Lymphoma ndi khansa ya ma lymphocytes, yomwe ili maselo oyera a magazi omwe makamaka amakhalapo mu thupi la mimba, koma amakhalanso ndi magazi ndi ziwalo zina za thupi. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya lymphoma, ndipo zizindikiro zambiri zimatha, monga zotsatira.
Lymphocytes, maselo oyera a m'magazi oyera omwe ali ndi mitsempha yambiri ya mitsempha yotchedwa lymphoma, amapezeka mthupi lonse la mitsempha yotchedwa lymphatic system - mzere wa zombo zomwe zimanyamula ziwalo zam'mimba . Lymphocytes amamenyana ndi mabakiteriya ndi matenda a tizilombo ndipo amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri m'thupi la chitetezo cha thupi. Mankhwala am'nofu , omwe ndi mbali ya mitsempha yotchedwa lymphatic system, ndi yaing'ono ya mitsempha yambiri yomwe imafalikira m'thupi lonse, monga zizindikiro za kayendedwe kake. Cholinga chawo ndi kupopera mankhwala amphongo pamene akudutsa mwa iwo. Kaŵirikaŵiri, maselo a mitsempha amayamba kukulitsa mu lymphoma, ndipo ndicho chomwe chimayambitsa mtanda umene ukhoza kumverera pansi pa khungu.
Nthawi zambiri, thanzi la lymphocyte labwino limatha kulowa mkati ndi kunja kwa maselo am'mimba kuti akwaniritse ntchito yawo yoteteza mthupi. Pamene lymphoma imakula, maselo a lymphoma amatha kumanga m'matumbo, kuphatikizapo mafupa, mphala, ndi ziwalo zina za thupi. Ngakhale kuti ma lymphomas amayamba m'ziwalo zam'mimba, amatha kufika kulikonse.
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya lymphoma, koma chifukwa cha mbiri yakale, lymphoma imagawidwa m'magulu awiri : Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) -nso imatchedwa matenda a Hodgkin-osati a Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), omwe amatanthauza mafupa ena onse.
Zizindikiro za Lymphoma
Zizindikiro zowononga za lymphoma zikhoza kukhala zonyenga kwambiri kuti zingatenge zaka zambiri munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda akuzindikira kuti pali cholakwika chilichonse. Kuwonjezera apo, zizindikiro zambiri za lymphoma siziri zenizeni, kutanthauza kuti zikhoza kuchitika mowonjezereka komanso woopsa, osakhala ndi khansa. Choncho, ndikofunika kukaonana ndi dokotala wanu kuti mudziwe bwinobwino .
Mphungu Yopanda Pakati Mkhosi Yanu, Armpits, kapena Groin
Ichi ndi chizindikiro chofala kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri ndicho chizindikiro chokhacho. Zilondazi ndizitsulo zazikuluzikulu . Anthu ambiri amayamba kuwona zizindikiro izi pamene akusamba kapena kusintha, kapena wokondedwa kapena wina wamkulu akhoza kuyamba kuwamva. Node zazikulu sizisonyezo za lymphoma.
Kawirikawiri, mtanda wochokera ku node yowonjezereka sizowopsya, koma nthawi zina zimakhala zowawa pambuyo pa kumwa mowa, zomwe zachitika nthawi zambiri za Hodgkin lymphoma.
Ngati muli ndi nsautso yowopsya ndipo simukudziwa ngati ndi mliri kapena chinthu china, onani dokotala wanu. Madokotala ali ndi chidziwitso chokwanira cha ma lymph drainage, pamodzi ndi malo omwe ali ndi maselo ena. Poona inu ndikuyesera thupi lanu, dokotala wanu nthawi zambiri amatha kusiyanitsa mofulumira kusiyana pakati pa ziwalo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, mapiritsi, mapuloteni omwe amadziwika bwino.
Khansa kupatula lymphoma ingayambitsenso mitsempha yotupa. Ndipo, zindikirani kuti nthawi zambiri mitsempha yowonjezera imakhala chifukwa cha zinthu zina monga matenda, osati khansa. Izi ndi zoona makamaka kwa ana. Node zofutukuka chifukwa cha kachilombo kawirikawiri zimabwerera kukula kwake kwa milungu ingapo kapena miyezi ingapo chiwindi chitatha.
Kutaya Kwambiri Kunenepa
Kuchepetsa kutaya thupi m'kati mwa lymphoma kawirikawiri kumapezeka mofulumira ndipo kungakhale ndi zifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zina zimapezeka chifukwa maselo a khansa amafunikira mphamvu yowonjezera pamene thupi likugwira ntchito mwakhama kuti liwathetse. Mtundu uwu wa kulemera kosayembekezereka nthawi zambiri umakhala mbali ya ma lymphomas omwe akukula mofulumira.
Kawirikawiri munthu akhoza kutaya mapaundi khumi mpaka khumi ndi asanu pa miyezi ingapo. Ndikofunika kuwona dokotala ngati mutayika zoposa 5 peresenti ya kulemera kwa thupi pa mwezi umodzi kapena kuposa 10 peresenti pa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
Kafukufuku wambiri ayesa kudziwa kufunika kwa kulemera kwa thupi ndi kulemera kwa thupi kapena chiwerengero cha mthupi (BMI) mu lymphoma. Sichidziwikiratu ngati kulemera kwa thupi pa nthawi ya chidziwitso kawirikawiri kumakhudza momwe munthu amadziwira kapena kupulumuka. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti chiwerengero cholemera cha thupi chikhoza kukhala ndi moyo wabwino nthawi zina, koma osati ena. Kafukufuku watsopano, mwachitsanzo, apeza kuti kuwonjezeka kwa BMI kunagwirizanitsidwa ndi kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi kwa odwala omwe si a Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) ndi Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL); Kuphunzira awiri kwa odwala omwe ali ndi NHL, komabe anapeza kuti kuwonjezeka kwa BMI kunagwirizanitsa ndi kuchepa kwa moyo, ndipo wina adapeza kuti BMI sinagwirizane kwambiri ndi odwala omwe ali ndi mliri waukulu wa B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), HL kapena follicular lymphoma (FL ).
Kulemera kwa thupi ndi chimodzi cha zizindikiro zitatu zotchedwa 'B zizindikiro.' Zina ziwiri zimakhala ndi malungo komanso thukuta.
Fever
Chiwopsezo chomwe chimapitirira kapena chimachitika mwachidwi kwa nthawi ndithu ndipo sichikuwoneka ngati chokhudzana ndi chifuwa kapena matenda a mkodzo ndi chizindikiro chofunika kuti udziwe dokotala wanu. Chiwombankhanga chomwe chimagwirizana ndi nodevu zowonongeka zimapezeka kawirikawiri ndi matenda, ndipo mafupa ambiri amatha kulakwitsa chifukwa cha matenda . Nthaŵi zina, mwa anthu amene amavutika ndi Hodgkin lymphoma , malungo otchedwa Pel-Ebstein fever amapezeka. Ichi ndi chitsanzo cha fever chimene madokotala ambiri amaphunzira pa nthawi ya maphunziro awo, koma mwina sichipezeka chosowa mu lymphoma.
Chiwindi ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zitatu zomwe zimatchedwa 'B zizindikiro.' Zina ziwirizo ndi thukuta ndi kulemera.
Kuwombera Kwambiri pa Usiku
Aliyense nthawi zina amadzuka kuti apeze kuti ali ndi thukuta, makamaka pamene akugona m'mabulangete ambiri kapena m'chipinda chofunda chosasangalatsa. Zochitika izi sizimaganiziridwa kuti zimatuluka usiku ndipo sizikuwonetsa vuto lachipatala.
Zojambula zenizeni za usiku zimakhala zochititsa chidwi kwambiri. Mukhoza kudzuka usiku mutagwidwa ndi thukuta popanda chifukwa chilichonse. Usiku uku akuwombera kawirikawiri kukufuna kuti musinthe zovala zanu ndi mabedi ogona. Mapajamas anu ndi zitsulo zogonera zimakhala zikuwomba. Zindikirani, kutuluka usiku kungathenso kuchitika masana.
Ngakhale ziri zoona kuti usiku ulumphira ukhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha lymphoma, ndizowona kuti zonse zomwe zimapha zinthu zingabweretse thukuta usiku, kuphatikizapo mankhwala ndi mowa, matenda monga HIV / AIDS, matenda ena ogona, komanso nkhawa zina. Ndipo, ndithudi, usiku kutukuta ndi kutentha kwambiri ndizofala pakati pa akazi nthawi yonse ya kusamba.
Zizindikiro zitatu zisanachitike-malungo, kulemera kwake, ndi thukuta-nthawi zina amatchedwa 'zizindikiro B.' Ili ndilo mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyambitsa matendawa. Mu mafupa ena, kukhalapo kwa zizindikiro B kungakhale kofunikira; mu mitundu ina ya lymphoma, ndizochepa.
Kutentha
Kuwotcha kumafala kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi Hodgkin lymphoma kusiyana ndi omwe si a Hodgkin lymphoma. Ndipotu, pafupifupi mmodzi mwa anthu atatu omwe ali ndi lymphoma ya Hodgkin amatha kuyabwa, nthawi zambiri popanda kuwonekera. Kuyabwa nthawi zambiri kumakhudza manja, mapazi, miyendo yochepa, kapena thupi lonse. Kuyabwa kungakhale kovuta, makamaka nyengo yotentha, ndipo nthawi zambiri imakhala yoipitsitsa usiku.
Chifukwa cha kuyabwa komwe kumachitika mu lymphoma sichidziwikiratu, koma zizindikiro za maselo zotchedwa cytokines zimakhulupirira kuti ndizoyang'aniridwa, mwina mbali, chifukwa cha kuyabwa kwa kuyabwa. Mu mitundu ya lymphoma yomwe imakhudza khungu, kuyabwa kumachitika pakhungu la khungu lomwe limakhudzidwa ndi matendawa.
Kutaya Zakudya
Pamene ma lymphomas amafalikira mkati mwa thupi ndikukula, anthu ambiri amamva kuti akusowa chakudya, ndipo amachepetsa kwambiri kulemera. Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zosiyana zowonongeka kwa chilakolako chomwe chikhoza kuchitika mu lymphoma.
Nthawi zina, ma lymphomas omwe amayamba kapena kukula m'mimba amachititsa kutupa kapena kupweteka m'mimba. Izi zikhoza kukhala kuchokera ku mitsempha yambiri yomwe yakhala yayikulu, kapena kuchokera ku ziwalo monga nthenda kapena chiwindi chomwe chakhala chikudwala. Kukwanira m'mimba kungathenso chifukwa chakumanga madzi ambiri m'mimba. Nkhungu yotambasula ikhoza kuyambitsa mimba, yomwe ingayambitse kusowa kwa njala ndi kumverera kwodzala pambuyo pa chakudya chochepa. Mankhwala am'mimba m'mimba kapena matumbo angayambitsenso kupweteka m'mimba, kunyozetsa, kapena kusanza.
Kumva Kufooka
Pamene maselo a khansa akukula nthawi zonse, amagwiritsira ntchito zakudya zamthupi, ndipo amasiya thupi. Imodzi mwa njira zambiri zomwe zingapangitse munthu kukhala ndi lymphoma kukhala wofooka. Zofooka zingakhalenso chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi ngati lymphoma ikukhala ndi mafupa omwe maselo ofiira amagawidwa.
Matenda a magazi amatanthauza kuti thupi liribe maselo ofiira a magazi othandiza kuti azigwira ntchito yotulutsa oksijeni m'matumbo-kuphatikizapo minofu ndi ubongo. Choncho, kuchepa kwa magazi kungawonongeke, komanso kumatopa kapena kutopa kwa munthu amene ali ndi lymphoma.
Kupuma Pamodzi Pamodzi ndi Kutupa kwa nkhope ndi khosi
Kawirikawiri, pamene lymphoma m'khosi kapena pachifuwa imakula kwambiri, ikhoza kutsegula zombo zina ndikuyambitsa kupweteka kwa nkhope ndi khosi komanso kumverera mopuma. Kupuma pang'ono ndi chifuwachi zingakhalenso zizindikiro pamene lilimphoma imakula mu mediastinum, chigawo cha chifuwa chomwe chimakhala ndi mtima ndipo chimapangidwa ndi mapapo ndi matupi apamwamba pamwamba ndi pansipa.
Monga maselo am'mimba amatha kukhala ndi chiwalo chilichonse, amachititsa zizindikiro zina zachilendo. Mthemphama m'mimba imatha kupweteka m'mimba, ndipo lymphoma mu ubongo ingayambitse mutu kapena kufooka kwa mwendo, mwachitsanzo.
Mawu Ochokera
Ngati mukumva zizindikiro zingapo kapena mukumverera kuti muli ndi lymphoma, onani dokotala wanu. Zizindikiro izi zingakhale chizindikiro cha chinthu china, kapena ayi. Katswiri wa zamankhwala yekha amatha kudziwa bwino chifukwa cha zizindikiro zanu.
Zotsatira:
> YJ, Yi PY, Li JW, et al. Kuwonjezeka kwa chiwerengero cha misala cha thupi kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi kupulumuka kwa chilengedwe chonse ku extranodal wakupha / T-cell lymphoma, mtundu wamkati. Oncotarget . 2017; 8 (3): 4245-4256.
> American Cancer Society, 2017. Zizindikiro za non-Hodgkin lymphoma.