Chithandizo cha khansa ya m'magazi ndi yambiri komanso yovuta
Mankhwala a Interferon-alfa2b a melanoma ndi mankhwala okhawo omwe amavomereza panthaŵi ino. Chithandizo choyamba cha khansa ya khansa ndi kuchotsedwa kwa zilonda zilizonse, njira yotchedwa wide area excision . Malingana ndi siteji ya chifuwa chanu, dokotala wanu angathe kupempha adjuvant (pambuyo opaleshoni) mankhwala kuti achepetse mwayi kuti melanoma idzabwereranso (kubwerera).
Mwachitsanzo, ngati khansa ya khansa ikufalikira ku chimodzi kapena zingapo za mitsempha yanu, mwina pafupifupi 70 mpaka 80 peresenti ndi mwayi kuti khansa ya melanoma ikhoza kubwerera m'zaka zitatu kapena zisanu zotsatira. Njira zamankhwala zochiritsira pakadali pano sizing'onozing'ono: mankhwala a interferon-alfa2b (IFN) ndi mankhwala okha omwe amavomerezedwa mpaka pano. Ngati a oncologist anu athandiza interferon-alfa2b, kufotokoza mwachiduleku kukuthandizani ndi mfundo zofunikira zomwe mukufunikira kuti mumvetse momwe zimagwirira ntchito, zotsatira zake ndi zotsatira zake.
Zindikirani kuti mfundoyi silingathenso kuteteza, kuyanjana kapena zotsatira za mankhwalawa. Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza mankhwala alionse omwe mukuwutenga, onetsetsani kuti muwone dokotala wanu.
Interferon-alfa2b
Komanso interferon-alpha2b, IFN ndi Intron A, Interferon-alfa2b inavomerezedwa ndi Food and Drug Administration (FDA) mu 1995. Mankhwalawa amavomerezedwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito masiku asanu ndi awiri (masabata asanu ndi atatu) atatha opaleshoni odwala ali ndi zaka 18 kapena okalamba omwe ali ndi khansa ya khansa yomwe ilibe matendawa koma ali pangozi yambiri yobwereranso (chotupa chimabwerera).
Odwala omwe ali pangozi yaikulu yoti abwererenso ndi awa omwe ali ndi khansa ya khansa m'magulu otsatirawa:
- Gawo IIB - zotupa zoposa 4 mm (pafupifupi 1/6 wa inchi) zazikulu popanda chilonda
- Gawo IIC - zotupa zoposa 4 mm wakuda ndi zilonda
- Gawo IIIA, IIIB, IIIC - zotupa zingakhale kukula konse koma matendawa afalikira ku maselo am'mimba
Interferon-alfa2b ndi yosiyana ndi mankhwala a chemotherapy - kwenikweni ndi gawo lachilengedwe la chitetezo cha thupi lanu. Amadziwika kuti cytokine , omwe ndi mankhwala omwe amadziwika kwambiri ndi maselo otchedwa leukocytes omwe amayankha kachilombo, mabakiteriya, kapena ena omwe amalowa nawo kunja. Izi zimagwirizanitsa ndi maselo ena ndipo zimayambitsa kusintha kwakukulu (zambiri zomwe sizidziwika), kuphatikizapo kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa maselo ndi kuchepetsa mphamvu za maselo kudziteteza ku chitetezo cha mthupi.
IFN inkagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa ya m'thupi koma osati yopangidwa kuchokera ku labotala pogwiritsira ntchito njira zamagetsi. Zili ndi zofanana ndi zomwe zimachitika mwachilengedwe koma mwachindunji zimatchedwa "recombinant" pa chifukwa ichi.
Umboni Wothandiza ku Interferon-alfa2b
IFN ndi mankhwala okhawo omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha khansa ya khansa yomwe yakhala ikuwonetsedwa kuti ikupangitsanso kusintha kwapadera-kupulumuka kwaulere (kukhalabe popanda matenda akubweranso) ndi kupulumuka kwathunthu. Maphunziro atatu adatsogolera kuvomerezedwa ndi FDA. Choyamba, IFN yapamwamba imalinganizidwa ndi kusachita kanthu: Pankhani iyi, anthu omwe amachitira ndi IFN sanabwererenso mofulumira ndipo anakhala ndi moyo kwa zaka zambiri. Pachiyeso chachiwiri, IFN yapamwamba imayesedwa ndi IFN ya mlingo wochepa ndipo pangakhalenso kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kubwereranso-kupulumuka kwaufulu m'gulu lachiŵerengero chapamwamba.
Komabe, panalibe kusiyana pakati pa moyo wonse. Potsirizira pake, pamene IFN idafanizidwa ndi katemera woyesera wotchedwa GMK, zotsatira zake zinali zomveka: gulu la IFN linali ndi kusintha kwa 47% kubwezeretsa-kupulumuka kwaulere ndi kusintha kwa 52% pa moyo wonse.
Mayesero ena ambiri a zachipatala akhala akuchitidwa (ndipo akuchitidwabe) pofuna kuyesetsa kuwonjezera mphamvu ya IFN. Mwamwayi, maphunziro ena amtsogolo sanawonetsere kuti ali ndi zotsatira zabwino monga oyambirirawo - ndipo phunziro limodzi la 2008 (lotchedwa "Sunbelt" yesero) silinapangitse zotsatira za IFN kwa odwala omwe ali ndi chithunzithunzi chabwino cha sentinel - kotero ntchito A IFN akhala akutsutsana ndi madokotala.
Inde, akatswiri a zacologist ku Ulaya akhala akukayikira makamaka kulamula IFN chifukwa cha lingaliro laling'ono ndi lofunika kwambiri poizoni. Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena nkhawa, onetsetsani kuti mukukambirana nawo ndi dokotala wanu.
Kugwiritsira ntchito Interferon-alfa2b
Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, IFN imapatsidwa magawo awiri: kulembedwa ndi kukonza. Kuchulukitsa kumaphatikizapo kulandira mlingo wautali kuchipatala ndi kulowetsedwa kwa IV (intravenous) maminiti 20, masiku asanu otsatirawa pa sabata, kwa milungu inayi. Pa nthawi yokonza, mumayiritsa dola ya IFN nokha pakhomo katatu pa sabata kwa milungu 48. Ili jekeseni pansi pa khungu ( subcutaneously ), kawirikawiri mu ntchafu kapena m'mimba. Inu kapena achibale anu adzaphunzitsidwa momwe mungaperekere jekeseni ndi namwino kapena dokotala.
Zomwe zingayambitse Interferon-alfa2b
Chithandizo ndi IFN ndi yaitali komanso chovuta. Komabe, pakuyang'anira bwino, kusintha kwa mlingo, ndi chisamaliro cholimbikitsa, chingaperekedwe mosamala ndipo chimatha kusamalira odwala ambiri. Zotsatira ziwiri zofala za IFN ndi zizindikiro zofanana ndi chimfine (malungo, chiwombankhanga, minofu ndi ophatikizana) ndi kutopa. Pofuna kutonthoza zizindikiro izi, tsatirani "ABCs":
- Ilaminophen (Tylenol)
- B edtime administration (chitani jekeseni musanagone)
- C kusunga mphamvu
- Dinkani madzi ambiri
- E pakudya koyenera
- F ocus pa zabwino
Zizindikiro zofanana ndi chimfine nthawi zambiri zimachepetsedwa pakapita mankhwala koma kutopa kumapitirizabe ndipo kumawonjezeka.
Zotsatira zotsatirazi ndizocheperapo koma zafotokozedwa ndi anthu ambiri kutenga IFN:
- Nsomba, kusanza
- Khungu lopweteka pa malo opangira jekeseni
- Chizungulire
- Kusokonezeka maganizo, maganizo odzipha, ndi mavuto ena
- "Zikwangwani ndi singano" kumverera m'manja ndi mapazi
- Kutaya tsitsi
- Kuchepetsa maselo oyera a magazi, zomwe zingayambitse matenda ambiri ndi kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi
- Kusintha kwa chiwindi kugwira ntchito
- Kusintha kwa mtima wamtima ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi
Zotsatira zina ndizotheka kotero zitsimikizirani kukambirana ndi dokotala wanu. Zotsatira zambiri zimachoka pokhapokha mankhwala a interferon-alfa2b ataimitsidwa.
Kuyanjana
IFN ingawononge zinthu zina zomwe zakhalapo kale, choncho uzani dokotala ngati muli:
- Chiwindi cha chiwindi
- Matenda aliwonse a chiwindi
- Matenda a shuga
- Matenda a mtima
- Matenda a zilonda
Tsamba:
"Melanoma." National Comprehensive Cancer Network. V.1.2009. 28 January 2009.
"Intron A Kufotokozera Zomwe Amalemba." Kulima-Mlimi. 28 January 2009.
Ascierto PA, Kirkwood JM. "Kuchiza kwa khansa yotchedwa melanoma ndi interferon: maphunziro a zaka khumi zapitazi." J Kusintha Med 2008 6: 62-70. 28 January 2009.