Njira yabwino yothetsera matenda a mphumu ndi matenda
Pafupifupi 40 peresenti ya kuphulika kwa mphumu kwa akuluakulu amayamba chifukwa cha matenda a tizilombo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mavairasi, monga omwe angapangitse chimfine kapena chimfine, akhoza kutsogolera kapena kukulirakulira kwa zizindikiro za mphumu.
Mmene Mavairasi Amayambira Zizindikiro za Mphumu
Pali njira ziwiri zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro za mphumu:
- Mtundu woyamba wa mphumu ya mphumu imakhudza anthu omwe alibe mbiri ya mphumu, koma omwe amayamba kukhala ndi zizindikiro za mphumu (mwachitsanzo, chifuwa ndi kupuma ) zomwe zimayambira pambuyo pa matendawa.
- Mtundu wachiwiri wa mphumu ya mphumu imakhudza ana ndi akulu omwe ali ndi mphumu yotsutsa. M'mawu ena, matenda a tizilombo amawononga zizindikiro zawo za mphumu.
Zifukwa za chifuwa chachikulu cha Viral-Induced Asthma
Mavairasi angapo amatha kuweruzidwa chifukwa choyambitsa matenda a mphumu. Zitsanzo ziwiri zomwe anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ndi rhinovirus yomwe imayambitsa chimfine, komanso chimfine A chomwe chimayambitsa chimfine. Mavairasi awa amapezeka kawirikawiri chifukwa cha bronchospasm (kupopera kwa airways) ndi mphumu.
Vuto lina lomwe limagwirizanitsidwa ndi mphumu ndi kupuma kwa syncytial virus (RSV), yomwe imayambitsa matenda opatsirana mwa akulu ndi ana. Kwa ana, RSV ikhoza kuyambitsa magetsi, makamaka kwa ana osakwana zaka ziwiri, zomwe zingabweretse kuchipatala ngakhale imfa nthawi zambiri. Kuwonjezeka kotereku kwa kutuluka kwa mpweya kwa ana chifukwa cha RSV nthawi zina kumatha nthawi yaitali chitatha.
Kwa anthu akuluakulu, RSV ikhoza kuyambitsa magetsi ndikupangitsa zizindikiro za mphumu mwa iwo omwe ali kale ndi mphumu, komanso kwa anthu omwe alibe mbiri ya mphumu.
Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti, mosiyana ndi ana, momwe zimachitikira anthu akuluakulu kawirikawiri zimabwereranso mwamsanga, ngakhale kuti zingatenge miyezi ingapo.
Ndizosangalatsa kuzindikira kuti chifukwa cha matendawa ndi ofala makamaka nthawi zina za chaka, matenda a asthma omwe amachititsa kuti tizilombo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tiziyenda sera komanso zimakhala ndi nyengo.
Mwachitsanzo, rhinovirus ili ndi nyengo yachisanu kumapeto kwa kugwa ndi nthendayi A kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira. RSV imakhala yowonjezereka m'miyezi yozizira, ndi nyengo yapamwamba kuyambira January mpaka February kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi.
Chifukwa chiyani mavairasi amachititsa chifuwa cha mphumu
Mukakumana ndi matenda a tizilombo, thupi limayambitsa kupweteka kwamtundu wakuukira ndi kuteteza. M'mapiritsi apamwamba apumtima, monga omwe amafalikira ndi chimfine kapena chimfine, yankho limeneli lingapangitse kutukumula kwapansi ndi kuyambitsa kupanga ntchentche.
Zonsezi, sizidziwikiratu ngati mavairasi amachititsa kuti zizindikiro za mphumu zisawonongeke, kapena ngati kutupa zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa ndi maselo omwe ali ndi kachilombo kumtunda, zimakhudzanso mpweya wapansi.
Kuzindikira za Vhubu Yotuluka M'thupi
Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi mphumu yopitirirabe amatha kudziwa ngati zizindikiro zawo zikukulirakulira. Komabe, lingaliro labwino kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mphumu kuti akhale ndi chiwongoladzanja cha mamita , chomwe ndi chipangizo chaching'ono chimene inu mumalowera kuti muyese momwe mapapu akugwirira ntchito. Izi ndizotheka kukhala ndi kuchepa kwakukulu kwa chiwerengero cha chiwerengero chapamwamba (osachepera 80 peresenti yabwino) osakhala ndi zizindikiro zofanana.
Aliyense amene amawona kuchepa kwakukulu kwa chiwerengero cha chiwerengero cha chiwerengero, poyerekeza ndi momwe anthu amakhalira nthawi zonse amalembedwa tsiku ndi tsiku, ayenera kufunsa dokotala wawo kuti amve mankhwala owonjezera a mphumu kapena kufunafuna mankhwala.
Dokotala ayenera kudziwa kuti ali ndi mphumu yomwe imayambitsa matenda a mphumu mwa iwo omwe alibe mbiri ya mphumu pomvetsera mapapu. Dokotala akhoza kupanga mphuno yamphuno ndi kummero kapena kutenga sampuli kuti aone ngati kachilombo kalipo.
Madokotala ambiri ali ndi mapiri otsika mamita ku maofesi awo, omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti azindikire kupinga kwa ndege. Ngati munthuyo sanayang'anitse chiwerengero chake chakuthamanga, adokotala amatha kuyerekeza nambala ya wodwalayo ndi zomwe zikanenedwa kwa wina yemwe ali wofanana, wazaka, ndi kukula kwake.
Kupewa Kachilombo ka HIV
Pakalipano, palibe mankhwala othandiza kuti athetse mavairasi omwe amapezeka komanso kupewa kuthamanga kwa mphumu zomwe zingakwiyitse.
Njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira ndi kupewa, ndipo njira zinayi zothandizira izi ndi izi:
- Kupeza chimfine chimawombera chaka chilichonse
- Kusamba m'manja nthawi zonse ndi sopo ndi madzi
- Kulepheretsa kukhudzana ndi anthu omwe ali ndi zizindikiro za kupuma
- Kupewa kugwira maso, mphuno, kapena pakamwa, ndiko momwe mavairasi amafalikira
Ana ena omwe ali m'magulu akuluakulu (mwachitsanzo, makanda omwe anabadwa asanakwane milungu 35 kapena atsikana omwe ali ndi matenda aakulu a mapapu) tsopano akupatsidwa chithandizo chotchedwa Synagis (palivizumab). Mankhwalawa ndi anti-anti-RSV ndipo wasonyezedwa kuti achepetse mlingo wa hospitali zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi RSV.
Kuchiza kwa Viral-Induced Asthma
Chithandizo cha mphumu yothamanga ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda chikhoza kuphatikizapo bronchodilator (mankhwala omwe amatsegula mpweya) kwa zizindikiro zochepa ndi ma steroid chifukwa cha ziwawa zoopsa kapena zazitali. Steroid inhalers awonetsedwa kuti ndi othandiza pochiza akulu omwe alibe mphumu omwe ali ndi zizindikiro za mphumu pambuyo pa kachilombo ka HIV. Komabe, popanda mbiri yakale ya mphumu, zizindikirozi zimatha masabata asanu kapena atatu. Kwa bronchospasm yoyambitsa matenda a tizilombo, ma steroids amlomo nthawi zina amafunikira, ngakhale anthu omwe alibe mbiri ya mphumu.
Mawu Ochokera
Anthu omwe ali ndi mphumu sizitengera kachilombo ka HIV kuposa ena, koma amakhala ndi zotsatira zochepa zowopsa kuchokera ku matendawa. Kutenga matenda opuma sikukutanthauza kuti mudzakhala ndi matenda a mphumu. Kawirikawiri, zowonjezera imodzi zimayambitsa matenda oopsa monga chiopsezo komanso malo osungirako zachilengedwe monga kusuta kapena kutsegula.
Pamapeto pake, chinthu chabwino kwambiri chomwe mungachite ndi kuyesera kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino. Gwiritsani ntchito machenjerero kuphatikizapo kudya zakudya zogwiritsira ntchito thanzi, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuona dokotala wanu nthawi zonse, kusunga nthawi yanu pa katemera wanu, osasuta, komanso kusunga nkhawa zanu.
> Zotsatira:
> Flu ndi anthu omwe ali ndi mphumu. Maofesi a Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. https://www.cdc.gov/flu/asthma/index.htm.
> Kurai D, Saraya T, Ishii H, Takizawa H. Virus-Amaphatikizapo Kuwonjezereka Kwambiri mu Nthenda ya Edzi ndi COPD. Malire mu Microbiology . 2013; 4: 293. lembani: 10.3389 / fmicb.2013.00293.
> Smith DK, Seales S, Budzik C. Kutupa Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis mu Ana. Am Phys Physician. 2017 Jan 15; 95 (2): 94-99.