Ndasamalira odwala khansa ya prostate kwa zaka zoposa 20. Odwala amabwera kwa ine ndi malingaliro amtundu uliwonse. Pano pali machitidwe khumi olakwika kwambiri:
1. Ma Prostates Aakulu Ndi Oipa
Mavuto onse okhudzana ndi urinary system akuwoneka kuti akudzudzula kutambasula kwa prostate. Izi sizingakhale zoona chifukwa amuna omwe ali ndi zing'onoting'ono za prostate amadandaula kuti amapita ku bafa kawirikawiri.
Ngakhale amayi amavutika ndi mavutowa ndipo alibe prostate konse.
Chikhumbo chowonjezeka chokodza ndi chachibadwa, pamene anthu amakula. Chifukwa chiyani? Ndi njira yoteteza. Kumbukirani, zofuna zambiri za thupi ndi zowawa zimakula pang'onopang'ono ndi msinkhu. Eyesight dims, libido imatha, kumva kumachepetsedwa. Ngati chilakolako chokodza chimatheratu, impso kulephera ndi zotsatira za imfa.
Izi sizikutanthauza kuti chikhumbo chowonjezereka chokodza, pamene anthu akukula, n'chosavuta. Ayi, kungakhale vuto lenileni, makamaka pamene likulepheretsa kugona. Komabe, sizolondola kuti aike mlandu wonse pakulitsa kwa prostate. Ndipo kuchokera ku lingaliro la khansara, pali mwayi umodzi wokhala ndi prostate gland. Kafukufuku wambiri amasonyeza kuti ziphuphu zazikulu za prostate zimabala khansa zochepa, zimakhala zochepa kwambiri ndipo zimakhala ndi zotsatira zochepa zowononga khansa.
Kukhala ndi prostate gland nthawi zambiri sikuli bwino; palinso amuna ena omwe ali ndi majekeseni akuluakulu omwe amavutika ndi ubweya.
Komabe, amuna omwe ali ndi prostates ochulukanso angathe kuthokoza kuti matenda awo otetezedwa amakhala ndi mphamvu yotetezera khansa ya prostate.
2. Khansa ya Prostate Imayambitsa Zisonyezo
Kuyambira kale, anthu amangochezera madokotala okhaokha pamene gawo lina la matupi awo likupweteka kapena silikugwira ntchito. Koma khansara ya prostate siimachititsa zizindikiro zonse mpaka zitakula kwambiri.
Izi sizikutanthauza kuti anthu sangathe kukhala ndi zizindikiro zochokera kumalo a prostate chifukwa cha zinthu zina monga matenda opangira mkodzo kapena matenda opatsirana pogonana. Koma zizindikiro za khansa monga kupweteka kwa mafupa, kusintha kwa kukodza, ndi kupweteka kwa m'mimba kumangochitika ndi matenda apamwamba kwambiri , pamene khansara imafalikira kunja kwa chigoba. Malinga ngati amuna amachita machitidwe oyenerera chaka chilichonse ndi PSA (prostate-specific antigen), khansa idzapezeka nthawi yaitali isanayambe kuwonetsa zizindikiro.
3. PSA imabwera ndi khansa ya prostate
Ena a PSA angachokere ku khansa ya prostate, koma makamaka amapangidwa ndi prostate gland. Kukulitsa kwa ubongo kumachitika ngati amuna akukalamba, kupangitsa PSA kuwuka. Chinthu china chosagwiritsidwa ntchito mosavuta kwa PSA yapamwamba ndi kutupa kwa prostate, kotchedwa prostatitis. Choncho, kugwiritsa ntchito PSA yekha kuti muzindikire khansa ndizosavomerezeka, makamaka ngati PSA ili pansi pa khumi.
Izi sizikutanthauza kuti PSA ndi yopanda phindu. Monga tanena kale, palibe zizindikiro za khansa ya prostate pachiyambi. Choncho, PSA yapamwamba imasonyeza kuti chinachake chikuchitika ndi prostate. Ndikulingalira kwonyenga kwathunthu kuti kungoganiza kuti kuwuka kwa PSA kumaimira khansa. Amuna omwe ali ndi PSA yapamwamba ayenera kubwereza mayesero.
Ngati ikupitiriza kukwezedwa ayenera kupitiliza kufufuza za kuthekera kwa khansara ya prostate mwa kupeza Tesla yowonjezera ma multiriametric MRI, osati biopsy yosasintha.
4. Kachilombo ka Pakati pa Puloteni 12 Sichikufunika Kwambiri
Kuti apeze kachilombo ka prostate, mwamuna amakhala pambali pake ndi miyendo yake yokwezedwa ku chifuwa chake. Pambuyo pa enema ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndipo kachilomboka kamasambira ndi sopo, singano imayikidwa kangapo pakhoma la rectum kuti ijoke Novocain mkati ndi kuzungulira prostate. Kamodzi ka prostate kamakhala kosalala, 12 kapena zazikulu zazikulu zowonjezera zimachotsedwa ndi mfuti yosungidwa ndi sing'anga yomwe imapangidwa ndi msuzi.
Mankhwala opha tizilombo amaperekedwa nthawi zonse kuti athetse chiopsezo cha matenda.
Ngati mwachita mwaluso, ndondomeko ya biopsy imatenga mphindi 20 mpaka 30. Pambuyo pa ndondomekoyi, abambo amayamba kutuluka magazi mumtsuko ndi nyemba kwa mwezi kapena kuposerapo. Mavuto osakhalitsa ndi zovuta zitha kuchitika. Pa sabata yotsatira kapena awiri, amuna angapo (pafupifupi 2 peresenti) ali kuchipatala kuti athe kuchipatala. Nthaŵi zina, munthu amafa.
5. Dokotala aliyense amadandaula kwambiri pafupipafupi
Ngati prostate MRI imawulula malo okayikira ndipo biopsy yomwe imalimbikitsa (osati mwachisawawa) ikuwonetsa khansa, muyenera kufufuza akatswiri kuti musankhe chithandizo chabwino. Komabe, pali vuto. Madokotala onse mu dziko la khansa ya prostate onse amapereka malangizo ndi kupereka chithandizo. Vuto ndilo kuti amalipiridwa bwino pamene amapereka chithandizo. Choncho, ambiri amakakamizidwa kuti akulimbikitseni kuti mupeze mankhwala. Madokotala ndi anzeru mokwanira kuti adziwe kuti inu mukudziwa izi. Kotero, amadziika okha kukhala kumbali yanu ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira yogulitsa zofewa. Msonkhano wawo umakhala wosavuta komanso wokhutiritsa chifukwa amauza odwala atsopano tsiku ndi tsiku.
Njira yokhayo yothetsera vutoli ndi mkangano wa dokotala wa chidwi ndi kukonza kukambirana ndi dokotala ndikumupatsa iye (kapena) ngati dokotala wanu wokha. Muyenera kufotokoza momveka bwino kuyambira pachiyambi kuti pasadakhale iye (kapena) adzakhala dokotala wanu wothandizira . Cholinga cha msonkhano wanu ndi dokotala wopereka uphungu ndi kupeza chinsinsi chosadziwika kuti ndi chithandizo chotani chomwe chili chabwino kwa inu. Muyeneranso dokotala wopereka kuti akupatseni "chidziwitso cha mkati" za masewero a madokotala ena ku dera lanu la zamankhwala.
6. Khansa Yonse ya Prostate Ikhoza Kupha
Pali chisokonezo chachikulu chifukwa cholemba chimodzi, "khansara ya prostate," imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazosiyana zonse za matendawa. Ndi khansa ya khungu timatcha zinthu zoipa "khansa ya khansa." Mtundu wa khansa yapakhungu ndi woopsa kwambiri timatcha "basal cell." Ndi khansara ya prostate, mmalo mogwiritsa ntchito mayina osiyanasiyana timagwiritsa ntchito manambala. Mwachitsanzo, Gleason 7 ndi pamwambazi zingathe kufalikira ndipo nthawi zina zimafa (ngakhale zilibe kanthu koopsa ngati khansa ya khansa). Gleason 6 ndi pansi sizingafalikire. Gleason 6 imafanana ndi basal cell carcinoma ya khungu.
Tsopano kuti madokotala potsiriza akuzindikira kusiyana kumeneku, akubwerera kuchoka ku chithandizo cha mankhwala kwa aliyense. Amuna osankhidwa amaikidwa poyang'anitsitsa popanda chithandizo chamankhwala. Njira yatsopanoyi imatchedwa kuyang'anira . Pazaka khumi zapitazo, kuyang'ana kwachangu kwakhala kukuvomerezedwa kuti ndi njira yabwino yothetsera amuna osankhidwa ndi khansa ya prostate ya Gleason 6. Kuonetsetsa mwachidwi kumavomerezedwa ndi National Comprehensive Care Network (NCCN), The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), ndi American Urological Association (AUA) monga njira yowonetsera Gleason 6.
7. Zotsatira Zowonongeka Kuchokera Kuchipatala ndi Mafunde Akufanana
Amuna omwe ali ndi Gleason 7 ndi pamwamba amayenera kupeza mtundu wina wa mankhwala. Popeza amuna ambiri omwe atulukira kumene amalingalira makamaka ndi a urologist (yemwe ndi dokotala wa opaleshoni), opaleshoni nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa monga chithandizo cha kusankha. Vuto ndilokuti opaleshoni imakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri ndipo mankhwala amachiritsika amakhala otsika kuposa zomwe zimawoneka ndi miyezi yowonjezera mbewu. Pano pali mndandanda, osati zonse, kuphatikizapo zotsatira zina zovuta zomwe opaleshoni ikhoza kuyambitsa:
- Matenda opatsirana a mbolo kapena "Matenda a Peyronie." Pofufuza amuna 276 opatsidwa opaleshoni, 17,4 peresenti ya amunawo anayamba kupanga zolakwika.
- Akatswiri adanena kuti kukhetsa mkodzo, wotchedwa "Climacturia," kumapezeka pafupifupi 20 peresenti ya amuna omwe amachitidwa opaleshoni ya prostate.
- Kusadziletsa kumtunda kumachitika odwala 5 kapena 10 peresenti ya odwala.
- Kusokonezeka maganizo, kuthamanga kwa mkodzo ndi kulumpha, kuseka, kukhwimitsa, kutsekemera, ndi zina zotero kumachitika odwala 50 peresenti.
- Shrinkage ya mbolo imapezeka ndi pafupifupi theka la inchi.
- Zowonjezera, mavuto okhudza opaleshoni amachitika, kuphatikizapo imfa nthawi zina.
8. Mungathe Kutsegula Mazira Patatha Opaleshoni, Osati Vice Versa
Malo amodzi ogulitsa omwe ambiri amawopa odwala amatonthozedwa ndi malingaliro omwe akupanga ukonde wotetezera, ndondomeko yobwezeretsa, pochita opaleshoni "yoyamba" m'malo mochita opaleshoni. Madokotala awo amawauza kuti, "Ngati khansara idzabwerenso atatha opaleshoni akhoza kuchita ma radiation, koma opaleshoni siingakhoze kuchitika pambuyo poizonika." Izi siziri zoona. Mbeu ya Salvage yowonjezera mwa amuna amene abwererenso mu prostate pambuyo poti mazira akuchitika mobwerezabwereza.
Komabe, palinso chifukwa chomveka chonyalanyaza "mpikisano wamagulu." Kuyambira ndi opaleshoniyi ndipadera zaka 15 zapitazo pamene opaleshoni ndi ma radiation anali ndi mankhwala ochiritsira omwe amawopsa. Lero ili ndi kukangana kwakukulu. Mafuta a masiku ano ali ndi zotsatira zochepa kusiyana ndi opaleshoni komanso mankhwala ochiritsira bwino. Mukafuna kuchiza khansa, bwanji kuyamba ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso oopsa kwambiri pamene mukukhala ndi mankhwala abwino?
9. Mvula ya Mbewu ndi Mvula Yamoto Ndi Zonse
Pali mitundu iwiri yosiyanasiyana ya ma radiation ndipo akhoza kugawa m'magulu awiri:
- Mbewu ya radiation-yosatha komanso yazing'ono-yomwe imayambitsa ma radiation mu prostate
- Mitsinje ya IMRT, SBRT ndi mankhwala a proton-omwe ma radiation amawomba kupyolera mu thupi kuti agwire prostate
Kawirikawiri, njira ziwirizi zikuphatikizidwa. Mpaka posachedwa, kuganiza kuti machiritso anali ofanana ndi njira zonse.
Chikhulupiriro ichi chasintha kuyambira poyesa mayesero abwino omwe amawunikira kuyeza kwa nthawi yaitali kwa miyendo ya miyala, kuphatikizapo mbewu, kuti adziwe kuwala kwa dzuwa. Zaka zisanu ndi zitatu pambuyo pochiritsidwa, amuna omwe ankagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mbeu limodzi kuphatikizapo miyendo yazitsulo, anali ndi kuchepa kwa 20 peresenti pangozi yawo yobwereranso poyerekeza ndi amuna omwe anali ndi mpweya wozizira okha.
10. Kubwereranso kwa khansa ya prostate = Imfa
Ambiri mwa khansa-mapapo, mapuloteni, ndi pancreatic mwachitsanzo-ngati abwereranso kuchipatala, amachititsa imfa mkati mwa chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri. Nzosadabwitsa kuti mawu akuti "khansa" amachititsa mantha m'mitima ya anthu. Koma anthu amafunika kuzindikira kuti kufa kwapakati pa khansa ya prostate, ngakhale pamene itangoyamba kumene kuchipatala ndi opaleshoni kapena ma radiation, sizimveka. Ngati munthu amene amachiritsidwa kale ndi khansa ya prostate ali ndi kubwereza, mwachitsanzo, kumapangitsa PSA yowonongeka ku khansa ikubweranso, pafupifupi moyo ndi zaka 13.
Pali zifukwa zambiri zowonjezera kuti odwala akhale ndi chiyembekezo. Kuthamanga kumeneku kukukwaniritsidwa ndi luso la zamankhwala likufulumira kwambiri. Mankhwalawa ndi osangalatsa kwambiri. Pulezidenti wakale Jimmy Carter wodabwitsa kwambiri kuchoka ku matenda a melanoma omwe amachititsa kuti chiwindi ndi ubongo wake ziwonongeke, ndi chitsanzo chaposachedwapa. Mitundu ina yatsopano ya mankhwala imatha kulumikiza ndi kuyambitsa matenda oopsa m'madera osiyanasiyana m'thupi lonse. Potsirizira pake, mankhwala osankhidwa ndi majeremusi amatha kukhala othandiza chifukwa cha kufalikira kwapafupi kumeneku kofufuza molondola za chifuwa cha genetic. Kafukufuku akupita patsogolo. Choncho amuna omwe ali ndi khansara ya prostate ali ndi chiyembekezo chenicheni cha zinthu zambiri zomwe zidzachitike posachedwapa.