Zimene muyenera kuyembekezera, Kupita, ndi Pambuyo pa Opaleshoni
Nthawi yoperekera nthawi ndi nthawi yomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza magawo atatu osiyana a opaleshoni iliyonse, yomwe imaphatikizapo chithandizo choyambitsanso ntchito, chigawo cha intraoperative, ndi gawo la postoperative.
Opaleshoni iliyonse imadulidwa mu magawowa kuti athe kusiyanitsa ntchito ndi kukhazikitsa yemwe ali ndi udindo woyang'anira ndikupereka gawo lililonse la chisamaliro.
Pokhalabe omvera mwatsatanetsatane ndondomeko ndi mndandanda womveka bwino wa magulu, magulu a chipatala amatha kupereka chisamaliro chosasinthasintha, mosamalitsa kuyambira pomwe opaleshoni imayikidwa nthawi yomwe munthu akuchiritsidwa.
Preoperative Phase
Gawo loyambirira, lotchedwa preoperative phase , limayamba ndi chisankho chochitidwa opaleshoni ndipo limathera pamene wodwala ali ndi njinga ku opaleshoni. Gawoli likhoza kukhala lalifupi kwambiri, monga panthawi yachisokonezo chachikulu, kapena nthawi yaitali yokonzekera nthawi yomwe munthu angafunikire kusala, kuchepetsa thupi, kuyesedwa mayesero, kapena kuyembekezera kulandira chiwalo chothandizira .
Chimodzi mwa zolinga za nthawi yoyenera kutsogolera ndi kuthetsa nkhawa zomwe zingabwere, mwina chifukwa cha vuto linalake kapena kuyembekezera nthawi yaitali. Nkhawa yowonongeka ndi yodziwika bwino ndi odwala ndi imodzi yomwe imatha kumasulidwa ndi kupitilira kumodzi ndi ena kapena mamembala ambiri a gulu lachipatala.
Asanayambe kudya, munthu ameneyo nthawi zambiri amakhala dokotala komanso ochita opaleshoni. Munthu akaloledwa kupita kuchipatala, chisamaliro cha wodwala ndi kuyang'anitsitsa chidzakonzedwanso ndi anamwino mmodzi kapena angapo omwe amathandizira.
Gawo la Intraoperative
Gawo lachiŵiri, lotchedwa phase intraoperative, likuphatikizapo opaleshoni yokha.
Amayamba pamene wodwalayo ali ndi njinga mu opaleshoni yopanga opaleshoni ndipo amatha pamene wodwala ali ndi njinga ku unit of anesthesia care unit unit (PACU).
Panthawiyi, wodwalayo adzapatsidwa chithandizo chamtundu wina wa mankhwala amtundu wa anesthesia , kaya ndi anesthesia wamba ( anesthesia ), anesthesia wamba (kuteteza ululu akamadzuka), kapena anesthesia kumadera (monga ngati msana kapena epidural block).
Pamene opaleshoni ikuyamba, zizindikiro zofunika kwambiri za wodwalayo (kuphatikizapo kuthamanga kwa mtima, kupuma, ndi magazi) zimayang'anitsitsa mosamala. Kuphatikiza pa udindo wa opaleshoni ndi wodwalayo, amembala ena adzagwira ntchito yothandizira dokotalayo, kuonetsetsa kuti chitetezo, ndi kuteteza matenda pa opaleshoni.
Phase ya Postoperative
Gawo lotsiriza, lomwe limatchedwa gawo la postoperative, ndilo nthawi yomweyo operekera opaleshoni. Mofanana ndi nthawi yoyamba, nthawi ikhoza kukhala yochepa, yokhalitsa maola angapo, kapena imafunika miyezi yambiri yokonzanso ndi kubwezeretsa.
Pomwe wodwalayo ali maso ndipo ali wokonzeka kuchoka PACU, namwino wam'mbuyo-anesthesia amatha kusamutsira udindo wa chisamaliro kwa namwino wothandizira. (M'zipatala zing'onozing'ono, munthu yemweyo akhoza kukhala ndi maudindo onse awiri.)
Chisamaliro cha postoperative makamaka chimayang'anitsitsa kuyang'anira ndi kusamalira thanzi la wodwalayo komanso kuthandiza kuchipatala. Izi zingaphatikizepo kuonetsetsa kuti madzi akuyendayenda, kuyang'anira kuyendayenda kapena kusamutsa thupi, kuthandiza ndi kuyenda, kupereka zakudya zoyenera, kuthana ndi ululu, komanso kupewa matenda.