Malinga ndi bungwe la American Diabetes Association, odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2, hyperglycemia (kuthamanga kwa magazi m'magazi) amayamba pang'onopang'ono ndipo, pamayambiriro, nthawi zambiri sali okwanira kuti muzindikire zizindikiro zapachiyambi. Izi zikhoza kukhala chifukwa chake anthu ambiri sadziwa zambiri kwa zaka zambiri, koma kuzindikira zizindikiro za shuga yambiri ya magazi kungakuthandizeni kudziwa matenda a shuga, kuyendetsa bwino, komanso kupewa ngozi.
Kwa anthu omwe kale amapezeka ndi matenda a shuga, kukhala ndi shuga wambiri m'mwamba kuposa nthawi zonse sikuti amakuika pangozi yomweyo. Komabe, shuga yowonjezera magazi imakhala yovuta. Pakapita nthawi, shuga wa m'magazi omwe ndi okwera kwambiri akhoza kuthana ndi zida zazing'ono ndi zazikulu za thupi, zomwe zimabweretsa mavuto, maso, impso, ndi mapazi.
Zizindikiro Zowonjezereka
Kuwona zizindikiro zambiri za hyperglycemia kungakhale chizindikiro chochenjeza shuga kwa omwe sanafikepo. Ngati mukudziwa kuti muli ndi matenda a shuga, kuwona zizindikirozi kungakhale chizindikiro chosonyeza kuti chiwerengero cha tiak mu dongosolo lanu la mankhwala chikufunika.
Kuchuluka Kwambiri Kwambiri (Polydipsia)
Poyesera kubwezeretsa shuga wamagazi, thupi lanu likuyesera kuthetseratu shuga wochuluka mumtambo. Zotsatira zake, impso zimakakamizika kugwira ntchito yowonjezera nthawi yowonjezera shuga wambiri. Koma, chifukwa sangakwanitse kusunga shuga, amakoka madzi m'magazi anu komanso shuga wambiri.
Mukakhala ndi madzi ambiri, chilakolako chanu ndikumwa. Ngati mumapeza kuti mutha kumamwa mowa komanso osamva ngati ludzu lanu litha, kapena kuti muli ndi pakamwa kwambiri, izi zingakhale chizindikiro cha hyperglycemia.
Njala Yowonjezereka (Polyphagia)
Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi anu kumatanthauza kuti thupi lanu silingagwiritsire ntchito mafuta.
Chifukwa chake, maselo anu amavutika ndi njala ndipo mumamva kuti muli ndi njala yambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri, simungathe kupirira. Koma zakudya zambiri zomwe mumadya zimakhala zowonjezereka.
Kuwonjezeka Kwambiri (Polyuria)
Kawirikawiri amapita ku bafa, makamaka usiku, akhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha shuga yapamwamba. Izi ndi zotsatira za impso zomwe zimatulutsa madzi okwanira kuchokera mumatenda anu kuti muchepetse shuga wambiri m'magazi anu ndi kuchotsa mumtsinje.
Blurry Vision
Masamba akuluakulu shuga amachititsa thupi kutulutsa madzi kuchokera m'matumba anu, kuphatikizapo malonda a maso anu, omwe angakhudze momwe mungathe kuganizira ndikuwonetsa masomphenya olakwika.
Kutopa
Pamene shuga imakhalabe m'magazi mosiyana ndi kutengedwa kupita ku maselo a mphamvu, maselo anu amakhala ndi njala, amakuchititsani kuti mukhale ouma kapena otopa. Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri mutatha kudya, makamaka omwe ali ndi zakudya zambiri.
Zizindikiro Zoopsa
Zizindikirozi zimakhala zikuchitika ngati wina ali ndi hyperglycemia kwa nthawi yayitali, kapena shuga wamagazi atakwera kwambiri. Kaŵirikaŵiri amasonyeza vuto linalake.
Mimba Yam'mimba
Matenda a hyperglycemia amatha kuwonongeka m'mimba (gastroparesis). Kupweteka kwa m'mimba kungakhalenso chizindikiro cha matenda a shuga ketoacidosis , omwe akufunika kuchipatala mwamsanga.
Kuchepetsa Kulemera
Kuwonongeka kosayembekezereka ndi chizindikiro chofunikira, makamaka kwa ana omwe akumwa ndi kukodza nthawi zambiri, kuti shuga ya magazi imakwera. Ana ambiri omwe amapezeka kuti ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 1 amalephera kulemera thupi asanakumanepo. Izi zimachitika chifukwa thupi silingathe kugwiritsa ntchito shuga m'magazi ngati mafuta.
Kusintha kwa Mlomo ndi Kupweteka
Kutupa, kusanza, kupuma kwabwino, kupuma kwakukulu, ndi kutha kwa kuzindikira ndizo zizindikiro zomwe mukufunikira kupeza thandizo lachangu. Zizindikirozi zingakhale zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi matenda ena a shuga omwe angachititse imfa ngati sichikuchitidwa mwamsanga.
Zizindikiro Zambiri
Zizindikiro zina zosaoneka zingathe kuchitika kwa anthu omwe ali ndi hyperglycemia, nayenso.
Numbness
Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha pamapeto (kumatchedwa peripheral neuropathy) kumachitika m'kupita kwa nthawi ndipo kumatha kukhala ngati kupweteka, kupweteka, kapena kupweteka m'manja, mapazi, kapena miyendo.
Khungu Mkhalidwe
Khungu lakuda / kansalu, mabala kapena mabala omwe amachedwa kuchepetsa, ndi acanthosis nigricans (mazenera, owoneka bwino, omwe amapezeka m'mapanga ngati khosi, omwe amasonyeza kuti akutsutsana ndi matenda a insulin) angakhale chizindikiro cha hyperglycemia.
Matenda Achiwerewere Obwerezabwereza ndi Erectile Dysfunction
Izi ndi mawonetseredwe omwe amakhudza amayi ndi amuna, motero.
Matenda a Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Syndrome
Matenda a hyperglyclar hyperosmolar nonketotic coma (HHNKC) ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri lomwe lingatheke kwa iwo okhala ndi mtundu wa shuga kapena mtundu wa shuga , koma kawirikawiri amapezeka mwa anthu omwe sali ndi inshuwalu (mtundu wa shuga 2).
HHNKC imadziwika ndi shuga yambiri ya magazi yomwe ilipo kuposa 600 mg / dL ndipo imabweretsedwa ndi matenda monga chibayo, matenda a mkodzo, kapena kusamalidwa bwino shuga wanu wa magazi. Ngati simukutsatiridwa, izi zingayambitse chiwindi komanso imfa.
Zizindikilo zikuphatikizapo:
- ludzu lalikulu
- chisokonezo
- malungo (kawirikawiri kuposa madigiri 101 Fahrenheit)
- kufooka kapena kuuma ku mbali imodzi ya thupi
Njira yabwino yopezera HHNKC ndikutenga mankhwala anu monga momwe mwalangizira komanso kuti muthandizane ndi gulu lanu la thanzi pamene shuga lanu la magazi liposa 300 mg / dL.
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Mankhwala a hyperglycemia angayambitse matenda enaake oopsa omwe amatchedwa ketoacidosis (DKA), omwe amapezeka kawirikawiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 1 ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala odwala matenda a shuga.
DKA imachitika ngati thupi liribe pang'ono kapena palibe insulini yogwiritsira ntchito ndipo, motero, shuga ya magazi imayamba kuopsa ndipo magazi amatha. Kuwonongeka kwa selo kungathe kuchitika ndipo ngati kupitirira kukulirakulira, kungayambitse imfa kapena kufa. DKA amafunikira thandizo lachipatala mwamsanga-odwala omwe ali ndi DKA adzafunika kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala ndipo amapatsidwa madzi amtundu, electrolytes, ndi insulini.
Mavuto
Kuchuluka kwa nthawi yaitali komanso kwa nthawi yaitali kwa hyperglycemia kungayambitse mavuto ambiri omwe amadziwika ngati tizilombo tating'onoting'onoting'ono (tochepa) ndi zazikulu (zazikulu). Zimaphatikizapo kuwonongeka kwa:
- diso (retinopathy)
- impso (nephropathy)
- Mphuno ndi zodziimira yekha (kupweteka kwa mitsempha m'mapazi ndi mbali zina za thupi monga matumbo)
Kuonjezera apo, matenda opatsirana amagazi angapangitse kapena kuwonjezera matenda a mtima ndi matenda oopsa a m'mimba .
Pakati pa Mimba
Hyperglycemia pa mimba ingakhale yovulaza kwambiri kwa mwana ndi mwanayo. Malinga ndi bungwe loona za matenda a shuga la American Diabetes, kutaya mimba molakwika kungabweretse mavuto ngati kubereka mimba, fetal anomalies, preeclampsia (kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa mayi), kuwonongeka kwa mwana, macrosomia (mwana wamkulu), hypoglycemia m'mimba yoberekera, ndi ana asanabadwe hyperbilirubinemia, pakati pa ena. Kuonjezera apo, matenda a shuga mu mimba akhoza kuonjezera chiopsezo cha kunenepa kwambiri ndi mtundu wa shuga 2 mwa ana pambuyo pake.
Mu Ana
Matenda a hyperglycemia kwa ana, makamaka osadziwika, angapangitse kukula kwa mtundu wa shuga kapena ketoacidosis mwa ana omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 1. Ana omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga omwe amakula kwambiri m'magulu a shuga amakhala ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka chothetsera matenda a shuga.
Nthawi Yomwe Muwone Dokotala
Ngati simukumva ngati mukudzikonda nokha ndikuganiza kuti shuga lanu la magazi likukwera, yesani kuti mutsimikizire. Ngati shuga lanu la magazi likukwera ndipo ndilo lokhalokha, ndiye kuti mungathe kubwezeretsanso nokha. Pitani kawirikawiri kapena muzichita masewera olimbitsa thupi, mumwani madzi owonjezera, ndipo mutenge mankhwala anu monga momwe mwafunira.
Koma, ngati mukukumana ndi shuga zowonjezereka zamagazi kwa masiku angapo otsatizana, perekani gulu lanu lachipatala kuyitana, momwe mungafunikire kukonzanso dongosolo lanu la mankhwala.
Ngati mulibe matenda a shuga ndipo muzindikire zizindikiro izi, ndipo ndinu olemera kwambiri kapena olemera kwambiri kapena muli ndi mbiri ya banja la matenda a shuga, muyenera kukonzekera chiwonetsero ndi dokotala kuti awonedwe. Matenda a shuga a shuga amatha kupezeka asanadziwe, choncho mwamsanga mutalandira chithandizo, bwino.
Kwa Makolo Omwe Alibe Matenda a Shuga
Ngati mwazindikira kuti mwana wanu akumwa, kudya, ndi kukodza nthawi zambiri kuposa nthawi zonse, ulendo wopita kwa dokotala ndi lingaliro labwino, makamaka ngati mwawona kusintha kofulumira. Ngati zizindikiro zikuwoneka ngati zovuta kwambiri ndipo zikufanana ndi za DKA (kutchula pamwambapa), pitani ku chipinda chodzidzimutsa pomwepo.
Makolo a Ana Odwala Matenda a Shuga
Ngati mwana wanu akubwera ndi zizindikiro za hyperglycemia komanso shuga lawo la magazi liposa 240 mg / dL, muyenera kuyesa ma ketoni. Pa mayesero abwino, funsani gulu lanu lachipatala kuti mudziwe zoyenera kuchita kenako kapena kuwonetsera ndondomeko ya tsiku lanu lakudwala. Malinga ndi kulemera kwa ketoni, mukhoza kulangizidwa kupita ku chipinda chodzidzimutsa.
> Zotsatira:
> Chigwirizano cha ku America cha shuga. Malamulo a Zamankhwala pa Matenda a Shuga - 2017. Chisamaliro cha Shuga. 2017 Jan; 40 Phunziro 1: S1-S132.
> Chigwirizano cha ku America cha shuga. Hyperglycemia (High Blood Sugar). http://www.diabetes.org/living-with-diabetes/treatment-and-care/blood-glucose-control/hyperglycemia.html
> Chigwirizano cha ku America cha shuga. DKA (Ketoacidosis) ndi Ketoni. http://www.diabetes.org/living-with-diabetes/complications/ketoacidosis-dka.html
> Chipatala cha Cleavland. Hyperglycemia (High Blood Sugar). https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9815-hyperglycemia-high-blood-sugar
> Achinyamata Odwala kuchokera ku Nemours. Pamene Sug Sugar ndi Wopambana Kwambiri. https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/high-blood-sugar.html