Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) ndi chinthu chosavuta koma chomwe chingakhale choopsyeza moyo wa khungu kumbali yakutali ya khungu (epidermis) imasiyanitsa kuchokera kumtunda pakati pa (dermis) epidermis, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti imfa ikhale yofulumira.
Ngakhale kuti SJS ingayambitsidwe ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mawere ndi typhoid, amapezeka kwambiri ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Matenda a hyperensitivity amapezeka pamene kutuluka kwa mankhwala ena kumayambitsa matenda osadziwika omwe amateteza thupi lake ndi maselo ake.
Mankhwala ena opatsirana pogonana omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza HIV akukhudzidwa ndi ngozi yaikulu ya SJS kuphatikizapo Viramune (nevirapine), Ziagen (abacavir), ndi Isentress (raltegravir).
Maantibayotiki, makamaka mankhwala osokoneza bongo, amakhalanso okhudzidwa muzochitika za SJS. Ndipotu, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a anti-tuberculosis rifampin kungawonjezere chiopsezo cha SJS kwa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV.
Zizindikiro
SJS nthawi zambiri imayamba ndi zizindikiro zochepa monga kutopa, kutentha thupi, ndi pakhosi. Izi zimakonda kutsatiridwa ndi maonekedwe a zilonda zopweteka pamatumbo, milomo, lilime, ndi maso a mkati (ndipo nthawi zina zimakhala ndi ziwalo zamkati). Zingatanthauzenso mbali zazikulu za nkhope, thunthu, mapeto, ndi zidutswa za mapazi, kuwonetseredwa ndi zotupa za pafupi inchi kukula kwake.
Zizindikiro zimawoneka mkati mwa masabata awiri oyambirira kuyamba mankhwala atsopano. Ngati simunatsatidwe ndipo mankhwalawa sasiya, kuwonongeka kwa thupi kumatha kuwonongeka ndi maso, khungu, kapena imfa. Sepsis , vuto lofulumira kwambiri, loopsya moyo, lingayambitse pamene mabakiteriya ochokera ku matenda a SJS alowa m'magazi ndikufalikira mthupi lonse, kuchititsa mantha ndi kufooka kwa thupi.
Nthawi zina SJS amalakwitsa chifukwa cha erythema multiforme, mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amasonyeza kuti akukwera, kofiira kapena wofiira. SJS, mosiyana, imagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuphulika kwa chiphuphu chomwe chingagwirizane kupanga mapepala akuluakulu a khungu. Ngakhale kumayambiriro koyambirira, madokotala ambiri adzalongosola kuti SJS imakhala "wokwiya" chifukwa cha kuoneka kwawo kowawa, kotentha.
Chithandizo
Kusiyiratu kwa mankhwala omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chinthu choyamba ngati SJS akukayikira. Mavuto aakulu, chithandizo cha SJS n'chofanana ndi odwala omwe amawotcha kwambiri, kuphatikizapo kusungirako madzi, kugwiritsa ntchito zovala zosamatira, kuteteza kutentha, komanso chithandizo chothandizira kuthetsa ululu ndi zakudya.
Kamodzi mankhwala atayimitsidwa chifukwa cha SJS, sayenera kuyambiranso
Ngozi
Ngakhale kuti SJS ingakhudze aliyense, pali ena amene amawoneka kuti ali ndi chibadwa choyambirira. Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi jini HLA-B 1502 amatha kukhala ndi SJS ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka kwambiri chomwe chimawonedwa pakati pa anthu achi China, Indian, ndi South East Asia.
Kuwonjezera pa mankhwala olembedwa pamwambapa, mankhwala ambiri omwe amalembedwa amathandizidwanso ndi SJS. Zikuphatikizapo:
- Mankhwala otsutsana ndi kutupa (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) monga acetaminophen, ibuprofen, ndi sodium naproxen
- Penicillin
- Mankhwala a anti-gout monga allopurinol
- Anticonvulsants ankagwiritsa ntchito kuchiza khunyu
- Antipsychotics amagwiritsa ntchito matenda opatsirana
- Kuchiza ma ARV
> Zotsatira:
> Knight, L .; Muloiwa, R .; Dlamini, S. et al. "Zinthu Zogwirizana ndi Kuwonjezeka kwa Imfa mwa Anthu Odwala kachilombo ka HIV omwe ali ndi Stevens-Johnson Syndrome ndi Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis." PLoS ONE. 2014; 9 (4): e93543. DOI: 10.1371 / magazini.pone.0093543.
> Dipatimenti ya US Health and Human Services (DHHS). "Malangizo othandizira kugwiritsa ntchito antiretroviral Agent kwa Achikulire omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV ndi 1: Zoperekera kuchipatala ndi chitetezo - Zotsatira zovuta za mankhwala ochepetsa kachilombo ka HIV." Washington, DC; inapezeka pa June 7, 2015.