Mitundu Yophumu ndi Zizindikiro Zake
Kodi mukudziwa kuti pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya asthma? Kumvetsetsa mtundu wa mphumu yomwe uli nayo kungakuthandizeni kupewa zizindikiro ndikutsata njira zowonjezera komanso ngati mukuzikonza.
Mwachidule
Chiwerengero cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mphumu imakhudza zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri anthu:
- Anthu oposa 39 miliyoni ku US adapezeka kuti ali ndi asthma
- Anthu 26 miliyoni adakali ndi matendawa
- Ana opitirira 7 miliyoni amakhudzidwa
- $ 50 biliyoni ndalama zowonongeka komanso pafupifupi madola 4 biliyoni kuchokera ku zokolola zomwe zinawonongeka pachaka
- Masiku oposa 10 miliyoni akusukulu ndi masiku 14 ogwira ntchito akuwonongeka pachaka
- Kuloledwa kwa 1000 ku zipatala ndi imfa 11 pa tsiku
Kaya muli ndi mphumu yotani, zizindikirozo zimakhala zofanana nthawi zonse:
Izi nthawi zina zimapangitsa chisokonezo monga zina mwa mankhwala angakhale osiyana. Pamene tikuwatcha onse mphumu, chidziwitso cha pathophysiology chikhoza kukhala chosiyana kwambiri, zomwe zimatsogolera kuchipatala chosiyana. Tiyeni tiwone mitundu yonse ya mphumu yomwe ingakhudze iwe.
Nthenda yotchedwa Asthma
Mtundu uwu wa mphumu umakhala pafupifupi 60 peresenti ya mphumu yonse. Zimaphatikizapo kutsekeka kwa kayendetsedwe ka ndege komanso zizindikiro za mphumu zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi matendawa ndipo zimayambitsa matendawa .
Ndikofunika kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa mphumu yako .
Zitsanzo zowonongeka kawirikawiri zimaphatikizapo pollens, nkhungu, fumbi, ndi nyama.
Kawirikawiri, udindo wanu wa chitetezo cha mthupi ndikuteteza matenda, koma mu matenda a asthma, thupi lanu limagwedezeka kwambiri ndi zizindikiro za asthma, zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro za mphumu. Chithandizo cha asthma chodziwika bwino chidzakumbukira kupeĊµa mphumu za mphumu kapena kuyimira chitetezo cha mthupi lanu.
Osagwiritsidwa Ntchito Kwambiri Pachimake
Pafupifupi theka la anthu onse omwe ali ndi mphumu alibe nthenda yotchedwa asthma. Mtundu uwu wa mphumu umayambitsidwa ndi matenda a tizilombo ndi zina zotukitsa. Zitsanzo za zinthu zomwe zingachititse kuti asakhale ndi mphumu yotsutsana ndi izi:
- Utsi wa fodya
- Matenda opatsirana
- Utsi wamphamvu ndi zopopera
- Zochitika zina zamankhwala
Kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti sizomwe zimayambitsa matenda a asthma kuti zikhale zovuta kwambiri monga momwe zilili ndi Global Initiative ya Asthma, kapena GINA, mapiritsi. Kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti chiwerengero cha amayi chikufala kwambiri, koma izi sizinali zachilengedwe.
Odwala omwe sagwirizana ndi asthmatic amayamba matendawa akakhala ali ana ndipo amakhala opanda vuto, monga rhinosinusitis ndi GERD, ndipo sagwirizana ndi steroids. Ambiri mwa odwalawa ali pachiopsezo chotchedwa asthma.
Kufufuzika Kwambiri
Kupeza mphumu yotchedwa asthma (EIA), kapena zambiri zomwe odwala anu amazisamalira ngati zochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndi pamene mpweya wanu uli wochepa kwambiri ndipo mumakhala ndi zizindikiro za mphumu chifukwa cha masewera olimbitsa thupi.
EIA ingawononge mphumu wanu kapena mungakhale ndi zizindikiro za mphumu mukakhala ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi. Kawirikawiri, zizindikiro zimatha kukhala mphindi 10 mpaka 15 mutatha nthawi yochepa yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena mphindi khumi ndi zisanu ndikukhala ndi nthawi yayitali, monga kuthamanga.
(Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi sikumayambitsa mphumu koma ndizomwe zimakuchititsani kukhala ndi zizindikiro za mphumu.)
Kwa EIA ndi mitundu ina ya mphumu, ndikofunika kuti mukhale ndi ndondomeko ya chifuwa cha mphumu ndipo nthawi zonse mupulumutseni. Izi zikhoza kukhala zofunikira kwambiri ku EIA monga momwe mungachitire mobwerezabwereza.
Komanso, mungafunike kuganizira kulandira chidziwitso cha zachipatala kapena kupeza "Kukumana Kwadzidzidzi" kulankhulana kwa foni yanu kuti anthu adziwe kuti muli ndi mphumu komanso amene mungakambirane ngati simungathe kulankhulana.
Masewera a mphumu
Kodi mukudziwa kuti malo anu ogwira ntchito angakuike pangozi ya mphumu?
Kuwonetsa ntchito zokhudzana ndi ntchito ndi zokwiya monga fumbi ndi mankhwala ndizo zimayambitsa zifukwa zatsopano ndi zovulaza za mphumu. Nthenda ya mphumu ingayambe chifukwa cha kupsa mtima kwa mapapu anu kapena kupititsa patsogolo mankhwala okhumudwitsa.
Chotupa Chosakaniza Chifuwa
Ngakhale kuti chifuwa chikhoza kutsagana ndi zizindikiro zomwe zimachitika ndi mphumu , chifuwa chokha chimakhala chithunzithunzi kapena chizindikiro chokhacho mu asthmatic. Pamene chifuwa ndi chizindikiro chokha cha mphumu, izi zimadziwika kuti chifuwa chachikulu cha asthma (CVA).
Mankhwala-Amakhudza Khunyu
Anthu ambiri samaganizira za mankhwala owonjezera omwe amawononga mphumu yawo, koma izi zingakhale zofunikira kwa gulu laling'ono. Koma, kwa odwala ena a mphumu, mankhwala opweteka kwambiri amatha kukhala owopsa.
Aspirin ndi mankhwala ena osagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kutupa (omwe amadziwikanso kuti NSAID) akhoza kuwononga mphumu kapena ngakhale kupha. Ndikumvetsetsa kotereku, muyenera kusiya mankhwala monga ibuprofen, naproxen, ndi diclofenac momwe angayambitsire matenda a mphumu ngati muli ndi mphumu.
Mphumpho ya Nocturnal
Ngati muli ndi magudumu, kukhwima, chifuwa, kapenanso mpweya wochepa usiku, zizindikiro zanu zikhoza kuwonjezereka kuwonjezereka kwa mphumu yanu yachizolowezi kapena kuimira mphumu ya usiku chifukwa chodziwiratu. Pafupifupi 75 peresenti ya asthmatics imakumana ndi zizindikiro za usiku monga chifuwa kamodzi pa sabata. Ndipo anthu oposa 40 peresenti amawona zizindikiro za usiku ndi usiku.
Glucocorticoids-Kukaniza Khunyu
Ngakhale glucocorticoids ndi imodzi mwa mankhwala amphamvu kwambiri othana ndi zotupa omwe amapezeka ndipo nthawi zambiri amatha kuchiza matenda a mphumu, kagulu kakang'ono ka odwala samayankha mankhwalawa ndipo nthawi zambiri amatchedwa 'steroid resistant'.
Awa si odwala omwe samamwa mankhwala awo kapena alibe mwayi wopeza steroids chifukwa cha ndalama kapena zifukwa zina. Odwalawa samangolabadira mankhwalawa.
Sindimvetsetsa bwino chifukwa chake odwala ena amakana mankhwala, koma mfundo zikuphatikizapo kusowa kwa steroid kulumikiza mapulogalamu ndi chiyanjano ndi mavitamini ochepa a mavitamini. Kusamalira mtundu uwu wa mphumu ndi wokwera mtengo ndipo umayimira vuto lalikulu la chisamaliro.
Zina Zofunikira Kuti Mimic Asthma
Zomwe zimayenda sizomwe zili ndi mphumu. Matenda ena wamba komanso osadziwika angakuchititseni kuti muziyenda. Matenda ambiri pano ali okongola kwambiri. Kutsekemera kwa m'mphuno ndi matani akuluakulu ndi zinthu zomwe zimachititsa kuti odwala ena azivutika, koma chifukwa chenichenicho si chifuwa cha mphumu.
Mofananamo, mikhalidwe yachilendo ingayambitsenso kuyenda. Ngakhale kuti sizowoneka, chithokomiro chowonjezera cha chithokomiro chimatha kupanikiza mbali zina zazomwe mumayenda ndipo zimayambitsa kupuma. Mungathe kubadwanso ndi mitsempha yambiri (mitsempha ya mitsempha yomwe imayendetsa ndege) yomwe imayambitsa zozizira zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mpweya ukhale wochepa.
> Zotsatira:
> Bonini M, Polange P. Kuwonongeka kochititsa manyazi: Zochitika zatsopano m'maganizo, matenda ndi matenda a Asthma Research and Practice, 2015, 1: 2.
> Dicpinigaitis PV. Chisokonezo Chokhazikika Chifukwa cha Nthenda Yachifuwa: ACCP Malangizo Ovomerezeka Otsata Malingaliro Ochipatala.
> O'Byrne, P. Patient Information. Kufufuzika Kwambiri.
> Tan NC, Nadkarni NV, Lye WK, et al. Kuphunzira kwa zaka khumi zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zizindikiro za mphumu za usiku zikhalepo pakati pa odwala a ku Asia omwe amawasamalira. NPJ Care Prim Care Respir Med. 2015; 25: 15064.