Mu 2017, asayansi atsimikizira kuti pali kugwirizana pakati pa ubwana wachinyamata ndi mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti azimayi azikhala ndi zaka zitatu. Kafukufuku, wofalitsidwa mu nyuzipepala ya Environment International ndi ofufuza a Columbia University of Mailman School of Public Health, anali woyamba kufotokoza za kugwirizana pakati pa kufotokoza kwa phthalate ndi ntchito ya chithokomiro kwa ana.
Kafukufukuyu anawoneka pa mahomoni asanu ndi awiri komanso mahomoni awiri a chithokomiro. Maseŵera otsika a thyroxine (free T4) anali okhudzana ndi magawo akuluakulu a anayi asanu omwe anaphunziridwa mu atsikana a zaka zitatu. Chochititsa chidwi, chiyanjanocho chinali chochepa kwa atsikana; anyamata sadakhudzidwe.
Pamposor-Litvak, yemwe ndi pulofesa wa Epidemiology pa Sukulu ya Mailman, ananena kuti:
Chithokomiro chimakhala ngati wolamulira wamkulu wa ubongo. Mahomoni a chithokomiro amapanga ndondomekoyi, ndipo ngati nthawiyo silingatheke, pangakhale zotsatira zina mu ubongo. Kusokonezeka kwa chithokomiro chomwe timachiwona mu phunziro lino ... kungathe kufotokozera mavuto ena omwe timawawona mwa ana omwe akuwombera ndipo tsopano tikufufuzira. Ngakhale kuchepa kwazing'ono kungapangitse kusiyana kwakukulu. Kupita patsogolo, nkofunika kudziwa zomwe phthalates zimachita kuti zisavulaze ana, komanso njira yomwe zotsatirazi zimapwetekedwa. Cholinga chathu chachikulu ndichokuteteza mibadwo yotsatira.
Kodi Mauthenga Athawa N'chiyani?
Phthalates ndi kalasi ya mankhwala omwe amaonedwa kuti ndi osokoneza bongo. Kusokonezeka kwa Endocrine ndi mankhwala omwe amalepheretsa ntchito ya mapuloteni otchedwa endocrine, kuphatikizapo chithokomiro ndi zilonda zobereka, pakati pa ena. Mavuto okhudzidwa ndi matendawa amathandiza kuti kuchepa kwa umuna kuchepetsedwe komanso kuchepa kwa umuna pakati pa amuna, ndi zolakwika zowonongeka kwa anyamata, komanso chiopsezo cha chifuwa cha mphumu ndi mphumu.
Nthaŵi zina mafinatates amatchedwa plasticizers ndipo amawonjezeredwa m'mapulasitiki, makamaka polyvinyl chloride kapena PVC, kuti awapangitse kukhala ochepetseka komanso ochepetseka kwambiri. Ngati munayamba mwazindikira "fungo latsopano" kapena fungo la nsalu yatsopano ya pulasitiki, izi ndizo zomwe mumamva. Mankhwala amaphatikizidwanso kumasamalidwe osiyanasiyana ndi makina okongola kuti apangitse zonunkhira ndi zonunkhira motalika.
Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kofala kwa zaka zopitirira makumi asanu ndi limodzi kwachititsa kuti kufalikira kwafala, kudyetsa, kutsekemera, ndi kuyamwa kudzera pakhungu. Kafufuzidwe amasonyeza kuti maulendo apamwamba a zamatsenga amapezeka mwa Ambiri Ambiri.
Zida Zomwe Zimakhala ndi Zamtundu
Ambiri amapezeka m'magulu otsatirawa:
- Zipangizo zamapulasitiki ndi vinyl ndi ma tebulo ochapira
- Zojambula zogonana zapulasitiki
- Mitsuko yoledzera
- Zakudya zosungiramo chakudya cha pulasitiki
- Zojambula zowonjezera kuphatikizapo pulasitiki, mapuloteni, zipangizo zamatabwa, nsalu zachakuta, mipando ya udzu, zovala zina za pulasitiki (ie, mvula yamvula ndi mvula)
- Kupita kwa galimoto
- Mapologalamu a pulasitiki
- Zithunzi
- Zakudya zina za mkaka, ndi nyama zina ndi tchizi
- Madzi ena apampopi
- Zosangalatsa zonunkhira
- Mafuta, kapu, ndi pambuyo
- Mafuta a mwana, shampoo, ndi lotions
- Zakudya zamadzimadzi, shampoo, mafuta a tsitsi, tsitsi la tsitsi, ndi nsalu ya msomali
- Kuchapa zovala
- Kutentha kwa mpweya
- Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda
Mmene Mungapewere Mapatala
Pali njira zingapo zochepetsera ndi kuchepetsa kufotokozera zamatsenga.
Pewani Zipangizo Zomwe Mumalemba Masaltate Aliwonse Monga Zosakaniza
Mudzawonanso phthalate mu dzina, koma likhozanso kulembedwa ndi zilembo zake. Kawirikawiri phthalates yowonjezera ku mankhwala ikuphatikizapo:
- BBP: butyl benzyl phthalate
- MBzP: mono benzyl phthalate
- DBP: di-n-butyl phthalate
- MBP: mono-n-butyl phthalate
- MiBP: mono-isobutyl phthalate
- DEHP: di- (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
- MEHP: mono- (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
- DEP: diethyl phthalate
- MEP: monoethyl phthalate
- DiDP: di-isodecyl phthalate
- DiNP: di-isononyll phthalate
- DnHP: di-n- hexyl phthalate
- DnOP: di-n-octyl phthalate
Pewani PVC Plastic
Pokhapokha ngati mankhwala atchulidwa mwachindunji "wopanda phthalate," pewani zinthu zonse zopangidwa ndi pulasitiki zofewa, monga nsalu zachapa.
Peŵani Zomwe Zikulembera "Mafuta" Monga Chogwiritsira Ntchito
Mwamwamwa, zamatsenga siziyenera kuzindikiridwa mu zinthu zina zokongola. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthuzi zimangotchulidwa kuti "fungo," zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kudziwa chofunikira. Pokhapokha ngati mankhwala akulembedwa kuti "palibe zonunkhira" kapena "opanda phthalate," kapena amachokera ku kampani yokhala ndi ufulu wopanda phthalate, ndibwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito. Zopatulapo: mankhwala omwe malemba awo amasonyeza kuti kununkhira kulikonse kumachokera ku mafuta ofunikira. Webusaiti ya Tree-Hugger ili ndi mndandanda wa makampani khumi ndi awiri omwe amapanga zonunkhira zachilengedwe, zopanda phthalate.
Sankhani Ma Baby Achimuna a Phthalate
Kwa mankhwala osamalira ana aang'ono ndi ana, sankhani kampani yomwe ili ndi ndondomeko yowonjezera ya phthalate. Mayi Wachimake Wathanzi Wathanzi ali ndi mndandanda wabwino wa makampani omwe ali ndi mwana wabwino komanso mankhwala a ana.
Sankhani Mankhwala Osamalidwa Pakholate ndi Maonekedwe Okoma
Pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okongoletsera komanso zinthu zamakono zomwe zimaphatikizapo zonunkhira kapena zonunkhira, sankhani makampani okhawo omwe ali ndi malamulo opanda pake a phthalate. Zina zabwino zothandizira mndandanda wa makampani omwe amapangira mankhwala okongola a phthalate ndi awa:
- Mndandanda wa mapulogalamu a khansa ya khansa ya m'mawere
- Pulogalamu yoteteza zodzoladzola
- Bungwe la Environmental Working Group la safecosmetics
Funsani Zida Zamankhwala PVC
Ngati mukufuna mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena kugwiritsa ntchito catheter, dziwani kuti mankhwalawa amagwiritsira ntchito kupopera kwa PVC. Mukhoza kupempha dokotala wanu kuti azigwiritsa ntchito zida zapathalate ndi matumba.
Pewani Zakudya Zamapulasitiki
Musagwiritsire ntchito zakudya zamapulasitiki, ndipo musamadye chakudya chamtundu wa microwave, monga kutentha kutulutsa mankhwala mwamsanga mu chakudya chanu. Ngati mutha kugwiritsa ntchito pulasitiki kuti musunge zakudya, zida zowonjezera 1, 2, kapena 5 zimakhala zochepa kwambiri, ndipo 3 ndi 7 ndizokhala ndi zolemba zambiri. Izi ndi zofunika kwambiri kusungirako chakudya cha ana, komanso mabotolo a ana, makapu osasangalatsa, ndi makapu osakaniza. Mukakayikira, sankhani galasi kapena chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Mungapeze mndandanda wothandiza wa ma phthalate pazinthu zosiyanasiyana zosungiramo zakudya pa webusaiti ya Good House.
Gwiritsani ntchito Zisewero Zatsopano Zapulasitiki kapena Zopanda Pake Pulasitiki
Zoyeseza zamaseŵera zingathe kukhalabe ndi zowonongeka, koma masewero atsopano amatha kukhala opanda phthalate. Kutaya zidole zakale za makanda ndi ana, ndipo m'malo mwake muzikhala ndi zidole zatsopano kapena zosavuta zapulasitiki.
Gwiritsani Ntchito Mpweya Wotentha Wachilengedwe Pokha
Ambiri opanga mpweya amakhala ndi phthalate, motero khalani ndi mphamvu zowonongeka zowonongeka zomwe zimapangitsa fungo lawo ku mafuta ofunikira ndi mafuta enaake.
Sankhani Zojambula Zakudya Zamakaka, Zopangira, ndi Nyama
Zakudya zam'thupi siziwululidwa ku mankhwala ophera tizilombo, kuchepetsa chiopsezo chakuti adzakhala ndi miyendo yapamwamba ya phthalate.
Mawu Ochokera
Kupewa phthalates ziyenera kukhala nkhani ya banja kuti lipindulitse thanzi la aliyense. Koma ngati muli ndi makanda kapena ana aang'ono, ndizofunikira kwambiri. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, Dr. University Factor-Litvak, University University ya Columbia University, ali ndi malangizo abwino kwambiri omwe makolo onse a ana ndi ana awo ayenera kutsatira: "Makolo omwe ali ndi ana ang'onoang'ono ayenera kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okhala ndi mankhwala monga shampoo, msomali, ndi vinyl."
> Zotsatira:
> Morgenstern, R et al. "Phthalates ndi chithokomiro zimagwira ntchito kusukulu zakale: Zochita za kugonana." Environment International, Volume 106, September 2017, DOI: 10.1016 / j.envint.2017.05.007 http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0160412017302143
> Utsogoleri wa US Food and Drug Administration. "Phthalates." Online,. https://www.fda.gov/cosmetics/productsingredients/ingredients/ucm128250.htm