Pakatikati pake ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo zitatu za phazi la munthu. Dzina lake limakhala lodzifotokozera, poyang'ana malo omwe ali pakati pa phazi. Amaphatikizapo phazi la phazi ndipo amapangidwa ndi mafupa, matope, ndi mitsempha, kulumikizana ndi chithunzicho.
Chikhalidwe cha Human Foot
Phazi la munthu ndi gawo lovuta kwambiri la thupi, lopangidwa ndi mafupa 26 -nthu 25 peresenti ya chiwerengero cha mafupa mu thupi lonse.
Ndizolimba, zosasinthika komanso zowonjezereka, zokhoza kulemera kwambiri, mphamvu yogwira ntchito komanso kuvala-ndi-kugwetsa chifukwa zimatiyendetsa tikamayenda, kuthamanga, kudumpha, pivot komanso ngakhale kungoyimirira.
Mafupa a phazi agawidwa m'magulu atatu:
- The phalanges
- Matenda a metatarsal
- Mafupa a tarsal
Phazi ligawidwa m'madera atatu akuluakulu: kutsogolo , midfoot ndi hindfoot kapena rearfoot .
Makhalidwe a Midfoot
Pakatikati mwa mafupawa muli mafupa asanu omwe amadziwika ngati mafupa ochepa kwambiri ngati gulu. Mafupa awa ndi awa:
- Cuboid: Fuboid bone ndi imodzi mwa mafupa asanu ndi awiri omwe amapezeka pamtunda kapena kunja kwa phazi ndipo, monga momwe amatchulira dzina lake, ndi wooneka ngati cube. Zimapereka bata, kugwirizanitsa phazi ndi khungu, ndi kuthandizira pa kayendedwe ka zala. Ilipo pakati ndipo likuphatikizapo mafupa achinayi ndi asanu a metatarsal ndi calcaneus, kapena chidendene fupa. Icho chiri kumbuyo kwa chala chachinayi ndi chachisanu ndizitsulo ndi kutsogolo kwa chidendene fupa.
- Masautso: Ng'ombe ya tarsal, yomwe nthawi zambiri imafotokozedwa ngati yopangidwa ndi boti, yomwe ili pamwamba pamtunda wa phazi lomwe limaphatikizapo talus (anklebone) ndi mafupa a cuneiform.
- Cuneiform yapakatikati: Pfupa lopangidwa ndi khola lomwe limapanga ziwalo za phazi lapansi. Lili mkati mwa phazi kumbuyo kwa metatarsal yoyamba (fupa lala zala zazikulu) ndi kutsogolo kwa navicular. Matenda aakulu kwambiri a cuneiform, amamanga miyendo ingapo pamapazi.
- Cuneiform yapamwamba: Ili pakati pa mafupa ena awiri a cuneiform, imakhalanso ndi maonekedwe ake. Zimaphatikizapo mafupa ena awiri a cuneiform, metatarsal yachiwiri (yogwirizana ndi mafupa a chala chachiwiri) ndi fupa la navicular bone. Ndiloling'ono kwambiri mwa mafupa a cuneiform. Ndikofunika kuti kusintha kwa phazi kukhale kosasintha.
- Cuneiform yowonjezera: Mzindawu uli pakatikati pa mafupa am'thunzi, amatha kukhala pakati pa katatu ya metatarsal, cuboid, navicular ndi mafupa apakati a cuneiform.
Mapazi Apansi
Ochita masewera, makamaka othamanga, akhoza kuthana ndi mavuto m'madera ozungulira mapazi. Pambuyo pazifukwa zovuta ndi mafupa osweka, chinthu chodziwika bwino kwa anthu ena m'dera lakumtunda kwa phazi ndizitali .
Kwa iwo okhala ndi mapazi apansi, chigoba choyamba chimene chimayenda pakati pa chidendene ndi zala ndi chigoba chachiwiri chomwe chikugwera pansi pa phazi chiri pansi mpaka pansi, chikuwoneka ngati "phazi lakuya." Mkhalidwe wa mapazi otsika sungasokoneze kuyenda kapena kuonetsa mavuto ena, ngakhale kuti kuyenda, kuthamanga ndi kutenga nawo masewera kungapweteke. Kawirikawiri ndi vuto lobadwa, koma kuwonongeka kwa minofu m'miyendo yowonongeka kungawonongeke.
Orthotics, monga nsapato zowonjezera, ndi imodzi mwa mankhwala ochiritsira kwambiri.