Ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri amanena za "msinkhu wa zaka zambiri" pokambirana mwachizoloŵezi, mawerengero ambiri amanena za zaka zapakati kusiyana ndi zaka zambiri . M'badwo wapakati ndi gawo lochepa: theka la matenda onse amapezeka pansi pa zaka zimenezo, ndipo theka likuchitika pamwamba pa msinkhu umenewo. Ambiri ali mibadwo yonse yowonjezeredwa ndikugawanika ndi chiwerengero cha milandu. Kotero ngati anthu anayi amapezeka kuti ali ndi zaka 20, 21, 23, ndi 28, ali ndi zaka 23, koma apakati ali 22.
Mzaka zapakati pa matenda a kansa ya m'mapapo ndi 72 , malinga ndi chiwerengero chaposachedwapa chomwe chinasonkhanitsidwa pakati pa 2008 ndi 2012. Kuyambira 1975 mpaka 1999 zaka zapakati pa matenda a kansa ya m'mapapo zinali 66.
Akazi vs Amuna
M'badwo wapakati wa khansa ya m'mapapo ndi yosiyana kwambiri kwa amuna ndi akazi mu maphunziro ambiri. Akazi amayamba kukhala ndi kansa ya m'mapapo ali aang'ono kwambiri kuposa amuna pafupifupi zaka ziwiri. Palinso nambala yosawerengeka ya amayi omwe ali ndi khansa yamapapo ali aang'ono (zaka zopitirira 50). Ngati izi zikuchitika, onetsetsani kuti muwone zomwe zili pansipa.
Mliri wa matenda a khansa ya mitsempha yathyoledwa zaka makumi khumi
Kuchuluka kwa khansa ya m'mapapo yomwe imapezeka m'badwo uliwonse ndi motere (mwachitsanzo, pa milandu yonse ya khansara yamapapu, 20 mwa iwo adzapezeka mwa anthu a zaka zapakati pa 55 mpaka 64):
- Zaka 20 mpaka 34 - 1.0%
- Zaka 35 mpaka 44 - 1.3%
- Zaka 45 mpaka 54 - 7.9%
- Zaka 55 mpaka 64 - 19.6%
- Zaka 65 mpaka 74 - 30.5%
- Zaka 75 mpaka 84 - 30.6%
- Zaka 85 ndi zoposa - 10.0%
Ngati Muli M'zaka za 40 (kapena 50)
Ngati muli ndi zaka zoposa 40 mukhoza kumangokhalira kumangokhalira kudzimva nokha. Tikuphunzira kuti khansa ya m'mapapo kwa achinyamata akuluakulu-chinthu chomwe chikuwonjezeka-kawirikawiri ndi chosiyana ndi khansa ya m'mapapo kwa odwala okalamba.
Pali mabungwe ambiri a khansa yamapapu omwe amapereka chithandizo ndi chithandizo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi khansara yamapapu, koma amodzi amafika makamaka kwa achinyamata omwe ali ndi matendawa. Bungwe la Bonnie Addario Lung Cancer Foundation lapanga ntchito yabwino yolumikiza achinyamata ndi khansara yamapapo ndipo akuphunzira mwakhama njira zina zomwe khansa ya m'mapapo imasiyanirana ndi gululi. Mukhoza kumva vidiyo kuchokera kwa Bonnie Addario akukambirana momwe izi zinakhalira. Kusiyana kwakukulu ndikutanthauza kuti ambiri mwa anthu omwe ali m'gulu lino ali ndi vuto la kusintha kwa jini. Ngakhale kuli kofunika kuti aliyense amene ali ndi kansa ya m'mapapo yopanda maselo kuti apange kufotokozera majekesiti (maselo a maselo) atachita chifuwa chake, ndizofunika kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa. Phunzirani njira zina zomwe khansara ya m'mapapo imakhudzira achinyamata .
Ngati Muli Oposa Zaka 70
Ngati muli ndi zaka zoposa 70 ndizofunikira kutchula zinthu zingapo. Zikuwoneka kuti pali nthano kuti anthu okalamba sangathe kulekerera chithandizo chamankhwala chomwe achinyamata omwe ali ndi matendawa angathe kuchigwira. Kafukufuku wokondweretsa wawonetsa kuti izi ndi nthano, koma chidziwitso cha ichi chiri kumbuyo.
Pali zinthu zambiri zoti muzindikire ngati muli ndi khansara yamapapo ngati wamkulu . Choyamba ndi chakuti opaleshoni ya khansa ya m'mapapo yoyambirira imakhala yabwino. Maphunziro akuyang'ana akuluakulu mpaka zaka 85 ali ndi machitidwe abwino-kutanthauza kuti iwo analibe thanzi labwino-anapeza kuti analekerera ena mwa njirazi komanso odwala omwe ali ochepa. Zomwezo zawonetsedwa ndi chemotherapy.
Chinthu chofunikira kwambiri ndi chakuti mankhwala ambiri atsopano a khansa ya m'mapapo yomwe imapangitsa kuti pakhale moyo wambiri-zimakhala zosavuta kupirira kusiyana ndi chibadwa cha mankhwala. Izi zimaphatikizapo mankhwala omwe amadziwika ngati chithandizo chamankhwala komanso chithandizo cha immunotherapy .
Thandizo ndi Kulimbana
Ziribe kanthu zaka zanu zikapezeka ndi khansara yamapapo ndi zochititsa mantha. Yesetsani kwa achibale anu ndi anzanu kuti akuthandizeni. Ino si nthawi yokhala "yamphamvu" ndipo anthu ambiri amafunadi kuwathandiza. Ndipotu, kudandaula kwakukulu kwa okondedwa a anthu omwe ali ndi khansa kumawoneka kuti ndikumverera mopanda thandizo. Phunzirani zonse zomwe mungathe zokhudza matenda anu. Nawa malangizowo pa kafukufuku wa khansa yanu . Ngakhale ngati simuli munthu wachitukuko, fufuzani magulu othandizira khansa m'mapapo mwanu kapena gulu labwino la khansa ya m'mapapo pa intaneti. Izi zingakhale zamtengo wapatali osati potipatsa chithandizo koma pakugawana nzeru pazochiritsira zatsopano komanso momwe mungapiririre matendawa. Ndipo, tengani kamphindi kuti muwonetsetse kuti ndinuwemwini wanu pa chisamaliro chanu cha khansa .
Zotsatira:
Fu, J. et al. Khansa Yam'mimba Mwa Akazi - Kufufuza kwa National Surveillance, Epidemiology, ndi End Results Database. Chifuwa . 2005. 127 (3): 768-777.
National Cancer Institute. Kusanthula Epidemiology ndi Kutsiriza zotsatira. SEER Stat Fact Sheets: Mphungu ndi Bronchus. http://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/lungb.html