Chiyambi cha opaleshoni ya khansa ya khungu, mavitamini, ndi mankhwala ena
Manmelanoma khungu la khansa, monga basal cell carcinoma (BCC) ndi squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), ndi mitundu yambiri ya khansa padziko lonse. Mwamwayi, ndiwo amachiritsidwa kwambiri, makamaka pamene zotupazo ndizochepa komanso zochepa. Mtundu wa mankhwala osankhidwa umadalira kukula kwa khansara ndi kumene kumapezeka m'thupi.
Pano pali ndondomeko ya zina mwazofala kwambiri (chiyambi cha mankhwala ochiritsidwa omwe amapezeka kawirikawiri amapezeka):
Excision
Kusakaniza kosavuta (kuchotsa) kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira matenda oyambirira ndi obwerezabwereza. Ndondomekoyi imaphatikizapo kuchotsa chotupacho ndi khungu lenileni lomwe likuzungulira ("mtunda"): chifukwa cha basal cell ndi squamous cell carcinomas, mitsinje imakhala 2 mpaka 4 mm. Mankhwala ochiritsira otsatirawa ndi 95% ndi 92% a primary BCC ndi SCC, motero, ndipo amadalira malo, kukula, ndi kachitidwe ka thumba. Chisangalalo chikhoza kuchitidwa kwa odwala matenda opatsirana kapena odwala matenda opatsirana pogwiritsira ntchito kukula kwa khansa.
Zojambula Zamasewero
Kuyambira pa chivomerezo chake chaka cha 2004, chitetezo cha m'thupi chotchedwa imiquimod (chomwe chimadziwikanso ndi dzina lakuti Aldara ) chakhala chodziwika bwino cha khungu (khungu kokha) kake kakang'ono kokha komanso kansalu kotchedwa nodular basal cell carcinomas, komanso chikhalidwe choyambitsa khansa chotchedwa actinic keratosis .
Amafalikira pachilonda kasanu pa sabata, kawirikawiri kwa masabata asanu ndi limodzi, ndipo amachotsa khungu pafupifupi 88% mwa odwala kapena zambiri, malingana ndi mtundu weniweni wa khansa. Chomera china cha BCC ndi 5-ufaouracil (Carac kapena Efudex), mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amagwiritsidwanso ntchito mobwerezabwereza. Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri samasiya zipsera, koma amatha kupweteka komanso kutupa pamene akugwira ntchito.
Mavitamini angapo akuyesedwa tsopano, kuphatikizapo ingenol mebutate (PEP005), yomwe imachokera ku chomera chotchedwa "spurge".
Curettage ndi Electrodesiccation
Curettage ndi electrodesiccation ndi njira yosavuta, yofulumira komanso yogwira mtima yowonongera tizilombo tochepa ndi squamous cell carcinomas. Pambuyo pochotsa kukula ndi chingwe chotengera chotchedwa curette , dokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi kuti awononge maselo osadziwika omwe aliwonse. Njira yowonongeka ndi yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri imabwereza katatu, ndipo chilondachi chimakhala kuchira popanda kupindika. Ndi bwino kwapadera, osati nthawi zonse, zilonda. Mankhwala amadalira malo: malo amodzi (mphuno, khutu, chinkhu, pakamwa) ali ndi chiwerengero cha 4% mpaka 18%, malingana ndi kukula kwa chotupa. Kuchulukanso kumachepetsa 3% chifukwa cha zotupa pa malo otsika kwambiri a thunthu ndi mapeto. Zonsezi, zaka zisanu zapakati pa BCC ndi SCC zothandizidwa ndi C ndi E ndi 92% ndi 96%, motero.
Opaleshoni ya Mohs
Njira ya Mohs (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti opaleshoni ya Mohs micrographic kapena excgin controlled excision) ndi njira yopambana yomwe inayamba m'ma 1940 ndi Dr. Frederic E. Mohs pochotsa zilonda chifukwa cha basal kapena squamous cell carcinoma.
Zimaphatikizapo kuchotsa zigawo zoonda za khungu, wosanjikiza ndi wosanjikiza. Kenaka gawo lililonse limayang'aniridwa ndi microscope, ndipo kuchotsedwa kwa zigawo kumapitirira mpaka palibe maselo a khansa. Ali ndi mankhwala ochuluka kwambiri a khansa iliyonse yamtundu wa khungu ndipo samayambitsa zovuta zambiri monga njira zina. Ndizothandiza makamaka pakuchiza khansara ya khungu yosalekeza, zotupa zazikulu, zotupa pamutu, khungu, mphuno, milomo, kapena dzanja, zotupa m'maselo omwe amatha kubwereranso, komanso kachilombo ka basal cell carcinoma. Ndili "mankhwala a golide": Kuchuluka kwa zaka 5 kubwereza ndi 1% kwa BCC ndi 3% kwa SCC.
Komabe, ndizofunika kwambiri, nthawi yochuluka, komanso zovuta kwambiri kuposa njira zina.
> Zotsatira:
> "Kuchiza Khansara ya Skinmeloma ya Skinmel." American Academy of Dermatology.
> "Kodi Squamous ndi Basal Skin Cancer Yachitikira Motani?" American Cancer Society. June 2008.
> Neville JA, Welch E, DJ Leffell. "Kuyang'anira khansa ya khungu ya nonmelanoma mu 2007." Nat Clin Pract Oncol 2007 4 (8): 432-469.