Mitsempha Yoperewera M'magazi
Aliyense wakhudzidwa ndi mphuno nthawi ina. Nthaŵi zambiri, mphuno yothamanga imayambitsidwa ndi rhinitis yowopsa kapena chimfine . Zina zomwe zimayambitsa nthiti zimaphatikizapo zokhala ndi mpweya wozizira chifukwa cha nyengo yozizira kapena kudya zakudya zokometsera, komanso kupweteka kwa mphutsi chifukwa chakumva kwapakhosi monga zofukiza kwambiri kapena kusintha kwa nyengo. Zomwe zimayambitsa mphuno zimatha nthawi yayitali, monga chimfine, kapena kumwa mankhwala opatsirana, monga mankhwala odzudzula antihistamines , nasal corticosteroid sprays , kapena sprays ya nasal.
Anthu ena akhoza kukhala ndi mphuno nthawi zonse zomwe samayankha mtundu uliwonse wa mankhwala ozunguza bongo - anthuwa akhoza kukhala ndi vuto losawerengeka lotchedwa cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) yofiira, chifukwa cha kutuluka kwa ubongo m'mphuno.
Zimayambitsa, Zizindikiro, ndi Zizindikiro za CSF Rhinorrhea
CSF chifuwa chachikulu chimakhala chachilendo chomwe chikhoza kuchitika pambuyo povulazidwa pamutu, monga vuto la sinus kapena opaleshoni ya ubongo, kapena chifukwa cha chotupa kapena chiberekero cha kubadwa kwa mwana. Anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a CSF akhoza kudandaula ndi mphuno yomwe imakhala yoipa kwambiri ndi kusintha kwa malo (monga kuimirira) kapena ndi Valsalva oyendetsa (kusinthanitsa kapena kukweza zinthu zolemetsa). Madzi a CSF a rhinorrhea ndi ofooka komanso omveka bwino, ndipo munthu wokhudzidwa akhoza kuona kukoma kokoma kapena mchere chifukwa cha kuchulukitsidwa kwa shuga ndi electrolyte zomwe ziri mu cerebrospinal fluid. Njira yeniyeni yodziwira CSF chifuwa chachikulu ndi kusonyeza kukhalapo kwa beta-2 transferrin m'magazi.
Ngati munthu ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV, ndikofunika kuti vutoli likonzedwe chifukwa pali chiopsezo chowonjezereka chokhala ndi bacterial meningitis - yomwe ndi kachilombo koopsya ku ubongo. Mabakiteriya amatha kufalikira m'matanthwe ndi zitsulo kudutsa mu dzenje lomwe limakhala mkati mwa ubongo ndi msana wam'mimba) komanso kulowa mu ubongo, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a meningitis.
Anthu omwe apanga zochitika zosawerengeka za bacterial meningitis ayenera kuyesedwa kuti athe CSF rhinorrhea, komanso kuyesedwa kwa kapangidwe ka immunodeficiency ndi kachipatala .
Kuzindikira ndi Chithandizo cha CSF Rhinorrhea
Ngati kachilombo ka CSF kameneka kakuwoneka kapena kutsimikiziridwa ndi kukhalapo kwa beta-2 transfrin, ziphuphu zimafunika kuti zikhale zowonongeka kuti zikonzedwe. Njira zosiyanasiyana zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito poyambitsa matenda a CSF, omwe nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'maganizo a MRI , CT yapamwamba ya ubongo , komanso kugwiritsa ntchito intrathecal fluorescein - zomwe zimaphatikizapo jekeseni wa utoto m'madzi ozungulira msana, ndikuyang'ana utoto m'matumbo. Tsamba la CSF likakhala lokhazikika, lingakonzedwe opaleshoni pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana. Kawirikawiri, kachilombo ka CSF kamasuntha kupyolera kumapeto kwa nsalu pogwiritsa ntchito khungu kapena fupa lapafupa kuti akhonde dzenje.
Ngakhale kuti CSF yofalitsa matenda sichibadwa, izi zimayenera kuganiziridwa ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi mphuno yosatha, popanda zizindikiritso zina za mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Aliyense yemwe wakhala akubwereza mobwerezabwereza wa bacterial meningitis ayenera kuyesedwanso kwa CSF chifuwa chachikulu.
Ngati mwayamba kukhala ndi mphuno popanda zozizwitsa zina, kapena mphuno yomwe imakhala yosapindula ndi nthawi kapena mankhwala opatsirana, funsani dokotala ngati mutakhala ndi CSF. Izi zidzakhala zofunikira makamaka ngati mwapweteka mutu musanayambe mphuno, kapena ngati munayamba mwapezeka ndi matenda a mimba.
Chitsime:
Kerr JT, Chu FWK, Bayles SW. Matenda a m'mitsempha ya m'magazi Mphuno: Mankhwala ndi Utsogoleri. Otolaryngol Clin N Am. 2005; 38: 597-611.