Kuchita opaleshoni ya opaleshoni yaikulu kumakhala ndi kuchiza mitsempha ya thupi, kupatulapo zida za mtima ndi ubongo. Dokotala wochita opaleshoni amatha kupanga njira pa mitsempha ndi mitsempha ya mbali zosiyanasiyana za thupi, kuphatikizapo mikono, miyendo, ziwalo, ndi ziwalo zina.
Kupatula mtima ndi mapapo, omwe amachiritsidwa ndi opaleshoni ya ubongo ndi ubongo, omwe amachiritsidwa ndi opaleshoni a ubongo, opaleshoni opaleshoni amaganiza kuti thupi lonse liyenera kukhala loyenerera ntchito yawo.
Mudzawatumizira kwa dokotala wa opaleshoni wamisala ndi dokotala wanu wamkulu kuti mukhale ndi matenda monga matenda a mthupi. Kapena, mungafunike dokotala wochita opaleshoni pambuyo pa kuvulala koopsa kapena matenda ena oopsa, monga aortic aneurysm.
Kodi Dokotala Wopaleshoni Amakhala Bwanji?
Ochita opaleshoni opaleshoni amagwira ntchito kuti abwezeretse magazi m'madera a thupi pambuyo pozunzika, matenda, kapena vuto lina likuwononga mitsempha ya mitsempha. Izi zikutanthauza kuti amachititsa njira yowonjezera kuti abwezeretse magazi abwino ku phazi, kapena akhoza kuika AV Shunt kwa munthu amene akufunika kuyamba dialysis. Kwa odwala omwe ali ndi mitsempha yotsekemera pamutu mwawo, dokotalayo akhoza kuchita digarterectomy ya carotid kuti apange magazi kupita ku ubongo.
Kuwonjezera pa kusamalidwa kofunikira kwa odwala opaleshoni, opaleshoni yaikulu imapereka chithandizo chokwanira kwa wodwalayo. Sikuti amangoganizira za opaleshoni, koma amagwira ntchito ndi odwala kuti asinthe zinthu zawo ndi mankhwala, masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndi mitundu ina ya mankhwala.
Malingana ndi Sosaiti ya Vascular Surgery, dokotala wochita opaleshoni sikuti amaganizira kwambiri njira yopereka chithandizo chamtundu umodzi koma amagwira ntchito ndi vuto lililonse kuti athe kupeza njira yothetsera vutoli, kaya ndi opaleshoni yovuta, njira zochepa zowonongeka, kapena opaleshoni iliyonse.
Amayesa wodwalayo ndikuyesera ngati angiography, MRI , CT scans , ndi duplex ultrasonography.
Amayang'anira matenda odwala matenda a mitsempha, kuphatikizapo odwala, odwala omwe ali ndi chizoloŵezi chokhazikika, kupatsa mankhwala, kulangiza odwala momwe angachepetsere zoopsa zawo, ndi kuyendetsa mabala.
Zina mwazochiza zomwe angapereke zimaphatikizapo kuchotsa mankhwala, chithandizo cha thrombolytic, chithandizo cha phazi la shuga, kufika kwa dialysis, mzere wa PICC, kukonzanso kwa aortic, carotid endarterectomy, opaleshoni yotseguka ndi yowopsya kwa aortic amphamvu and dissections.
Maphunziro
Dokotala wodwala opaleshoni amatha kumaliza sukulu yachipatala, kenako amatha kukhala opaleshoni yazaka zisanu, ndipo kenako chiyanjano cha mankhwala opatsirana. Mapulogalamuwa ayenera kuvomerezedwa ndi Accreditation Council ya Dipatimenti ya Zamaphunziro a Zamaphunziro a Graduate (ACGME) ku US, kapena ndi Royal College of Physicians ndi Surgeons of Canada (RCPSC). Ayenera kutsimikiziridwa ndi mayeso ochokera ku American Board of Surgery mkati mwa zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri atatsiriza maphunziro awo kuti alandire chivomerezo asanayambe kudziyimira.
Zinthu Zopweteka Zomwe Zinayambitsidwa ndi Opaleshoni
Zinthu zitatu zazikulu zomwe opaleshoni opaleshoni amachiritsira ndi:
- Matumbo aortic aneurysm: Ichi ndi chifuwa chachikulu mu mitsempha m'mimba. Ngati izo zifooka ndi kuphulika, mukanakhala ndi magazi aakulu mkati, kupha imfa.
- Matenda a karotidi: Pamene mitsempha yaikulu m'khosi imakhala ndi chipika, imatha kudwala.
- Matenda owopsa a m'mimba: Izi ndizo zomangira mu mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imadyetsa mbali zonse za thupi lanu. Blockages mu mwendo angayambitse kupweteka, zilonda zamapazi, ndi zilonda zam'mimba, zomwe zimafuna kuchotsedwa. Izi zingachititsenso kudwala mtima kapena kupwetekedwa mtima.
> Zotsatira:
> Odwala Osauka. Society for Surgery Vascular. https://vascular.org/patient-resources.