Ankle Sprains

Chidziwitso Chokhudzana ndi Nkhuta Yotsamba

Kachira kameneka kamapezeka pambali pang'onopang'ono kapena kupotoza kwa phazi. Mphuno yamatumbo ikhoza kuchitika pa zochitika zamasewera kapena pazochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku. Zonsezi zimakhala zovuta kapena zosayerekezera zomwe zimapangitsa kuti atuluke m'mimba. Ndicho chifukwa kuvulala kumeneku kuli pakati pa mavuto omwe amayamba kawirikawiri.

Nthawi zambiri munthu amatha kudumphira kapena kuthamanga kumalo osagwirizana.

Mwachitsanzo, mabala ang'onoang'ono amawoneka pamene masewera a basketball amatsika ndikudumpha phazi lina. Zitsulo zamatchetche zimakhalanso ndi zochitika zina zamasiku ndi tsiku monga kutsika kapena kutayira pa ayezi.

Mng'oma yamagulu ndi kuvulaza mitsempha yomwe imathandizira bondo. Mitsemphayi ndi nyumba zomwe zimayendetsa kusuntha kwambiri. Pamene mitsempha imatuluka, mitsempha imatambasula kwambiri, ndipo imagawanika pang'ono.

Pali mitundu ikuluikulu ya mabotolo:

• Inversion Ankle Sprains
  Mtundu wambiri wamatumbo umachitika pamene phazi limasinthidwa, kupotoza mkati. Pamene mtundu uwu wa mitsempha umachitika, zakunja, kapena zowonjezera, zimagwedezeka kwambiri. Pali zitatu zitsulo zam'mbali zam'mbali zomwe zimathandizira kunja kwa mgwirizano. Pafupifupi 90 peresenti ya zitsulo zamagulu ndi zovulala. Ululu umakhala kunja kwa bondo, ndipo kawirikawiri sizing'onozing'ono mkati mwa mgwirizano.

• Eversion Ankle Sprains
  Mtundu wina wa mitsempha yozembera imatchedwa kuvulaza konse, kumene phazi limapotola kunja. Izi zikachitika, mimba yamkati, yotchedwa deltoid ligament, imatambasulidwa kwambiri. Odwala amamva kupweteka pambali pamphuno.

Kuonjezerapo, pali kusiyana kosiyana komwe kumatchedwa kuti mkulu wamatumbo .

Kuvulala kumeneku kumakhala kovuta kwambiri pamene kumaphatikizapo mitsempha pamwamba pa khungu komanso kumbali ya mgwirizano. Mitsempha yomwe imagwirizanitsa mafupa awiri a mwendo imatchedwa syndesmosis, ndipo mapiritsi apamwamba amatenga kuvulaza kwa mliriwu.

Nkhumba Zimapanga Zizindikiro

Zizindikiro zowonjezereka za bondo zimaphatikizapo:

• Kutupa kwa mavoti pamodzi
• Kudandaula kuzungulira mchimako, nthawizina kumapazi ndi zala
• Ululu wozungulira mimba
• Zovuta kugwedeza minofu mmwamba kapena pansi
• Kusokonezeka pamene mukuyesa kuyenda

Mlingo wa zizindikiro umakhala wogwirizana bwino ndi kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha. Madokotala ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njira yoikapo magulu kuti agwiritse ntchito magulu opangisa. Kumbukirani, izi ndizigawo zambiri, ndipo palibe kalasi iliyonse yomwe ineyo ndimapanga. Magulu awa amapereka wothamanga wovulazidwa chifukwa cha kuopsa kwa kuvulala ndi kuyerekezera kuti apulumuke.

• Kalasi I Ankle Sprain:
  Maphunziro a kalasi ya I ankle amayambitsa kutambasula kwa ligament. Zizindikiro zimangokhala zowawa komanso kutupa. Odwala ambiri amatha kuyenda popanda ndodo, koma sangathe kugwa kapena kulumpha.
• Mphindi Wachiwiri Wachikale:
  Maphunziro a alangizi othandizira alimi a ziweto am midzi Nthawi zambiri pamakhala kutupa komanso kutupa komwe kumayambitsa kutuluka magazi pansi pa khungu. Odwala nthawi zambiri amamva kupweteka ndi kuyenda, koma amatha kuchita zochepa.

• Kalasi yachitatu Ankle Sprain:
  Maphunziro a alangizi othandizira alimi a ziweto am midzi ndi misozi yambiri ya mitsempha. Ng'ombe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopweteka, ndipo kuyenda kungakhale kovuta. Odwala akhoza kudandaula za kusakhazikika, kapena kutengeka maganizo pamagulu a mavoti.

Monga tanenera kale, kupweteka ndi kutupa ndizo zizindikiro zowoneka bwino za bulu. Odwala nthawi zambiri amazindikira kuvulaza chifukwa cha kuvulala. Kuvulaza uku kudzasunthira phazi kumapazi kumasiku apambuyo a mitsempha - chifukwa chake mphamvu yokoka imakoka magazi pansi pa phazi.

Nthawi Yomwe Muwone Dokotala

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zazikulu pamatumbo, muyenera kuchipatala.

Zizindikiro zomwe ziyenera kukweza nkhawa zikuphatikizapo:

• Kulephera kuyenda pa bondo
• Kutupa kwakukulu
• Zizindikiro zomwe sizikufulumira msanga kapena kupitirira masiku angapo
• Ululu pa phazi kapena pamwamba pa bondo

Kusiyanitsa pakati pa khungu lamatumbo ndi kupweteka kwa minofu kungakhale kovuta, ndipo nthawizina x-ray ikufunika. Ngakhale kupweteka pang'ono ndi kutupa kumakhala zizindikiro zachidzidzidzi pamatumbo ophweka, zizindikiro monga kusakhoza kuika kulemera kwa mwendo kapena kupweteka pamphuno kumapangitsa nkhawa. Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwakhala mukuchita zowonjezera zokhazokha, muyenera kuchipatala.

Mphuno yapamwamba ndi mtundu wina wa kuvulala kwa mitsempha pamwamba pa khungu. Pamwamba pamatumbo, mitsempha yomwe ili pamwamba pamwambayi imalowanso. Mitsempha iyi, yotchedwa Syndesmosis ligaments, imagwirizanitsa mafupa awiri (tibia ndi fibula), ndipo imakhala ndi nthawi yambiri yobwezera .

Nkhumba Yothandizira Chithandizo

Chithandizo cha opaleshoni yamakono ndi chofunika chifukwa kubwerera kuntchito zofunikira nthawi yake n'kofunika kwa odwala ambiri. Chithandizo chimayamba ndi kachitidwe ka RICE (Mpumulo, Chakuda, Kuponderezana, ndi Kukula), koma ayenera kupita mwamsanga kukonzanso ndi kulimbitsa. Zochitika zosazolowereka chabe ndizochita opaleshoni zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti zitha kupatsidwa mankhwala.

> Zotsatira:

> Maofulli N, Ferran NA. "Kuwongolera kusasinthasintha kwapakhosi ndi kovuta" J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2008 Oct; 16 (10): 608-15.