Fever ndi Cramps Zizindikiro Zodziwika
Kuopsa kwa poizoni kumafala kwambiri kwa ana ndi akulu, koma makolo ambiri amavutika kuzindikira pamene ana adya chakudya chodetsedwa kapena ali ndi zizindikiro za kachilombo ka m'mimba. Chifukwa chakuti akatswiri amanena kuti pafupifupi milioni 76 za poizoni za zakudya zikuchitika chaka chilichonse ku United States, zimapindulitsa makolo kudziwa zizindikiro za matenda a ana.
Zizindikiro za Poizoni Zakudya
Zizindikiro zowononga poizoni ndizo:
- kutsekula m'mimba
- kunyoza
- kusanza
- ziwalo za m'mimba
- malungo
Zoonadi, zinthu zina kupatulapo poizoni wa zakudya zingayambitse zizindikiro zomwezo, zomwe zimawoneka kuti ndizoopsa kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, ana akhoza kuyamba kutsegula m'mimba ndi kusanza ndi matenda a tizilombo , monga rotavirus , kapena atatha kutenga matenda a Salmonella kusewera ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda .
Muyenera kukayikira poizoni ngati anthu ena amadwala nthawi yomweyo komanso atadya zakudya zomwezo. Popeza matenda ambiri omwe amachititsa kutsegula m'mimba akuwopsyeza, chifukwa chakuti aliyense ali ndi matenda otsekula m'mimba ndi kusanza sakutanthauza kuti onse ali ndi poizoni wokwanira. Komabe, ndizotheka, ngati onse atakhala ndi zizindikiro usiku umodzi womwewo, nenani, pikisitiki ya banja.
Zizindikiro za Poizoni za Chakudya Chachikale
Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti pali mabakiteriya osiyanasiyana, mavairasi, ndi poizoni zomwe zingayambitse poizoni.
Ngakhale kuti ambiri amachititsa kutsegula m'mimba ndi kusanza, ali ndi zizindikiro zina zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuzindikira chomwe chingachititse matenda anu.
Chakudya chakupha cha Staphylococcus aureus chikhoza kuchitika pamene mwana wanu adya zakudya zowonongeka ndi zakudya zolimbitsa thupi (zomwe zimadya zakudya zotsala kutentha kwa nthawi yayitali), zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro (mkati mwa maola awiri kapena asanu ndi awiri), kuphatikizapo kusanza, kutsekula m'madzi komanso mwina kutentha thupi kapena kutentha thupi. malungo otsika kwambiri.
Mwamwayi, zizindikirozo zimachoka mofulumira monga momwe zimakhalira, mkati mwa maola 12 mpaka 24.
Salmonella
Kupha poizoni wa Salmonella kumadziwika bwino. Zizindikiro za poizoni wa chakudya cha salmonella kawirikawiri zimayambira maola asanu ndi limodzi mpaka 72 mutatha kuwonetsetsa mabakiteriyawa ndikuphatikizapo madzi otsekula m'mimba, malungo, kupweteka m'mimba, mseru, ndi kusanza. Zizindikirozo zimatha masiku anayi mpaka asanu ndi awiri ndipo nthawi zambiri zimachoka popanda mankhwala.
E. coli O157
E. coli O157 ndi mtundu weniweni wa mabakiteriya a E. coli omwe angachititse kuti poizoni azikhala ndi zilonda zam'mimba, m'mimba wamagazi komanso nthawi zina kutentha thupi. Ngakhale kuti ana ambiri omwe ali ndi E. coli O157 amachira opanda mankhwala masiku asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu ndi awiri, ena amakhala ndi vuto loopsa lomwe limatchedwa "hemolytic uremic syndrome" (HUS).
Ana amatha kuyamba matenda a E. coli O157 patatha masiku khumi kapena khumi mutadya zakudya zopangidwa ndi nyama zowonongeka, makamaka za hamburgers. Kumwa mkaka wosakaniza, madzi owonongeka, ndi madzi osadziwika komanso kukhudzana ndi ziweto ndizo zina zoopsa.
Shigella
Shigella ndi mabakiteriya ena omwe angayambitse matenda otsegula m'mimba, kuphatikizapo ziphuphu za m'mimba ndi kutentha thupi. Ana akhoza kuyamba matenda a shigella (Shigellosis) patapita masiku amodzi kapena awiri mutadya chakudya chomwe chaipitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya a shigella, monga saladi ya mbatata, mkaka, nkhuku ndi masamba obiriwira.
Mosiyana ndi zina zomwe zimayambitsa poizoni, Shigellosis akhoza kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo, ngakhale ambiri mwa matendawa amachoka pawokha masiku asanu kapena asanu ndi awiri.
Campylobacter
Katemera wa mankhwala a Campylobacter nthawi zambiri amagwirizana ndi kudya nkhuku zosamalidwa ndi kumwa mkaka wosalala, ndipo zizindikiro zimakhala ngati masiku awiri kapena asanu mutatha. Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikiza m'madzi otsekula m'mimba, malungo, m'mimba, minofu, minofu ndi mitu. Ngakhale kuti zizindikiro zimatha masiku asanu ndi awiri kapena khumi okha, mankhwala ndi antibiotic erythromycin amachepetsa nthawi yomwe anthu amawotenga.
Clostridium Perfringens
Clostridium perfringens chakupha chakudya ndi mabakiteriya ena omwe amachititsa poizoni m'kudya. Zizindikiro zimayambira maola 8 mpaka 22 mutadya zakudya zowonongeka, makamaka nyama ndi nyemba zomwe sizinakonzedwe kapena kusungidwa moyenera ndipo zimatulutsa m'madzi otsekula komanso m'mimba mwamphamvu, zomwe zingathe kukhalapo kwa maola 24.
Clostridium Botulinum
Zakudya za poizoni za clostridium botulinum kapena botulism, zomwe zimapanga spores ndi poizoni zomwe zingasokoneze masamba ndi zakudya zina zomwe zimasungidwa ndi zamzitini kunyumba, uchi (ndicho chifukwa chake makanda sayenera kudya uchi) ndi zakudya zina. Kuwonjezera pa kunyozetsa, kusanza, ndi kupweteka kwa m'mimba, ana omwe ali ndi botulism akhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro zamaganizo, monga masomphenya awiri, osalankhula, vuto lomeza ndi kupweteka kwa minofu.
Ana angakhale ndi zofooka, kudzimbidwa komanso kudyetsa bwino. Mwa ana onse akuluakulu ndi makanda, zofooka za minofu zingathe kuthandizanso kuti azikhoza kupuma.
Hepatitis A
Chiwindi cha matenda a chiwindi ndi chiwopsezo cha mankhwala. Mosiyana ndi zifukwa zina zomwe zimayambitsa poyizoni, ndizokhazo zomwe zili ndi katemera (ana amayamba kuchiyambi pa miyezi 12) zomwe zingalepheretse. Ana amatha kukhala ndi zizindikiro za Hepatitis A masiku 10 mpaka 50 mutatha kudya zowononga madzi, masamba, nkhono ndi zakudya zowonongeka ndi antchito odyera.
Bacillus Cereus
Zakudya za poizoni za Bacillus cereus zimayambitsa kutsekula m'madzi ndi mazira a m'mimba pafupi maola asanu ndi limodzi kapena asanu mutadya chakudya chodetsedwa, kuphatikizapo nyama, nsomba, masamba ndi mkaka. Mpunga wochuluka umayambitsa kunyowa ndi kusanza, koma osati kutsekula m'mimba. Ndi mtundu uliwonse wa zizindikiro, nthawi zambiri amatha maola pafupifupi 24 opanda mankhwala.
Norwalk Virus
Norwalk kachilombo ndi kachilombo kena komwe kangayambitse poizoni ndikudya nthawi zambiri. Ana amatha kupanga nthenda ya nthendayi ya Norwalk atatha kumwa madzi oipitsidwa kapena kudya zakudya zowonongeka, kuphatikizapo nkhono, saladi zosakaniza, zitsamba zofiira, oyster yaiwisi ndi zakudya zina zowonongeka ndi ogwira ntchito odyera odwala.
Kuwonjezera pa kuyang'ana zizindikiro zakuda za poizoni wa chakudya, dokotala wanu wa ana akhoza kudziwa mitundu iyi ya poizoni ya zakudya ndi mayesero enaake. Amaphatikizapo zikhalidwe zamagulu ndi zofufuza zina.
Zotsatira:
Kliegman: Nelson Buku Lophunzitsa za Ana, 18th ed.
Kutalika: Mfundo ndi Zochita za Matenda Opatsirana Matenda, 3rd ed.
Dokotala wa US Food and Drug Administration Foodborne Pathogenic Microorganisms and Natural Toxins Handbook.
CDC. Mndandanda wa pachaka wa Matenda Okhudzana ndi Zakudya, United States.