Ngakhale kuti zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimakhala zochepa, mavuto angakhale ovuta
Matenda a Zika, omwe amadziwikanso kuti Zika fever kapena matenda a Zika, nthawi zambiri amachititsa zizindikiro zochepa, zosakhalitsa kapena zozizwitsa. Ngati zizindikiro za matenda zikuwonekera, nthawi zambiri sizikhala zosavuta ndipo zimangowonongeka chifukwa cha kuzizira kapena chimfine. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, matenda opatsirana (omwe amapezeka kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana pamene ali ndi mimba) akhoza kukhala oopsa kwambiri ndipo amachititsa vuto linalake lotha kubereka lotchedwa microcephaly.
Zizindikiro Zodziwika
Malinga ndi kafukufuku wofalitsidwa mu New England Journal of Medicine, pafupifupi 80 peresenti ya matenda a Zika adzakhala osatetezeka kwathunthu (popanda zizindikiro). Pamene zizindikiro zikuwoneka, zimakhala ndi izi:
- Kutentha thupi
- Zowawa zofanana (arthralgia)
- Muscle ache (myalgia)
- Diso la pinki ( conjunctivitis )
- Mutu
- Kutupa ma lymph nodes ( lymphadenopathy )
- Chiphuphu chodziwika bwino chimakhala ndi ziphuphu zofiira, zofiira
Zizindikiro kawirikawiri zimawoneka masiku awiri mpaka asanu ndi awiri atalumidwa ndi udzudzu ndi kachilomboka mkati mwa masiku atatu mpaka asanu ndi awiri. Ngakhale kuti Zika kachilombo kayekeratu ndi chimfine kapena chimfine chifukwa chakuti palibe zizindikiro za kupuma (monga kukhwima kapena kupopera), matendawa akhoza kutsimikiziridwa ndi kuphatikiza kwa mayeso a magazi ndi mkodzo.
Zovuta za matenda
Nthawi zambiri, matenda a Zika angayambitse matenda aakulu omwe amatchedwa matenda a Guillain-Barré (GBS) omwe chitetezo cha mthupi chimagonjetsa maselo ake a mitsempha.
Ngakhale kuti chikhalidwechi chimawoneka kuti n'chosazolowereka, chikhoza kufooketsa dzanja ndi kufooka mwendo, ndipo pakakhala zovuta kwambiri, kufooka kwa minofu yomwe imalamulira kupuma.
Pafupifupi 50 peresenti ya mavoti, GBS idzakula mwa anthu omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zowonjezereka za Zika, malungo, omwe amakhalapo kuyambira masiku asanu ndi awiri kapena asanu ndi limodzi.
Zizindikiro za GBS palokha zikhoza kupitirira kwa milungu kapena miyezi. Ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri adzachira bwinobwino, ena angakhale ndi mitsempha yosatha. Anthu ochepa kwambiri amafa kuchokera ku GBS.
Microcephaly mu Ana
Ngakhale kuti Zika kachilombo kaŵirikaŵiri sikayambitsa matenda aakulu kwa akuluakulu kapena ana, zotsatira za matendawa zingakhale zovuta kwambiri ngati zimafalitsidwa panthaŵi ya mimba. Ngati izi zimachitika kumayambiriro kwa msambo, matendawa angayambitse vuto la kubadwa lotchedwa microcephaly limene mwanayo amabadwa ali ndi mutu waung'ono komanso ubongo.
Microcephaly ingayambitse chiwonongeko cha zizindikiro zakuthupi, zamagazi, ndi chitukuko, kuphatikizapo:
- Khunyu
- Kuchedwa kuchepetsa, kuphatikizapo mavuto a kulankhula ndi zina zofunikira kwambiri monga kukhala, kuima, kapena kuyenda
- Kulemala kwaumwini
- Cerebral palsy
- Kudyetsa mavuto, kuphatikizapo vuto lomeza ( dysphagia )
- Kumva kutayika
- Mavuto a masomphenya, kuphatikizapo glaucoma
- Kukula mwakuya
Microcephaly ikhoza kukhala yofatsa kapena yovuta. Kuwopsa kwa zizindikiro kumakhala kofanana ndi kukula kwa mutu wa mwana. Nthawi zina, mwanayo amakula bwino popanda zizindikiro za kuwonongeka. Kwa ena, vutoli likhoza kukhala lopweteka ndipo limayambitsa kulema kwa moyo wonse ndi moyo wafupikitsidwa.
Ana obadwa ndi microcephaly angayang'anitsedwe mosamala ngakhale kuti palibe zizindikiro za kulemala. Zina mwa zovuta za vutolo, monga matenda a cerebral palsy kapena khunyu, zingangowonjezeka mmoyo wotsatira.
Palibe mankhwala ochizira a microcephaly ndipo palibe amene angachite kuti abweretse mutu wa mwanawo kukula kwake. Kugwira ntchito, kulankhula, ndi mankhwala angagwiritsidwe ntchito pofuna kuthana ndi kulemala kwakukulu, pamene mankhwala angathandize kuthana ndi vutoli ndi mavuto ena azachipatala.
Nthawi Yomwe Muwone Dokotala
Munthu aliyense amene wapita kapena kumakhala kudera limene Zika kachilombo kamayambitsa ayenera kuyesedwa ngati zizindikiro za matenda zikuwonekera.
Izi ndi zoona makamaka ngati muli ndi pakati.
Zomwe Zimayambitsa Kuletsa Matenda ndi Kupewa Matenda (CDC) zimalimbikitsa amayi omwe ali ndi pakati kuti ayesedwe kuyesa masabata awiri mpaka 12 pamene abwerera kuchokera kumadera ovuta. Amene ali ndi zizindikiro ayenera kuyesedwa mwamsanga. Ngati mumakhala kumadera ovuta, muyenera kuyesedwa panthawi yoyamba yobereka komanso pakati pa trimester yanu yachiwiri.
Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti kupeza kuluma kwa udzudzu kumatanthauza kuti mwana wako adzabadwa ndi vuto la kubadwa. Ngakhale kumpoto chakum'maŵa kwa Brazil, dera lina linasokonezeka kwambiri ndi Zika kuphulika kwa 2016, chiopsezo cha microcephaly pakati pa amayi omwe anakhudzidwawo chinathamanga kulikonse kuchokera pa zana limodzi mpaka 13 peresenti.
Ngakhale kuti Zika kachilombo kafukufuku ayenera kukhala ndi nkhawa, siziyenera kuchititsa mantha. Ndibwino kuti muteteze, inu ndi banja lanu mukhoza kuchepetsa kwambiri matenda omwe mukukumana nawo kaya muli panyumba komanso kunja.
> Zotsatira:
> Zomwe Zingathetsere Kudwala ndi Kuteteza Matenda (CDC). "Zofooka za Kubadwa: Zoona za Microcephaly." Atlanta, Georgia; zasinthidwa pa December 7, 2017.
> CDC. "Zika Virus." Idasinthidwa pa February 22, 2018
> Duffy, M .; Chen, T .; Hancock, W. et al. "Zika kachilombo kuphulika pa Yap Island, dziko la Micronesia lolamulidwa." N. Engl J Med. 2009; 360: 2536-43, DOI: 10.1056 / NEJMoa0805715.
> Chigawo cha European for Disease Prevention and Control. " Zika kachilombo ku America: akhoza kugwirizana ndi microcephaly ndi Guillain-Barré matenda (yoyamba kusintha). " Stockholm, Sweden: ECDC; 2016.
> McCarthy, M. "Ngozi ya Microcephaly ndi matenda a Zika ndi 1-13% m'zaka zitatu zoyambirira . 2016; 353: i3048. DOI: 10.1136 / bmj.i3048.