Mafupa Ophwanya Madzi Amakhala Osadabwitsa
Si zachilendo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi nyamakazi ya nyamakazi kuti azikhala ndi ziphuphu zam'mwamba ndi zam'munsi. Malinga ndi AAOS (American Association of Orthopedic Surgeons), anthu oposa 90 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi nyamakazi ya nyamakazi amakhala ndi zizindikiro za mapazi ndi minofu pambali ya matendawa. Ngakhale kuti kuchulukira kwakukulu, mavuto a phazi amanyalanyazidwa kapena kunyalanyazidwa.
Zozolowereka ndi Zopanda malire Zochita
Phazi lirilonse liri ndi mafupa 26, ogawidwa m'madera atatu: the hindfoot (talus ndi calcaneus), midicot (navicular, cuneiforms, ndi cuboid), ndi forefoot (metatarsals ndi mafananidwe amphindi amphongo kapena phalanges). Ndi ntchito zabwino (mwachitsanzo, kuyenda ndi kuthamanga), zigawo za phazi zimadalirana. Pamene mukuyenda kapena kuthamanga, phazi lanu limadutsa katchulidwe kake (maulendo apansi mkati) ndi kupatsa (phazi limatulukira kunja) lomwe limalola phazi kuti lizikhala m'malo osagwirizana ndikunyansidwa, ndikutsatiridwa. Koma, mu matenda ena ndi zinthu zomwe zimakhudza mapazi (mwachitsanzo, nyamakazi ya nyamakazi), katchulidwe / katemera kamatha kusokonezeka, kumapangitsa phazi lachilendo kukhala lopitirira, kutentha thupi, kutsika kwambiri, mkati mwake phazi) kapena kupititsa patsogolo (kunja kwa phazi).
Izi zowonongeka zingasinthe kugawidwa kwa kulemera kwake ndipo zimayambitsa kupweteka kumodzi, zofewa za minofu (tendon sheaths, bursae, kapena entheses), kapena zosawonongeka khungu (chimanga ndi zovuta). Matenda osakanikirana amapezeka pamtunda, monga plantar fasciitis, tendinitis yokhayokha, kapena bursitis . Mafupa a chifuwa amatha kupanga pa Achilles 'tendon.
Matenda a Matenda a Nyamakazi ndi Zovuta Zambiri
Ndi nyamakazi ya nyamakazi, zosaoneka zambiri zimaphatikizapo kutsogolo, makamaka kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha ya metatarsophalangeal (MTP), kuwomba kwala zakumwa (hammertoes), ndi bunion (hallux valgus). Zofooka zoterozo zimachitika palimodzi, makamaka pa nyamakazi yapamwamba ya nyamakazi, kupweteka ndi zizindikiro zina zomwe zingakhale zogwirizana kwambiri ndi kupunduka kwa makina kuposa matenda omwewo. Kuphatikizidwa kwa mgulu wamagulu (mgwirizano wa talotibial) ndi wochuluka, wokhudza 10-20 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi nyamakazi ya nyamakazi. Zowonjezereka pamodzi zimagwiridwa ndi matenda a nyamakazi, zomwe zimakhudza anthu 33-75 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa.
Kutayidwa kwa zala zakumwa zazing'ono, pogwirizana ndi extensor tendons kumayambitsa clawing, imalimbikitsa metatarsal kuti ikhale pansi pamtunda, ndipo imachotsa mitsempha ya metatarsal. Zovuta, zopweteka zopweteka zingapangidwe ngati mitu ya metatarsal imakankhidwira pansi pa phazi la phazi.
Kuzindikira Zovuta Zambiri
Dokotala amatha kuona kupweteka kwa chifuwa cha mchiuno ndi kumbuyo kwake (kumapazi kumbuyo) kumbuyo pamene wodwala akuima. Kuphatikizika kwa kutupa ndi kupsinjika pambali pa bondo ndi chizindikiro cha synovitis .
Bulu ndi hindfoot ziyeneranso kufufuzidwa chifukwa cha kuyenda . Wodwalayo akhoza kuyesedwa mwachikondi ndi tendyle Achilles ndi chidendene.
Zosavuta za mthunzi ndi kutsogolo zingathenso kupezedwa mwa kuyang'ana wodwalayo pa malo oima. Padzakhala umboni wa pes planus (kugwa pansi kapena phazi lakuya) kapena pes cavus (mkulu chingwe) ngati chiripo.
Kutupa kwa ziwalo za metatarsophalangeal kumayambitsa kufalikira kwalala kwala, komwe kumatchedwa chizindikiro cha kuwala. Kugwiritsira ntchito kutsogolera mwachindunji kumalo a metatarsophalangeal kudzasonyezanso chikondi ngati chiripo.
Njira Zothandizira
Mafupa amphongo angathandize kuchepetsa ululu ndi kusintha ntchito kwa anthu omwe ali ndi nyamakazi ya nyamakazi yofooka.
Kufunika kwa nsapato zoyenera sizingatheke. Ngakhale nsapato zochiritsira zingachepetse kupweteka ndi kupititsa patsogolo ntchito, nthawi zambiri pamakhala kusamvetsetsana chifukwa chosakhutira ndi zoyenera komanso kalembedwe.
Pa milandu ikuluikulu, pamene njira zowonongeka zogwiritsa ntchito nsapato kapena matupi a m'thupi zimalephera, opaleshoni ikhoza kusankha. Forefoot resection ndi kusakanikirana zimaonedwa kuti zingakhale zosangalatsa zogwiritsira ntchito opaleshoni.
Zotsatira:
Mapazi ndi Ankle mu Rheumatology. Philip Helliwell et al. Matenda a Arthritis UK. Ndime 8. Spring 2011.
http://www.arthritisresearchuk.org/health-professionals-and-students/reports/topical-reviews/topical-reviews-spring-2011.aspx
Kupweteka kwa Chifuwa Choponderezeka kwa Mphindi. Leonard Marmor. Arthritis ndi Rheumatism. Vol. 6. No. 6. December 1963. (Choyamba chinatulutsidwa pa Intaneti pa November 21, 2005.)
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/art.1780060610/pdf
Chifuwa chachikulu cha nyamakazi ya Foot ndi Ankle. OrthoInfo. AAOS. December 2011.
http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00163
Choyamba pa Rheumatic Diseases. Arthritis Foundation. Kusindikiza kwachisanu ndi chitatu. Mutu 2. Kuunika kwa Wodwala. P.13-14.