M'zaka zaposachedwa, mawu akuti "kusuta fodya" agwiritsidwa ntchito poyerekeza ndi matenda a khansa ndi matenda a mtima. Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani, ndipo ndi zoopsa zotani?
Tanthauzo la Passive Fodya
Kusuta fodya kumatanthauzanso kusuta fodya kuchokera kwa ndudu (komanso cigare, hooka, tsamba, ngakhale e-ndudu) kusuta ndi anthu ena.
Mwa kuyankhula kwina, kusuta fodya kumafuna kupuma mu utsi wodzivulaza, kapena chomwe chimatchedwa utsi wa fodya (ETS).
Mitundu ya Utsi Wachiwiri
- Zomwe zimakhala utsi (MSM) : Mawu akuti utsi wambiri amatanthauza utsi umene umatulutsa fodya.
- Utsi wa Sidestream (SSM) : Mtengo woterewu umatulutsa utsi umene umamasulidwa kumapeto kwa ndudu, cigar, bomba, phala, kapena chophatikizira, ndipo zimakhala pafupifupi 85 peresenti ya kusuta kwa fodya. SSM ikhoza kukhala pangozi yaikulu kuposa MSM osati kokha chifukwa chakuti ili ndi zinthu zambiri zopangitsa khansa ndi poizoni, koma chifukwa zimapitirizabe nthawi yaitali-nthawi zambiri zimatha mpaka ngakhale ndudu ikuzimitsidwa.
Kuwonetsera kwa mitundu yonse ya utsi wothandizira kumatha kungakhudzidwe ndi mitundu ingapo kuphatikizapo kutentha ndi chinyezi, mpweya wabwino wa chipinda, galimoto kapena malo ena, ndipo ndithudi, ndi osuta angati alipo.
Thirdhand Smoke
Thirdhand utsi , mpweya, ndi magawo otsala pambuyo pa ndudu kapena fodya wina amachotsedwa, akhoza kutsekedwa mwa kusuta fodya. Kupyolera mu ndondomeko yotchedwa "off-gassing," zinthu zomwe zasungidwa pamtunda chifukwa cha kusuta zimatulutsidwa mmwamba ngati mpweya.
Ngakhale kuti mwina ndi gawo laling'ono la utsi wochuluka womwe umatulutsa utsi chifukwa cha kusuta fodya, utsi wachitatu ungathe kukhalabe vuto kwa nthawi yaitali pambuyo poti kusuta kwachitika.
Zoopsa za Kusuta Fodya
Monga osuta amadziwika ndi khansa yodziwika (zinthu zopangitsa khansa) ndi zinthu zina zoopsa, osuta fodya amavomerezedwa. Kusuta kwachiŵiri tsopano kumatengedwa ngati gulu A (kwambiri) khansa.
Mafufuzifukufuku okhudzana ndi kusuta fodya ndi awa:
- Khansara ya m'magazi: Inde, khansara yamapapo ndiyotsatira yoyamba ya kusuta fodya yomwe anthu ambiri amaganiza, koma nkhawa siziyimira pano. Anthu 7,000 amafa ndi khansara ya m'mapapo chifukwa cha kusuta kwa fodya chaka chilichonse ndipo kukhala ndi munthu amene amasuta kumawonjezera khansa ya m'mapapo ndi 20 mpaka 30 peresenti.
- Ma khansa ena: khansa monga mutu ndi khosi khansa, khansara ya chikhodzodzo, ndi ena imakwezedwa mwa osuta fodya komanso osuta otentha.
- Matenda a mtima ndi kukwapula: Kusuta fodya kumapangitsa kuti 42,000 azifa ndi matenda a mtima osasuta ku United States okha chaka chilichonse.
- Matenda a zilonda : Matenda opweteka monga asthma ndi matenda osokoneza bongo amayamba kuwonjezeka kwa osuta fodya omwe amatha kusuta fodya.
- Matenda opatsirana: 50,000 mpaka 300,000 matenda opatsirana opatsirana monga chibayo amachitika chaka chilichonse ku US kwa ana osapitirira miyezi 18 chifukwa cha utsi wambiri. Ana omwe amakhala ndi wosuta ndikulitsa matendawa amakhalanso osowa kwambiri komanso chithandizo cha mpweya.
- Matenda a Mwadzidzidzi: Kutentha kwadzidzidzi kwa ana ang'onoang'ono omwe amatha kusuta fodya amakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chakumwalira kwadzidzidzi.
Kusuta fodya (kutentha kwa utsi wambiri) pamene pathupi pathupi limapangitsa kuti pakhale pangozi ya kuperekera padera, kubadwa, ndi ana olemera kwambiri.
Kusuta Kusuta Kungakhale Kowonjezera
Monga momwe kusuta ndi zifukwa zina zoopsya zingakhale zowonjezera, kapena zoopsa (kuphatikiza kusuta ndi asbestosi ndizoopsa kuposa zomwe zingatheke powonjezerapo mavuto owopsa a iwo awiri okha), kuphatikiza kusuta fodya ndi zifukwa zina zoopsa kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda.
Kulepheretsa Kusuta Fodya
Kodi mungatani kuti mupewe kusuta fodya, mwa kuyankhula kwina, kutetezeka ku kusuta kwa fodya? Musalole ena kusuta m'nyumba mwanu kapena m'galimoto yanu. Malo ambiri a anthu ku United States tsopano akusuta fodya, koma izi sizili choncho nthawi zonse mukapita kunja. Onani malingaliro awa momwe mungadzitetezere ku utsi wothandizira pamene mukuyenda .
> Zotsatira:
> American Cancer Society. Utsi wa Secondhand. Kusinthidwa 11/13/15.
> National Cancer Institute. Utsi Wachiwiri ndi Khansa. Kusinthidwa 01/02/11.