Matenda a mitsempha (PAD) ndi chikhalidwe chomwe mitsempha imodzi kapena yambiri imapereka magazi ku miyendo, mikono, mutu kapena mimba zimatsekeka kapena kutsekedwa pang'ono, kawirikawiri chifukwa cha matenda a atherosclerosis . Ngati magazi akupita kumapazi sali okwanira kuti azikhala ndi zofunikira, munthu yemwe ali ndi PAD akhoza kuona zizindikiro.
Zizindikiro
Chizindikiro chofala kwambiri cha PAD ndi "kulakwa." Kumva kupweteka kumapweteka, kumapweteka kapena kusokonezeka - zomwe zimangosintha zokhazokha zokhazokha - zomwe zimachitika m'dumbo lokhudzidwa.
Kawirikawiri, kumenyana kumachitika nthawi yochita maseĊµera olimbitsa thupi, ndipo kumasulidwa ndi kupumula.
Popeza kuti PAD imakhudza miyendo, zambiri zimawoneka ngati ululu wa mwendo pamene mukuyenda. Malingana ndi malo omwe mwendo wamagazi umatsekera, kumenyedwa kwa mwendo kumakhudza phazi, ng'ombe, ntchafu kapena matako. Anthu omwe ali ndi PAD mumodzi mwa mitsempha yomwe imapereka pamwamba pamtunda amatha kuonongeka mu mkono kapena paphewa; ndipo ena amatha kuwona zizindikiro za ubongo panthawi ya kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, chikhalidwe chotchedwa " subclavia kubaba matenda ."
Nthawi zina PAD idzapangitsa kuti anthu azikhala osagwirizana ngakhale atapuma. Kupumula kubwereza nthawi zambiri kumatanthawuza kuti kutsekeka kwa magazi kumakhala kovuta, ndipo thupilo lomwe likukhudzidwa silikulandira mphuno yamagazi yokwanira ngakhale mpumulo.
Chifukwa chotsutsana sizimatsatira nthawi zonse - kutanthauza kupwetekedwa panthawi yopuma, kupumula panthawi yopumula - kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa PAD kuyenera kuonedwa ngati munthu ali ndi zaka zoposa 50, amene ali ndi zifukwa zoopsa za matenda a atherosclerosis , zomwe zimapweteka kwambiri mikono kapena miyendo.
PAD yaikulu kwambiri ikhoza kuyambitsa zilonda zam'mimba komanso ziwalo zowopsya.
Zimayambitsa
Nthawi zambiri, PAD imayambitsidwa ndi atherosclerosis . Izi zikutanthawuza kuti zizindikiro zomwezo zimabweretsa matenda amtundu wambiri ( makamaka CAD) - makamaka mitsempha ya mafuta m'thupi, kusuta fodya , matenda a shuga komanso shuga - imabweretsanso PAD.
Ndipotu, chifukwa pAD ndi CAD zimayambitsidwa ndi matenda omwewo, pamene PAD imapezeka, nthawi zambiri zimatanthauza kuti CAD imapezekapo.
Kawirikawiri, PAD ikhoza kuwonetsedwa mwa anthu omwe alibe matenda a atherosclerosis. Mwachitsanzo, pAD ingayambidwe ndi kupsyinjika kwa miyendo, kuwonetseredwa kwa mankhwala, ndi mankhwala ena (mankhwala a ergotamine) omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza mutu wa mutu wa migraine .
Kudziwa
PAD ingapezeke ndi mayeso osadziwika. Nthawi zina, pAD ingazindikiridwe mwa kuyang'anitsitsa thupi, pamene kuchepetsedwa kwapang'ono kumawonekera m'mlingo wakhudzidwa. Komabe, kawirikawiri, imodzi mwa mayesero angapo amafunika kuti tipeze PAD.
Kuzindikira PAD m'miyendo kungakhoze kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito "chiwerengero cha ankle-brachial index " kapena ABI, momwe magazi amadziyimira ndi kuyerekezedwa ndi mkondo ndi mkono. Chiwerengero cha ABI chochepa chimaonetsa kuchepa kwa magazi m'mitsempha ya mwendo , kusonyeza kuti PAD ilipo.
Plethysmography ndi njira ina yogwiritsira ntchito PAD. Ndi mayesowa, mpweya umaponyedwa mu mzere wambiri womwe umayikidwa pamlendo, ndipo akuyerekezera kuti amatha kupopera mankhwalawa . Kuzimitsa kwina kwinakwake kumapangitsa kuti kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwapang'ono kudutsa pamtunda.
"Duplex ultrasonography" ndiyeso yapadera ya ultrasound yomwe imapereka kuyerekezera kwa magazi m'magulu osiyanasiyana mu mitsempha.
Kutulukira mwadzidzidzi kutuluka kwa magazi kumapangitsa kuti pang'onopang'ono pang'onopang'ono pang'onopang'ono.
Ngati dokotala akukayikira PAD, chimodzi kapena zingapo za mayeso osadziwika ndizokwanira kudziwitsa. Lero, ABI ndi mayeso omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
Chithandizo
Ngakhale PAD yofatsa kapena yochepetseka imatha kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala komanso kusintha kwa moyo, milandu yowopsya nthawi zambiri imafuna opaleshoni yochulukirapo kapena angioplasty kuti athetse vutoli. Nazi zambiri zokhudza chithandizo cha PAD .
Zotsatira:
Hirsch, AT, Criqui, MH, Treat-Jacobson, D, et al. Matenda a m'mimba amadziwika, kuzindikira, ndi chithandizo pa chisamaliro chapadera. JAMA 2001; 286: 1317.
Hirsch, AT, Haskal, ZJ, Hertzer, NR, et al. ACC / AHA 2005 Gwiritsani ntchito Malangizo othandizira odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a mitsempha ya m'mimba (m'mphepete mwachangu, nthiti, mesenteric, ndi m'mimba m'mimba): lipoti loyanjana la American Association for Vascular Surgery / Society for Vascular Surgery, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions , Society for Vascula Medicine ndi Biology, Society of Interventional Radiology, ndi ACC / AHA Task Force pa Zophunzitsira Zophunzitsira (Komiti Yolemba Kulimbikitsa Malangizo Othandiza Odwala Ndi Odwala Pachimake Arterial): akuvomerezedwa ndi American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation ; National Heart, Lung, ndi Blood Institute; Society for Nursing Vascular; TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus; ndi Mavenda Odwala Matenda Aakulu. Kuyendayenda kwa 2006; 113: e463.