Ngati mukuwerenga nkhaniyi, ndiye kuti mukudziwa kale kuti Zika kachilombo, yomwe imafalitsidwa ndi udzudzu, yakhala ikugwirizanitsidwa ndi zida za microcephaly ku Brazil. Amayi ambiri oyembekezera omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka Zika amakhala ndi ana omwe ali ndi mitu yaing'ono, kapena microcephaly, komanso kuwonongeka kwa ubongo.
Tsopano tikuona anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka Zika akupitiriza kukula ndi matenda a Guillain-Barré (GBS).
GBS ndi kawirikawiri matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amachititsa kufooka kwa mikono ndi miyendo. Mwamwayi nthawi zambiri, GBS ilibe kandulo kwa microcephaly, yomwe ndi yaikulu kwambiri; Komabe, GBS ndi yovuta ndipo nthawi zambiri sichikhoza kufa chifukwa cha kupuma kwa thupi.
Kodi GBS ndi chiyani?
Matenda a Guillain-Barré amadodometsa dongosolo la mitsempha lopanda mantha ndipo nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi munthu pafupi masabata atatu kapena atatu mutatha kutenga kachilombo ka HIV; GBS ikhoza kuchitika pambuyo pa inoculation (katemera), opaleshoni, kapena matenda a bakiteriya, makamaka Campylobacter jejuni enteritis (AKA chakudya chakupha).
Ngakhale kuti sitikudziŵa bwinobwino za momwe GBS imakhalira, timaganiza kuti matendawa ndi otetezeka kwambiri, chifukwa chake chifukwa chake anthu omwe amanyansidwa ndi ma chitetezo awo, monga momwe amachitira kale, amakhala pachiopsezo chotenga izi matenda.
Zizindikiro
Mwachindunji, GBS ndi yopweteka kwambiri kapena yowonjezereka ya polyradiculopathy, yomwe imapereka mosiyana mwa anthu osiyanasiyana.
Matendawa amachititsa kufooka komwe kawirikawiri kumapereka patali, kapena m'magulu a thupi lanu kutali kwambiri ndi miyendo yanu. Kufooka uku ndiye kukwera kumakhudza mikono ndiyeno nkhope.
Zizindikiro zimakhala zofanana (ganizirani miyendo yonse kapena mikono). Kufooka uku kumapangitsa kukhala kovuta kuyenda ndi kusuntha. Kuwonjezera apo, GBS ingayambitse kusokoneza maganizo komanso kusokoneza momwe mumamvera.
Kuwonjezera pa kufooketsa ndi kukhumudwa, GBS ingayambitsenso chisokonezo chokhazikika, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimakhala chowopsya. Kusokonezeka kumeneku kumakhudza kuwonetsa mtima, mtima wamtima, thukuta, kupuma komanso ngakhale kuthamanga kwa sphincter. Kawirikawiri, mavuto opuma chifukwa cha GBS angabweretse moyo. Potsiriza, GBS ingasokoneze minofu yanu ya kutafuna ndi kumeza.
Pafupifupi, GBS ndi matenda osasangalatsa komanso nthawi zina oopsa.
Kudziwa
Kawirikawiri, dokotala angakayikire GBS pamene wodwalayo akufooka ndi zofooketsa zotsata matenda, opaleshoni kapena zina zotero. Choncho, mbiri yachipatala ndi yofunika makamaka pofufuza za GBS. Kuyezetsa thupi, kuwonjezera pa kusokonezeka kwachisokonezo ndi magalimoto, mopanda malire ndi kwambiri tendon reflexes si zachilendo. Kuyezetsa kuyezetsa magazi, kufufuza kwa mitsempha ya mitsempha, komanso kugwiritsira ntchito cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), kungagwiritsidwe ntchito. (Kusintha kulikonse kwa CSF mapuloteni otetezera, omwe amasonyeza kuti ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV, kutenga masabata angapo kuti asonyeze.)
Chithandizo
Anthu omwe ali ndi GBS ayenera kupeza thandizo lachipatala ndi mankhwala. Kawirikawiri, kuchipatala ndi lingaliro labwino mpaka pangozi yowonongeka kupuma.
Zosankha zamakono za GBS zilipo monga zotsatirazi:
- Mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi operekera (mankhwala opatsirana kuthamanga kwa magazi) amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza hypotension, kapena kuthamanga kwa magazi pang'ono
- Heparin , magazi owonda, angaperekedwe kuti achepetse mwayi wa embolism wamapulmoni;
- Intravenous immunoglobulin
- Plasmapheresis
- Mankhwala othandiza kupuma
Mankhwala, prednisone, kapena steroid, angapitirize nthawi yaitali kuchira ndi mankhwala ndi prednisone ayenera kupeŵa.
Kwa omwe ali ndi vuto la kupuma lochokera ku GBS, khalani pa ICU ndizoyenera kutulutsa mpweya wothandizira kupuma.
Kuthamangitsani
Mwamwayi, anthu ambiri amene amabwera ndi GBS amachira. Komabe, pafupifupi 20 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi GBS amakhala ndi vuto linalake lakutaya. Kuwonjezera apo, pafupifupi 3 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi GBS amapitiriza kubwereranso nthawi ina mtsogolo.
Pamapeto pake, Zika kachilombo kawonekedwe ka parallax. Kuchokera pa zochitika zaumunthu, Zika kachilombo ndi pangozi yomwe ikugwirizanitsa ndi zotsatira zoopsa kwambiri za zolephereka kubadwa ndi zotsatira zochepa za GBS.
> Zotsatira:
Papadakis MA, McPhee SJ. Guillain-Barré Syndrome. Mu: Papadakis MA, McPhee SJ. eds. Kufufuza kwachangu kwachipatala ndi chithandizo 2016 . New York, NY: Hill ya McGraw; 2016.