Kuyang'ana M'kati Mwadongosolo Lanu Labwino

Bungwe-ndi-Organ Introduction to Digestion

Mmene thupi limagwirira ntchito ndi gulu la ziwalo zomwe zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti zimbe ndikudya chakudya. Kudya ndi njira yomwe thupi lanu limagwiritsira ntchito kuthyola zakudya zomwe mumadya mumamolekyu thupi lanu lingagwiritse ntchito mphamvu ndi zakudya.

Ziwalo zotsatirazi zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti zithandize thupi lanu kukonza zakudya zomwe mumadya.

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Mlomo

Kodi munayamba mwawonapo momwe pakamwa panu mumayambira madzi akumwa? Ndicho chifukwa chimbudzi chimayambira mkamwa mwako. Mano anu amadya chakudya chimene mumadya ndi kusakaniza ndi saliva kuti apange mpira wotchedwa bolus. Panthawi yosakaniza, puloteni yotchedwa salivary amylase imayamba kuphwanya chakudya. Chakudyacho chikakhala chofewa komanso chosasinthasintha, lilime limakankhira kumbuyo kwa pakamwa panu ndikuliwombera pansi.

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The Esophagus

Mphuno yanu ndi pulogalamu yamtundu, yomwe imagwirizanitsa pakamwa panu ndi m'mimba mwanu. Pamene chakudya chimamezedwa, mimba yanu imakula. Zimatengera chakudya pakati pa masekondi asanu ndi atatu mpaka asanu ndi atatu kudutsa mu malo anu, malingana ndi momwe chakudya chomwe mudya chimakhalira chofewa.

Mavuto omwe amapezeka pambaliyi amaphatikizapo kutentha kwa mpweya, asidi reflux, ndi matenda a reflux a gastroesophageal (GERD), onse omwe amayamba chifukwa cha asidi akuyenda kuchokera mmimba ndikukwiyitsa mbali ya pansi.

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Mimba

Mimba yanu ndi mthunzi wofanana ndi J, womwe umalandira chakudya kuchokera kwa mimba yanu ndikuutumiza kumatumbo anu aang'ono. Mkati mwa m'mimba mwako, chakudya chimadulidwa kuzungulira ndi kusakaniza ndi michere ndi asidi mpaka madzi, otchedwa chyme. Mimba ndi malo enieni othandizira mapuloteni ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito michere yamphamvu, yotchedwa pepsins, komanso hydrochloric acid kuti idye zakudya monga nyama, mkaka, ndi tchizi.

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Utumbo Wang'ono

Utumbo wawung'ono uli pafupifupi mamita 24 m'thupi mwake, womwe umagawidwa mu zigawo zitatu zosiyana: duodenum, jejunum, ndi ileum. Gawo lililonse la magawo atatuwa ndi malo opambana komanso osakaniza. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi mbali yofunikira kwambiri ya zakudya zomwe zimabweretsa mamolekyumu kuchokera ku chakudya chodetsedwa kupita m'magazi ndipo, pamapeto pake, maselo.

Mavuto ndi matumbo anu aang'ono kapena akuluakulu angakhudze momwe thupi lanu limakhudzira ndi kudyetsa chakudya, zomwe zimayambitsa kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi. Anthu omwe akusowa matumbo kapena kuchepa kwa m'mimba angafunike zakudya zopatsa thanzi (TPN), mtundu wa zakudya zomwe zimapititsa patsogolo kadyedwe kake.

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Utumbo Wambiri

Gawo lomaliza la kapangidwe kakang'ono ka m'mimba, matumbo akulu, ndi thumba lamtima lomwe liri pafupi mamita asanu. Zagawanika mu cecum, colon , ndi rectum. Pamodzi, zigawo izi zimangirira zomangirira zomaliza. Izi zikuphatikizapo kukwaniritsa njira iliyonse yowonjezera michere ndikukonzekera zowonongeka. Amatumbo anu amakhalanso ndi vitamini B ndi vitamini K.

Mavuto ndi matumbo anu aakulu, colon, ndi rectum angayambitsidwe ndi matenda monga kutupa matumbo (IBD) monga matenda a Crohn ndi matenda a zilonda zam'mimba komanso matenda a leliac. Ngati gawo la colon kapena rectum silikugwira ntchito momwe ikufunira, mungafunike ostomy.

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The Pancreas

Nkhumba ndi gulu lina lofunika logwirizana ndi chimbudzi. Mapangidwe anu amathandizira intestine yanu yaing'ono pobisa madzi osokoneza bongo, madzi odzaza ndi michere ndi sodium bicarbonate yomwe imatha kuimitsa chimbudzi cha pepsin. Zimatulutsanso insulini, zomwe zimathandiza thupi lanu kuyang'anira shuga lanu la magazi.

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Chiwindi

Chiwindi chanu chimagwira ntchito zambiri. Poyamba, imapanga bile, yomwe m'mimba imagwiritsa ntchito pofuna kuthandiza kudyetsa mafuta. Amakhalanso ndi mavitamini, mapu, ndi mafuta; kumathandiza kuyang'anira shuga ya shuga ; masitolo glycogen amphamvu; amapanga fibrinogen, yomwe imatseka magazi; amapanga vitamini A; ndi kubwezeretsanso maselo ofiira okalamba.

Matenda a chiwindi, monga hepatitis, akhoza kukhala ndi mavuto akuluakulu omwe amakhudza ziwalo zina za thupi monga chiwindi chimagwira ntchito zambiri, monga chimbudzi.

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Gallbladder

Mchiwindi pansi pa chiwindi, ndulu yanu ndi yosungirako chidebe kwa bile, madzi obiriwira achikasu opangidwa ndi salt, cholesterol, ndi lecithin. Utumbo wanu wamng'onoting'ono umagwiritsa ntchito bile yopangidwa ndi ndulu kuti imire mafuta.

Anthu ambiri samaganiza za ndulu yawo mpaka vuto la ndulu kapena ndulu, monga cholecystitis, ikukula. Ngati muli ndi matenda okhudzana ndi ndulu, mukhoza kukhala ndi jaundice. Izi zimachitika pamene bile sangathe kuchoka mu ndulu. M'malo mwake, bile imalowa m'magazi, omwe amachititsa kuti khungu lanu, maso anu, ndi misomali ziziwoneka zachikasu.