Chithandizo cha Down Syndrome: Mwachidule
Pamene wayamba msinkhu wa moyo, chithandizo cha Down syndrome chimathandiza ambiri omwe ali nawo kukhala ndi moyo wautali komanso wopindulitsa.
Ana omwe ali ndi matenda a Down syndrome amabadwa nawo: Ali ndi chromosome yowonjezera - chromosome 21. Palibe mankhwala a Down syndrome ; M'malo mwake, cholinga cha chithandizo ndi kusamalira zosiyana siyana za thupi, zamankhwala, ndi zamaganizo zomwe anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a Down syndrome.
Kuchiza kwa Down Syndrome
Palibe mankhwala a Down syndrome. Komabe, aliyense yemwe ali ndi matenda a Down syndrome ali pangozi yowonjezereka ya mavuto ena azachipatala, ngakhale ena samakhalapo. Mavuto omwe anthu ambiri amakumana nawo omwe ali ndi matenda a Down syndrome amakhala ndi vuto la mtima ndi chithokomiro, minofu, mgwirizano, masomphenya, ndi mavuto akumva. Zinthu zomwe siziwoneka mochepa mu Down syndrome zikuphatikizapo khansa ya m'magazi ndi kugwidwa.
Njira zosiyanasiyana zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matendawa.
Mankhwala. Mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuchiza matenda ena omwe angayende limodzi ndi Down syndrome. Mwachitsanzo, munthu amene ali ndi vuto la kulumala angapatsedwe mankhwala oletsa kupweteka, ndipo wina amene ali ndi vuto la chithokomiro akhoza kumwa mankhwala a mankhwala othandizira kutulutsa mahomoni.
Madokotala ndi Othandiza Ena. Ngati mwana wanu akupezeka kuti ali ndi Down syndrome, dokotala wanu wamankhwala ndiye dokotala wamkulu wa zamankhwala kuti athetse nkhani zake zachipatala.
Ambiri mwa ana amadziwa zambiri za mavuto azachipatala omwe amawoneka mwa ana omwe ali ndi matenda a Down syndrome. Kuphatikiza apo:
- Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi vuto la mtima , nayenso adzatsatiridwa ndi katswiri wa mtima wotchedwa katswiri wa mtima.
- Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi vuto la chithokomiro, katswiri wamaphunziro a zachipatala (dokotala yemwe amadziwika bwino pochiza matenda a endocrine, omwe amachititsa mahomoni) amachititsa gawolo la mankhwala ake.
Mavuto akumva ndi masomphenya amapezeka kwa ana omwe ali ndi matenda a Down syndrome amasiyana ndi omwe amawawona ana ena. Mavuto akumva akuyang'aniridwa ndi akatswiri a zamaganizo, mavuto a masomphenya ndi optometrist kapena ophthalmologist.
Kuchiza Opaleshoni kwa Down Syndrome
Matenda ena omwe amapezeka kwa ana okhala ndi Down syndrome amafuna opaleshoni. Komabe, n'kofunika kudziŵa kuti kufunikira opaleshoni sikutanthauza kuti mwanayo ali ndi "vuto lalikulu" la matenda a Down syndrome kapena kuti ali ndi mavuto amalingaliro omwe angathe kuchitika mu matendawa.
Ana omwe angafune chithandizo cha opaleshoni ya Down syndrome ndi awa:
Kusokonezeka kwa Mtima Wokonzeka . Pafupifupi 40% ya ana omwe ali ndi matenda a Down syndrome amabadwa ali ndi vutoli. Ena ndi ofatsa ndipo akhoza kuwongolera okha, koma omwe amawopsa kwambiri amafunikira opaleshoni.
- Pafupifupi 1% mwa ana omwe ali ndi matenda a Down syndrome amabadwa ndi matenda a fistula, omwe amachititsa kuti mkaka kapena kapangidwe ka mkaka kamangidwe.
- Kuchokera pa 2% mpaka 15% amabadwa ndi matenda a Hirschsprung, omwe amachititsa kuti matumbo ambiri asagwire ntchito.
- Akuti 3% amabadwa ndi imperforate anus, pomwe kutsegula kwa ana sikupezeka.
Kufunika Kwambiri Kuyambira
Ana omwe ali ndi matenda a Down syndrome nthawi zambiri amatchulidwa mapulogalamu oyambirira omwe amathandiza atangobereka kumene.
Kupitako koyambirira ndi pulogalamu yamankhwala, machitidwe, ndi ntchito zomwe zakhazikitsidwa mwachindunji kuthandiza ana okhala ndi Down syndrome (ndi zolema zina). Ndipotu, lamulo la federal likufuna kuti boma lirilonse lipereke thandizo loyambirira kwa ana onse omwe ali oyenerera, ndi cholinga chokweza chitukuko cha makanda ndi ana komanso kuthandiza mabanja kumvetsa ndi kukwaniritsa zofunikira za ana awo.
Ntchito yowathandiza kwambiri kwa ana omwe ali ndi matenda a Down syndrome ndiwo mankhwala opatsirana ndi mankhwala.
Thandizo la Thupi. Poyang'ana pa chitukuko cha magalimoto chifukwa ana ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a Down syndrome ali hypotonia (mawu otsika kwambiri, omwe amatchedwa diskppy baby syndrome ), mankhwalawa amawaphunzitsa kusuntha matupi awo m'njira zoyenera kuphatikizapo kuwongolera minofu yawo.
Zolinga ziwirizi ndi 1) kuwathandiza kukwaniritsa zina mwazikuluzikulu pamene akukula ndi 2) kuthandizira kupeŵa mavuto, monga kuipa, kutsika kwa minofu kungayambitse.
Therapy Speech. Izi ndizofunikira kwa ana omwe ali ndi matenda a Down syndrome, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi pakamwa pang'ono ndi malirime owonjezera omwe amawavuta kuti alankhule bwino. Mavuto amenewa akhoza kuwonjezeka kwambiri kwa ana omwe ali ndi minofu yochepa (chifukwa minofu ya nkhope zawo sizigwira ntchito bwino) ndi / kapena mavuto akumva.
Olemba mawu amalangiza ana kulankhula momveka bwino mwa kulankhula kapena, mwa ana ena okhala ndi Down syndrome, kudzera m'chinenero chamanja .
Anthu Achikulire
Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a Down syndrome amatha kusintha kuti asamakhale ndi mabanja awo kuti azikhala pawokha, nthawi zambiri pofuna kuthandizira kumanga nyumba. Kukhala ndi othandizira othandizira - makamaka opaleshoni zapamwamba - omwe amaphunzitsa ndi kulimbikitsa luso lothandizira lothandizira kungathandize kuti munthu amene ali ndi matenda a Down syndrome akwaniritse chofunika kwambiri ichi.
Anthu Okalamba Amene Ali ndi Down Syndrome: Amada nkhawa Kwambiri
Kukalamba kumabweretsa mavuto omwewo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Down syndrome monga wina aliyense, kuphatikizapo chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha mikhalidwe monga kuvutika maganizo ndi matenda a Alzheimer's. Mankhwalawa ndi ofanana, nawonso. Kusiyana kumodzi kwa osamalira ndi madokotala, komabe, zingakhale zovuta kuona kuyambika kwa zikhalidwezi mwa munthu yemwe ali ndi vuto loyankhula momveka bwino za zomwe akumva. Othandiza ndi madokotala ayenera kukhala osamala chifukwa cha zizindikiro zomwe anthu achikulire okhala ndi Down syndrome angakhale akukumana ndi mavuto ena.
Kumene Tingawathandizire Mtima
Kulimbana ndi maganizo ndi chisamaliro cha kusamalira munthu amene ali ndi matenda a Down syndrome kungakhale kovuta nthawi zina. Mwamwayi, palibe chifukwa choti "mupite nokha." Njira zambiri zothandizira anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Down syndrome ndi mabanja awo ndi osamalira ndi awa:
- Magulu ochirikiza matenda, omwe anthu amasonkhana kuti akambirane za zomwe amakumana nazo ndikupatsana chilimbikitso ndi malingaliro
- Uphungu kuchokera kwa akatswiri a zaumoyo, monga ogwira nawo ntchito, kuti athandizidwe ndi zosowa ndi mavuto
Zotsatira:
Ndondomeko ya ndondomeko ya zachipatala ya American Academy. Kusamalira zaumoyo kwa ana omwe ali ndi matenda a Down syndrome. Matenda. 2011; 107: 442-449.
Cassidy, SB, Allanson, JE (Eds.). Kusamalira ma genetic syndromes , 3rd ed. John Wiley ndi Ana (2010).
"Matenda a m'mimba ndi matenda a Down." National Down Syndrome Society (2016).
"Zoona za Down syndrome." Zomwe Zidzakhala Zokhudza Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda (2016).