AAI Zotsatira Kuchokera Kumalo Olakwika
Kusokonezeka kwa Atlantoaxial (AAI) ndi vuto la mafupa omwe amapezeka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Down syndrome. Ngakhale kuti lili ndi dzina lovuta komanso limakhala loopsya kwambiri, limakhala losayambitsa mavuto kwa iwo omwe ali nalo. Pofuna kumvetsetsa AAI, nkofunika kumvetsetsa pang'ono za ntchito ndi kayendedwe ka msana, mitsempha, magetsi ndi maginito.
Mphepete, Mitsempha, Vertebrae ndi Ligaments
Pamwamba pa chingwe cha msana ndi nkhungu yakuda-ngati kapangidwe kamene kamayambira pansi pa ubongo ndikuyenderera kumbuyo kumalo a lumbar. Mtambo wa msana uli ndi mitsempha ya thupi kapena neurons. Mitsempha ndi selo yapadera yomwe imanyamula mauthenga pakati pa ubongo ndi thupi lonse. Mitsempha imakhala ngati chingwe cha magetsi chimene chikudutsa magetsi ndipo chimanyamula zizindikiro pakati pa ziwalo za thupi.
Vertebrae ndi mafupa osalinganizidwa mofanana omwe amapangidwa kukhala mzere kumbuyo kwa thupi lomwe limatuluka kuchokera kumunsi kwa ubongo kupita kumapiri. Mtambo wa msana umadutsa ndipo umatetezedwa ndi phokoso la maginito. Pali 33 vertebrae, yomwe nthawi zambiri imasweka m'madera anayi: chiberekero (7), thoracic (12), lumbar (5) ndi vertebra ya pelvis. Mphepete yamtundu wa chiberekero ali m'dera la khosi ndipo amamasuliridwa monga C1-C7. Ngati ukuweramitsa mutu wako ndikuyendetsa zala kumbuyo kwa mutu wako, chifuwa chachikulu choyamba chimene iwe umamva ndi C1 yako kapena cervical-1 vertebra.
Yotsatira yotsatira ndi C2 ndi zina zotero. C1 imatchedwa vertebra ya Atlas ndi C2 monga axis vertebra. Kusalongosoka kwa mabungwe amenewa kumatchulidwa ngati kutsika kwa atlantoaxial kapena AAI.
Vertebrae amachitidwa m'malo ndi minofu ndi mitsempha. Ntchito za pamtunduwu ndikutetezedwa kwa msana wa m'mimba ndi ziwalo za mkati, kuthandizira kumutu kwa mutu ndikukhala ndi kusintha komanso kuyenda.
Popeza anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Down syndrome amakhala ndi mitsempha yochepa kwambiri komanso mitsempha yambiri, mavitamini awo amatha kusokonekera. Pamene C1 ndi C2 vertebrae sagwiritsidwa ntchito molakwa, muli ndi AAI. Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Down syndrome, mitsempha yomwe imagwira ntchito ku AAI imatchedwa "mitsempha yodutsa."
Kuzindikira kwa AAI
Nthawi zambiri zozizwitsa za AAI zimapangidwa kupyolera mu kuyang'ana x-ray. Ana onse omwe ali ndi matenda a Down syndrome ayenera kufufuzidwa kwa AAI ali ndi zaka zitatu. Kuzindikira kwa chizindikiro cha AAI kaŵirikaŵiri chimapangidwa kupyolera mu mayeso a ubongo (thupi lomwe limafufuza momwe mitsempha ikugwirira ntchito) ndi / kapena x-ray.
Mitundu ya AAI
Pali mitundu iwiri ya kusokonezeka kwa atlantoaxial - asymptomatic AAI ndi chizindikiro cha AAI. Asymptomatic AAI imatanthauza kuti AAI ikhoza kuwonedwa pa x-ray, koma siyimayambitsa mavuto alionse a ubongo mwa munthu amene ali nayo. Chizindikiro AAI chimatanthauza kuti AAI ilipo pa x-ray, ndipo ikuchititsa mavuto ena a ubongo kwa munthu amene ali nayo. Pakati pa 10% mpaka 20% a anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Down syndrome ali ndi asymptomatic AAI pa x-ray, ndipo 1% mpaka 2% mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Down syndrome ali ndi chizindikiro cha AAI.
Zizindikiro za Neurologic mu AAI
Imodzi mwa ntchito za ndondomekoyi ndikuteteza msana wa msana, womwe umalowa mkati mwake.
Mphepete mwa msana ndi mitsempha yomwe imatetezedwa ndi ndondomeko yoyera. Chizindikiro cha AAI chimayambitsa zizindikiro zosiyana siyana zamaganizo monga:
- Kudandaula
- Kupanda Kugwirizana
- Kuvuta kuyenda
- Kuyenda ndi zinthu zopanda pake (ie kupuma)
- Kutopa mosavuta
- Kupweteka kwa mitsempha kapena mphamvu zochepa zosuntha khosi
- Kuthamanga - kumangirira mu minofu
- Clonus - mitsempha ya minofu kapena mpweya
Ngati munthu amene ali ndi matenda a Down syndrome akukula zizindikiro zonse za ubongozi, ayenera nthawi yomweyo kuyesedwa ndi dokotala. Dokotala nthawi zambiri amachita kafukufuku wathunthu wa matenda a m'maganizo ndi kuyendetsa masewero ojambula zithunzi, monga x-ray, CT kapena MRI.
Kuchiza kwa AAI
Asymptomatic AA sikutanthauza chithandizo chilichonse. Kawirikawiri makolo amangolangizidwa kuti ndi zizindikiro ziti zomwe zimayang'anitsitsa munthuyo ndi AAI.
Ngati munthu akuwonetsa zizindikiro za kupanikizika kwa msana, chithandizo chikuwonetsedwa. Zolinga zothandizira zizindikiro za AAI ndiko kuteteza msana wamtsempha, kukhazikika pamutu wa msana kapena vertebrae ndikuchotseratu mitsempha yamtundu uliwonse. Malingana ndi kukula kwake kwa msana, msana umatha kukhazikika mwa kuvala kolala yofewa, kusokonezeka kwa mankhwala ndi mankhwala opweteka komanso kupumula kwa minofu komanso mwina opaleshoni.
Zotsatira:
American Academy of Pediatrics, Komiti ya Zamankhwala Zamasewera. Atlantoaxial kusakhazikika kwa matenda a Down syndrome. Matenda. Vol. 107 Na. 2, February 2001, masamba 442-449 [/]
Alvarez, N. Atlantoaxial Instability kwa Anthu Omwe Ali ndi Down Syndrome, Emedicine , Dec 8th, 2008.