Anthu ambiri akuluakulu ku United States amavutika ndi matendawa. Pafupifupi anthu awiri pa anthu 100 aliwonse a ku America ali ndi vuto la nthendayi, ndipo ana 1 peresenti ya ana 100 alionse amakhala ndi zovuta zowopsa. Mosiyana ndi zakudya zambiri zowonjezera chakudya, nthendayi zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuti zikhale zapamtunda kuposa ukadali wamng'ono. Ndipotu, pafupifupi 60 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi nthendayi zimakhala ndi zovuta zomwe zimachitika poyamba akakula.
Chifuwa cha Shellfish chimakhala choopsa, chakudya chamoyo chonse.
Nsomba za Nsomba, Zowonongeka
Nkhumbazi zimagawidwa m'magulu awiri: mollusks ndi crustaceans. Mabokosiwa amaphatikizapo ziphuphu, oyster, mussels, ndi scallops. Nkhalangozi zimaphatikizapo shrimp, lobster, ndi nsomba zazingwe. Nsomba za nkhumba zimakhala m'madzi atsopano kapena amchere - kapena ngakhale pamtunda.
Nsomba, nkhanu, ndi lobster zimayambitsa mitundu yambiri ya chifuwa cha shellfish.
Zizindikiro Zotsutsana ndi Ziweto
Zizindikiro zowononga zizindikiro za nkhono za nkhumba zimawonekera pakangotha mphindi ziwiri kapena kuposera maola awiri kudya nkhono. Zizindikiro zingakhalepo:
- Zochita za khungu monga ming'oma kapena chisanu .
- Allergic conjunctivitis ikuwonetsedwa ndi zowopsya, zofiira, maso a madzi.
- Matenda a m'mimba monga kuphweteka, kupweteka kwa m'mimba, kusanza, kapena kutsekula m'mimba , kapena kuphatikiza zizindikiro.
- Zizindikiro za kuwayendetsa ndege zimaphatikizapo kupuma, kukokera kapena mphuno ndi / kapena kuphatikiza zizindikiro.
- Angioedema kuphatikizapo kutupa kwa milomo, lilime, kapena nkhope.
Chifuwa cha chellfish chingayambitse vuto lotchedwa anaphylaxis . Anaphylaxis ndi vuto lalikulu lachipatala ndipo limafuna chithandizo chamankhwala mwamsanga. Anthu ambiri okhala ndi nthenda ya shellfish amakhala ndi magwero a epinephrine, monga Epi-Pen, ngati akudwala kwambiri.
Nthendayi ndi njira yowonjezera yowonetsera masewera olimbitsa thupi, yomwe imayambitsa anaphylaxis, komwe kudyetsa chakudya monga shellfish, kuphatikizapo kuchita masewero olimbitsa thupi, kungayambitse matenda a anaphylactic.
Cross-Reactivity
Anthu omwe sagwirizana ndi mtundu wina wa crustacean, monga shrimp, kaŵirikaŵiri amatsutsidwa ndi mabungwe ena onse. Komabe, ngati muli ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, mukhoza kukhala osagwirizana ndi mollusks. Kuyezetsa magazi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yodziŵira kuti nkhumba, ngati zilipo, mungathe kudya. Onaninso ndi dokotala musanadye mtundu uliwonse wa nkhono.
Puloteni yotchedwa allergenic mu shellfish imatchedwa tropomyosin . Tropomyosin imapezekanso m'ming'oma, fumbi, ntchentche, ndi tizilombo tina. Anthu omwe ali ndi chifuwa cha nkhono amatha kuona zizindikiro ndi tizilombo.
Kudziwa
Zizindikiro za matenda a khungu zimapezeka ndi dokotala (allergist) pambuyo pa mbiri yachipatala, kuyerekezera thupi, ndi kuyeretsa kwa zakudya zakudya.
Chithandizo
Chithandizo cha nkhono za nsombazi ndi kuchotsa nkhumba ndi zakudya zomwe zimapezeka ndi nkhono kuchokera ku zakudya.
Ngati mwapezeka kuti muli ndi chifuwa choopsa, dokotala wanu amapereka epinephrine auto-injection (yomwe nthawi zambiri imatchedwa Epi-Pen) imene mungayende nayo nthawi zonse.
Mmene Mungapewere Nsomba za Kabokosi
Monga imodzi mwa zakudya zofala kwambiri ku United States, nsomba za crustacean ziphimbidwa pansi pa Food Ebola Labeling ndi Consumer Protection Act (FALCPA).
Potero, ojambula ayenera kutchula kukhalapo kwa crustacean shellfish mu chilankhulo choyera pa zilembo za chakudya, kaya mndandanda wa zosakaniza kapena kutsatira mawu akuti "muli" pambuyo pa mndandanda wa zosakaniza. Onetsetsani kuti mumatha kuwerenga mndandanda wa zosakaniza.
FALCPA siimaphatikizapo kulembedwa kwa nsomba za mollusk. Izi zikutanthauza kuti opanga sagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti alembe kukhalapo kwa zida, oyster, mussels, scallops kapena mollusks muzinndandanda zawo. Anthu omwe ali ndi nkhono za mollusk ziwopsezo zimayenera kukhala osamalitsa kwambiri ndi zakudya zopangira zakudya ndi kulakwitsa pambali yochenjeza.
Kupewa nsombazi kungamawoneke mosavuta, koma zakudya zowonjezera zimatha kulowa m'malo odabwitsa.
Muyenera kuphunzira kuŵerenga malemba kuti muteteze nkhono, ndipo phunzirani kufunsa mafunso mukamadya mu malo odyera.
Chakudya Choyenera Kuteteza ndi Zosakaniza Zofiira
Mitundu yambiri ya mitundu yambiri ya crustacean shellfish ndi:
- Nkhanu
- Nkhono (Crayfish kapena Crawdads)
- Langoustines (lobster)
- Lobusitara
- Kupalasa
- Nyanja yamadzi
- Shirimpi
Anthu omwe amadwala mollusks ayenera kupewa zonse mollusks:
- Abalone
- Chilakolako (Quahog)
- Kokani
- Sungani
- Mamazelo
- Okutapasi
- Oysters
- Scallops
- Nkhono (Escargot - zonsezi ziyenera kupeŵedwa)
- Squid (Calamari)
- Surimi (mchere wonyenga)
- Whelk
Zilonda za mtundu wa khungu ndi ayodini
Pali nkhawa zosavomerezeka zowonongeka pakati pa nsomba zam'madzi ndi ayodini kapena zowonongeka; mawonekedwe ena azachipatala akale amalembetsa izi molakwika ngati kutsutsana. Ngati muli otsekemera kwa nkhumba, simukuyenera kupewa ayodini kapena mankhwala a radiocontrast. Zikhoza kukhala zosavomerezeka ku ayodini kapena radiocontrast zakuthupi, koma chifuwacho sichigwirizana ndi chifuwa cha nkhono.
Shellfish Poisoning
Zizindikiro za poizoni za poizoni (zomwe zimatchedwanso kupha ziwalo za poizoni ndi mafunde ofiira) nthawi zambiri zimapezeka mkati mwa nkhono zosakanizidwa ndi mphindi makumi atatu, ndipo zimasokonezeka ndi zomwe zimachitika. Nsomba ya Shellfish imayamba chifukwa cha poizoni wochuluka kwambiri wotchedwa saxitoxin yomwe imatulutsidwa ndi zamoyo zam'mlengalenga zomwe zimakhala m'magazi, monga clams ndi oysters. Mtundu uwu wa poizoni umakhudza nkhumba zokha, osati nsomba kapena lobster. Zisonyezero za poizoni wa poizoni zimaphatikizapo kumangirira kapena kuyaka pakamwa kapena pamapeto, kunyoza, kusanza, ndi kutsekula m'mimba. Poizoni wa poizoni angakhale oopsa komanso opha. Ngati mukumana ndi zizindikiro izi mutatha kudya nkhono, funsani thandizo lachipatala.
> Zosowa
> Joneja JV. Buku Lophunzitsira Zaumoyo ku Zakudya Zakudya Zopanda Nkhawa ndi Kusamvana.
> Sherere S. Food Allergies: Complete Guide for Kudya Pamene Moyo Wanu Zimadalira Iwo
> Chakudya Chakudya Zofufuza & Maphunziro: https://www.foodallergy.org/allergens/shellfish-allergy