Chithandizo cha Odwala Matenda a Khansa ya Khungu la Basal, Zizindikiro, ndi Chithandizo
Basal cell carcinoma ndiyo mtundu wochuluka kwambiri wa khansara padziko lonse, ndipo amawerengera pafupifupi 80 peresenti ya matenda onse a kansa ya khungu . Ngati inu kapena wokondedwa wanu wapezeka kuti muli ndi basal cell carcinoma, izi mwachidule zidzakuthandizani kumvetsetsa matendawa ndi kupanga chisankho chodziwitsa zambiri.
Chikoka
Anthu opitirira miliyoni imodzi amapezeka ndi basal cell carcinoma (BCC) chaka chilichonse ku United States.
Ankapezeka kawirikawiri makamaka pakati pa anthu akuluakulu kapena akuluakulu koma tsopano akuwoneka mochulukira pazaka zazing'ono. Chiwerengero cha BCC chikukwera ndipo tsopano chimatchedwa "mliri" ndi akatswiri ena.
Zowopsa
Anthu a ku Caucasus, makamaka omwe ali ndi maso a buluu, tsitsi loyera, ndi tsitsi lofiira, lofiira, kapena lofiira (Celtic makolo), ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha BCC. BCC ndi yotheka koma sizolowereka ku Africa-America, Asia, ndi Hispanics. Poyerekeza ndi anthu a ku Caucasians, African-American ali ndi chiopsezo cha BCC pa malo owonetsera dzuwa, koma chiwerengero chomwecho cha BCC pa khungu lophimba. Palinso zina zambiri zoopsa.
Zimayambitsa
Kuwonekera kwambiri kwa ultraviolet kuwala kuchokera ku dzuwa kapena kupukuta mchere kumayambitsa 80% ya milandu ya BCC. Komabe, BCC sichigwirizana kwambiri ndi kuwala kwa dzuŵa kuposa, mwachitsanzo, squamous cell carcinoma , ndipo ikhoza kuchitika m'malo omwe sali dzuwa, monga scalp. Anthu okhala m'madera pafupi ndi equator (monga Florida), kapena ndi mbiri ya kutentha kwa dzuwa ali mwana, amatha kuona mawonekedwe a BCC m'ma 20s.
Kawirikawiri, nthawi yosakaniza imakhala zaka 10 mpaka 20.
Maonekedwe
Kachilombo ka basal kawirikawiri kawirikawiri amafotokozedwa ndi madokotala monga pepala pele - "pearly" kutanthawuza kuti ili ndi kuwala pang'ono, mosiyana ndi ocheperako (osakhala khansa) omwe ali ofiira ndi oundana, ndi "papule" kutanthauza kuti ali pamwamba pa pamwamba khungu.
Mitsempha yambiri ya magazi imatha kuwonjezereka mu zochitika zotchedwa telangiectasia . Zithunzi za khansa ya khungu la khungu lachilomboli zimasonyeza kuti BCC zotupa zimatha kutenga maonekedwe osiyanasiyana, choncho chidziwitso ndi njira yokhayo yopangira chitsimikizo chotsimikizira.
Mitundu
- Zosasinthika : Pafupifupi 60% mwa BCCs ndi ovuta. Amayamba ngati zilonda zamphongo, zowonongeka bwino, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala ziphuphu zazing'ono, zomwe zimatha kugwa pakati, kuchoka mphete yokwera m'mphepete. Zambiri za nodular BCCs zili pamaso ndipo zikhoza kusokoneza ngati sizikuchitidwa mwamsanga.
- Zilonda : Zilonda za BCC ndizofanana ndi mtundu wa nodular, koma zikhoza kukhala ndi mawanga a bulauni kapena akuda, omwe angawasokoneze ndi mitundu ina ya khansa.
- Mafiira kapena Sclerotic : Awa BCCs amapezeka pamaso ndikuwoneka ofanana ndi zida. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zolimba, zosayenerera pamphepete, zowonongeka kapena zosautsika, zachikasu, ndipo pamwamba zimakhala zosalala ndi zowala.
- Kunena zoona: Mtundu uwu uli ndi 15% mwa BCCs. Amatulutsa kunja kuchokera ku chigoba chofiira, chodziwika bwino, chomwe chimapezeka pamtengo ndi miyendo. Zimasokonezeka mosavuta ndi psoriasis kapena eczema.
- Fibroepithelioma wa Pinkus : Ichi ndi mtundu wochepa wa BCC. Zimakhala ngati zosalala, zokwera, zazing'ono zomwe zimapezeka kumbuyo, kumapeto, kuphulika, kapena phazi lokha. Pamene izo sizili malo owonetseredwa ndi dzuwa, matendawa mwina sakugwirizana ndi dzuwa.
Kudziwa
Chikopa cha khungu ndi kuchotsa minofu ya khungu kuti ifufuzidwe ndi microscope kuti mudziwe. Mtundu weniweni wa chiwopsezo umadalira momwe chifuwacho chafikira pakhungu:
- Kumeta zitsulo kumagwiritsa ntchito tsamba lopopera kuti livere pamwamba pa zikopa za khungu. Imeneyi ndiyo njira yowonjezera yodziwira BCC.
- Punch biopsy amagwiritsa ntchito chida chozungulira, chophika-chodulira. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutenga chithunzithunzi cha khungu.
Chithandizo
Chithandizo chimadalira mtundu, kutalika, ndi malo a chotupacho. Ngakhale kuti BCC sichitha kufalikira ku ziwalo zakutali (metastasize), zilondazo zimatha kuyambitsa kutaya ndalama ndipo ziyenera kuchotsedwa mwamsanga.
Mankhwala oyenera kuwachotsa ndi osavuta komanso osapangitsa kuti awononge kwambiri ngati ali aang'ono. Njira zambiri zothandizira BCC ndizo:
- Kuchiza ndi electrodesiccation
- Kuchotsa opaleshoni (kuchotsedwa)
- Kuchita opaleshoni ya Mohs (yomwe imatchedwanso "opaleshoni ya micrographic"), makamaka ngati chotupacho chiri pamaso, chimakhala chachiwiri, chimakhala chachikulu kuposa 2 masentimita, kapena mtundu wa sclerotic
- Mitengo yam'madzi monga imiquimod ndi ya FDA yomwe imavomerezedwa kuti isamangidwe ndi BCCs osati pamaso, ngakhale kuti kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti akhoza kuthana ndi nodular BCC komanso
Ngati basal cell carcinoma yasamalidwa, zilonda zimakula kukula ndi masentimita ambiri ndipo pamapeto pake zimakhala zilonda zam'mimba kapena zowononga minofu kapena fupa. (Pakhala pali milandu yonena kuti anthu amatayika diso, mphuno, kapena khutu chifukwa cha kusatchulidwa BCC.) Makamaka ngati zimapezeka pamaso, mabungwe a BCC ayenera kuchotsedwa mwamsanga kuti asatengedwe chifukwa cha zilonda zokha kapena opaleshoni. Mwamwayi, mosasamala kanthu kuti chilonda chachotsedwa mofulumira, munthu yemwe ali ndi mbiri ya BCC ali ndi pafupifupi 40% mwayi waukulu wopanga kachiwiri BCC kuposa munthu wopanda mbiri.
Basal cell carcinoma ndilofala kwambiri - komanso imodzi mwa mankhwala opatsirana kwambiri - a khansa yonse. Chonde onani dokotala wanu mwamsanga ngati mupeza zilonda zamtundu uliwonse pamene mukudziyesa khungu nthawi zonse.
Zotsatira:
"Kodi Basal Cell Carcinoma Ndi Chiyani?" Kalasi ya Zamankhwala ya South Carolina. 4 September 2008.
"Mfundo Yowonjezereka: Khansa Yapakhungu - Cell Basal ndi Squamous" American Cancer Society. 5 November 2008.
"Cancers ya Khungu la Basal ndi Squamous" National National Cancer Network. 5 November 2008.