anthu atatu. Zikuganiziridwa kuti mkaka unadetsedwa pambuyo pa kuperewera.
- Mliri wa Listeria wa 2000 wokhudzana ndi kudya zakudya zokhala ndi zakudya zokwana makumi khumi ndi ziwiri (29), odwala anayi, ndi amayi atatu omwe amamwalira molakwika.
- Mchaka cha 1998, Listeria anagwidwa ndi kugwidwa ndi agalu otentha m'mayiko 24, zomwe zimachititsa kuti anthu 108 adwale, kuphatikizapo anthu 14 akufa
- Mchaka cha 1985, Listeria adagwidwa ndi kudya chakudya cha Mexican ku Los Angelas ndi Orange Counties, Calif., kuchititsa anthu 142 kudwala komanso kufa kwa ana 48, kuphatikizapo makumi ana makumi awiri ndi awiri, khumi ndi anayi, ndi akulu 18 omwe sali okalamba.
Kuchiza ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo kumapezeka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi listeriosis, ngakhale kukumbukira kuti ngakhale mankhwalawa, listeriosis ikhoza kukhala matenda oopsa.
Listeria Facts
Anthu kawirikawiri amaganiza za Listeria akamaganizira za zakudya zowonongeka, monga mabakiteriya ena amachititsa kuti ziphuphu komanso matendawa apite.
- Pafupifupi 1,600 pachaka matenda a listeriosis omwe amapezeka, pali pafupifupi 260 kufa.
- Anthu omwe ali pachiopsezo chotchedwa laisteriosis ndi amayi apakati, makanda obadwa kumene, anthu omwe ali ndi mavuto a chitetezo cha mthupi komanso matenda aakulu, ndi achikulire.
- Listeriosis sali otheka. Simungathe kuzipeza kwa munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda a Listeria .
- Mosiyana ndi mabakiteriya ena ambiri, Listeria akhoza kukula pa zakudya zomwe zasungidwa bwinobwino mufiriji.
- Zakudya zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi listeriosis zimagwiritsa ntchito agalu otentha, chakudya chamadzulo ndi nyama yamtengo wapatali, mkaka wosakanizika, tchizi zofewa zopangidwa ndi mkaka wosasunthika, friji yowonongeka ndi nyama yowonjezera, ndi zakudya za m'nyanja zosuta fodya.
- Zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, monga cantaloupe ndi letesi, sizikugwirizana ndi listeriosis.
Kambiranani ndi dokotala ngati mukuganiza kuti mudadya chakudya chodetsedwa ndi Listeria ndipo mwakonza listeriosis. Kuyesera kungatheke kuti atsimikizidwe kuti ali ndi matenda.
Zotsatira:
CDC. Kuphulika kwa Mististate ya Listeriosis Yogwirizana ndi Jensen Farms Cantaloupe - United States, August-September 2011. September 30, 2011 / Vol. 60 / Kutulutsidwa koyamba.
CDC. Kutuluka kwa Mististate kwa Listeriosis - United States, 1998. December 25, 1998/47 (50); 1085-6.
Kliegman: Nelson Buku Lophunzitsa za Ana, 19th ed.
Kutalika: Makhalidwe Abwino Odwala Matenda Ochepetsa Matenda Opatsirana Okonzanso, 3rd ed.