Ipilimumab imavomerezedwa ndi Food and Drug Administration pofuna kuchiza khansa ya khansa. Iyi ndi uthenga wabwino kwa odwala, amene anali ndi zochepa zochepa zomwe kamwedwe kameneka kanali kufalikira kumadera ena a thupi ( stage IV disease).
Kodi Melanoma N'chiyani?
Mtundu wa khansa ya khansa ya khansa, yomwe imayambitsa khansa ya khungu, imayamba m'maselo (melanocytes) omwe amachititsa kuti melanin - mtundu umene umapangitsa khungu lako kukhala mtundu wake.
Mankhwala a melanoma amatha kupangidwanso m'maso mwako, ndipo kawirikawiri, m'mimba, monga matumbo.
Kodi Ipilumumab Imagwira Ntchito Bwanji?
Ipilumumab ndi anti-antibody yomwe imayambitsa chitetezo cha thupi kuti chiteteze khansa ya khansa mwa kulepheretsa kamolekita ya cytotoxic T-amphrothete antigen 4 (CTLA-4). CTLA-4 ndi molekyu pa T-maselo, mtundu wa selo loyera la magazi lomwe limathandiza kwambiri pakulamulira machitidwe a chitetezo cha mthupi. Kukhalapo kwa CTLA-4 kumapangitsa kuti chitetezo cha mthupi chitetezeke ku matenda, kotero kutseka ntchito yake kumapangitsa chitetezo cha mthupi kumenyana ndi khansa ya khansa.
Umboni Woti Ipilumumab Imagwira Ntchito
Mayesero atatu omwe ali ndi matendawa akuwonetsa kuti mankhwala ndi ipilimumab amatha kukhala ndi zaka 47 mpaka 51 peresenti kwa anthu omwe ali ndi siteji ya III kapena IV ya melanoma yomwe ili pafupifupi kawiri.
Akuyesedwa pamayesero apamwamba (phase III) okha ndipo akuphatikiza ndi katemera, ma immunotherapies (monga interleukin-2), ndi chemotherapies (monga dacarbazine).
Mitengo yowonongeka imakhala yochokera pa 13 peresenti yokhala ndi katemera wamagulu apilimumab komanso odwala omwe ali ndi stage IV mpaka 17 ndi 22 peresenti ndi ipilimumab kuphatikizapo dacarbazine kapena interleukin-2, motero, kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa. Mayankho akhala akukhalitsa, ndipo pakati pa iwo omwe ali ndi zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri, ngakhale miyezo yapamwamba ya kuyankhira yawonetsedwa (mpaka 36 peresenti).
Zotsatira izi zikuwonetsa kuti oposa theka la odwala opaleshoni ya chililimumab omwe amakhala ndi chithunzithunzi chokhala ndi moyo wautali kwa nthawi yayitali, nkhani yosavuta kwambiri yothandizira matendawa.
Zotsatira Zotsatira za Ipilumumab
Mosiyana ndi mankhwala a chemotherapy , omwe amayamba kuwonetsa atangoyamba kulandira chithandizo, zotsatira zake zogwirizana ndi chililimumab zingakhale zosiyana kwambiri, mwinamwake chifukwa chitetezo cha m'thupi chimasiyana ndi munthu.
Zotsatira zoyipa za chililimumab zimapezeka m'matumbo (monga kutsegula m'mimba ndi kutupa kwa koloni) komanso khungu (monga kutupa ndi kutupa kwa khungu). Zotsatira zochepa zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi matenda a chiwindi, kutupa kwa chifuwa (hypophysitis), kutupa maso ( uveitis ), ndi mavuto a impso (nephritis). Zotsatira zake zimachitika mpaka oposa 84 peresenti ya odwala koma kawirikawiri amakhala ofatsa komanso ochiritsidwa.
> Zotsatira:
> Hersh E, Weber J, Powderly J, et al (2009). Odwala odwala nthawi yayitali (pts) omwe ali ndi khansa yapamwamba yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi liplimamuab kapena popanda dacarbazine. J Clin Oncol 27:15 (suppl; abstr 9038).
> Ledezma B (2009). Ipilimumab kwa khansa yapamwamba: Kusamalira ana. Oncol Nurs Forum, 36 (1), 97-104.
> Chipatala cha Mayo. Kansa ya Khungu.
> National Cancer Institute. Ipilimumab
> Sarnaik AA, Weber JS (2009). Mapulogalamu atsopano pogwiritsa ntchito anti-CTLA-4 pofuna kuchiza khansa ya khansa. Kansa J. 2009 May-Jun; 15 (3): 169-73.