Tikukhala m'dziko la tech-y, komwe timakhala nthawi yochuluka pogwiritsa ntchito luso lamakono kuti tigulitse katundu, kulumikizana ndi abwenzi ndi kusindikiza mafilimu. Kuphatikiza pa phindu, komabe teknoloji ikhoza kukhala ndi zopinga zake, makamaka kwa ana athu. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti nthawi yowonekera kwambiri yokhudzana ndi kunenepa kwambiri, kuyankhula mochedwa, ndi kupsinjika maganizo.
Time Screen ndi matenda a shuga
Kuonjezera apo, kafukufuku watsopano wapezeka kuti akugwirizana ndi kuwonjezeka kwa nthawi yowonekera, (oposa ora limodzi tsiku ndi tsiku) komanso kuopsa kwa matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2, makamaka kuteteza insulini ndi kuchepa. Ochita kafukufuku anapeza kuti ana omwe amawonetsa nthawi yowonekera kwambiri, maola oposa 3, poyerekeza ndi omwe amawona ola limodzi kapena ocheperapo, anali ndi makulidwe akuluakulu a khungu, mafuta akulu, ndi insulini kukana, kutchula ochepa. Insulin kukana ndi thupi losakhoza kugwiritsa ntchito insulini, hormone yomwe ili ndi maudindo ambiri . Imodzi mwa maudindo otchuka kwambiri a insulini akuthandiza thupi kugwiritsa ntchito shuga kapena shuga ngati mafuta. Kusakanikirana kwa insulin kwawonetsedwa kuti ndi chizindikiro kapena chiopsezo cha kukula kwa mtundu wa shuga wa mtundu wa 2 .
Phunziroli, lofalitsidwa mu Archives of Disease in Childhood, linagwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo chomwe chinatengedwa kuchokera kwa ana 4495 (atsikana 2337 ndi anyamata 2158), zaka 9-10.
Ophunzirawo adatumizidwa kuchokera ku mizinda itatu ya UK (London, Birmingham, ndi Leicester), zomwe zimagwirizanitsa gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a anthu a ku South Asia ndi a Black African-Caribbean ku UK. Ocheperapo gawo limodzi mwa atatu mwa ophunzirawo anali oyera-a Caucasus. Ana amadziwika kuti nthawi yowonetsera nthawi yamagetsi amagwiritsa ntchito pofufuza. Pa nthawi ya phunziroli, pakati pa 2004 ndi 2007, ana anafunsidwa za 'nthawi yotsegula' yomwe imatchulidwa ngati nthawi yomwe amawonera TV komanso masewero a pakompyuta kapena makompyuta.
Phunziroli silinaganizire bwino foni ndi pulogalamu yamakono, yomwe tsopano ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi ana ndipo ikhoza kuchitapo kanthu kuti munthu azikhala yekha. Ophunzirawo anayesedwa-kutalika, kulemera, kulemera kwa khungu, ndi zina zotero, ndipo anali ndi mababu omwe amayesedwa kuti ayese shuga, cholesterol, insulini, hemoglobin A1c (shuga ya mwezi umodzi wa shuga) , ndi zina zomwe zimachititsa ngozi. Ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri ankagwirizana ndi insulin, akatswiri sanapeze mgwirizano pakati pa shuga (magazi) ndi magazi a hemoglobin A1c, omwe amadziwika kuti ndi ena omwe ali ndi vuto la shuga la mtundu wa 2.
Kodi Tingachotse Chiyani Phunziroli?
Ngakhale kuti phunziroli likupeza kuti pali kusiyana pakati pa nthawi yowonekera komanso zovuta za mtundu wa shuga kwa ana, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti sizinapangitse kuti kuwonjezeka kwa nthawi yowonekera kumayambitsa matenda a insulin komanso kufooka. Kafukufuku wowonjezereka ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kafukufuku iyenera kuchitidwa kuti aone ngati ndi choncho.
Kumbali ina, ndipabebe kuzindikira mgwirizano umenewu, momwe ungathandizire kuthandizira zochita. Mwina kudziwa kumeneku kungalimbikitse kuzindikira makolo ndi ana awo, kuwalimbikitsa kuti azichita zinthu zolimbitsa thupi ndikuchepetsa khalidwe lawo, monga kuwonera kanema ndi kanema.
Chidziwitso ichi chingathandize kuonjezera kuteteza mtundu wa shuga kwa ana.
Kafukufuku wamtsogolo adzapindula poyesa machitidwe a zakudya mogwirizana ndi nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito pulogalamu yamakono monga izi zingathandizire kuonjezera chiopsezo cha mtundu wa shuga wa mtundu wa 2.
Kodi Ndondomeko Yowunika Nthawi Ndi iti?
American Academy of Pediatrics imalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yofalitsa nkhani yomwe imakhala yosagwirizana. Kugwirizana ndikofunika monga kungathandizire kukhazikitsa ndondomeko ndikupanga malamulo omwe ali ovuta kutsatira. Amanena kuti ana a zaka zoposa 2 ayenera kuchepetsa nthawi yowonekera osapitirira ola limodzi pa tsiku, ndipo ngati n'kotheka amalimbikitsa makolo kuti aziwonana kapena kusewera ndi ana.
Izi zimathandiza kupanga maphunziro ndikulimbikitsana kuchita ntchito.
Kuwonjezera pamenepo, AAP imalepheretsa kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yowonekera pa ana osapitirira zaka ziwiri, komabe amawauza kuti makolo omwe akufuna kufalitsa uthenga kwa ana omwe ali pakati pa miyezi 18-24, kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu apamwamba komanso ntchito ndi iwo osati osati. Kuti mupeze mapulogalamu omwe ali oyenerera, amalimbikitsa kufufuza kudzera pa Common Sense Media.
Kuphatikiza apo, amalimbikitsa kuti azikhala ndi malo osungira masewera-malo m'nyumba yomwe mtundu uliwonse wa chipangizo chopangidwira sichiloledwa. Mwachitsanzo, zipinda zingakhale malo ochepa-malo omwe mwana wanu sangathe kuonera TV, kusewera masewera a pakompyuta, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito foni.
Koperani nthawi yosawerengeka nthawi yomwe kugwiritsa ntchito zojambula sikuloledwa, monga nthawi yamadzulo ndi pamaso pa bedi-kulimbikitsidwa. Nthawi yofikira nthawi yofalitsa ndi njira yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito, makamaka kwa ana okalamba. Mwachitsanzo, kamodzi koloko ikafika 9 koloko masana, zipangizo zimatsekedwa, kupatsidwa kwa makolo, ndi kuzichotsa mpaka tsiku lotsatira.
Kupanga nthawi yochepa yogwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zamakono kumapereka nthawi yambiri yogwira ntchito komanso masewera owonetsera. Ngati mukufuna kutenganso mabanja anu kugwiritsa ntchito zofalitsa, mungapeze malangizo othandizira momwe mungakhazikitsire ndondomeko yowunikira abambo pano: Family Media Plan.
Kodi Tingatani Kuti Tipewe Mtundu wa Mtundu wa Shuga wa Ana 2?
Malingana ndi Centers for Disease Control, pakati pa zaka za 2008-2009, panali anthu 5,089 omwe anapezeka ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2 omwe anali ndi zaka 20 kapena zing'onozing'ono. Zikuwoneka kuti gulu lomwe liri pangozi kwambiri ndi ana a zaka zapakati pa khumi ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zitatu (19), ndipo ali ndi chiwerengero chapamwamba ku magulu ang'onoang'ono a US, mosiyana ndi azungu omwe sali a ku Spain.
Chiwerengero cha chiwopsezo chiwerengero cha shuga la ana chimawoneka kukhala kunenepa kwambiri. Kuchuluka kwa thupi kungachepetse insulini kuti isagwire ntchito yake, yomwe imatenga shuga kuchokera m'magazi kupita ku maselo kuti agwiritse ntchito mphamvu. Zotsatira zake, shuga kapena shuga amasonkhana m'magazi. Pamene shuga ya magazi imapitirira malire oyenera, matenda a shuga amapangidwa . Musawope, ichi si chinachake chomwe chimangochitika usiku womwewo. Izi zingatenge zaka kuti zikule.
Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka cha mtundu wa shuga 2-ali ndi mbiri ya banja, ndi African American, mbadwa ya Alaska, American Indian, Asia American, Hispanic / Latino, kapena Pacific Islander American, ochepa, ndi kupanga zopanda moyo kusintha kuthandizira kupewa kapena kuchepetsa matenda a shuga mu ubwana komanso m'tsogolo.
Pangani Zosintha Zambiri Zamagulu
Malinga ndi kumene mwana wanu ali pa tchati cha kukula, iwo angapindule ndi kutaya pang'ono kapena kulemera kwake kuti athe kukula. Ngati simukudziwa kuti mwana wanu ndi wolemera bwanji, funsani dokotala wanu kuti akule ndondomeko ya ntchito. Iye angakulimbikitseni kuti mukumane ndi zakudya zowonjezera kuti muwathandize kukhazikitsa ndondomeko yoyenera, yowonjezera kudya.
Kudya zakudya zolimbitsa thupi komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi sikofunika, ndipo kungakhale koopsa kwa thanzi la mwana wanu. M'malo mwake, pangani ndondomeko yoyenera kudya yomwe ili ndi zipatso zochuluka, masamba, mbewu zonse ndi mapuloteni owonda (nkhuku, nsomba, nkhuku zowonda, mafuta ochepa, mkaka wochepa kapena mkaka ). Ndondomekoyi iyenera kuchepetsa zakudya zowonongeka monga chips ndi cookies, mbewu zosalala monga pasta woyera ndi mikate yoyera, zakudya zokazinga-monga nkhuku ndi mapuloteni a French-komanso mapuloteni otentha kwambiri monga agalu otentha, nthiti, ndi nyama yankhumba.
Imodzi mwa njira zosavuta komanso zothandiza kwambiri zothandizira ana kukhala ndi thanzi labwino ndi kulimbikitsa kumwa zakumwa zosautsa zokha basi-yesetsani kuchotsa m'nyumba zakumwa zakumwa zakumwa monga soda, juisi, zakumwa zakumwa, ndi zakumwa zabwino za khofi. Zakumwa izi zimaphatikizapo zopatsa mphamvu ndi shuga ndipo zimayambitsa kulemera komanso kuwonjezeka kwa shuga.
Njira yabwino yopangira mwana wathanzi kudya ndondomeko ndi kuphunzitsa ana anu za Go, Slow, ndi Whoa zakudya. Izi ndi zakudya zomwe ziyenera kudyedwa nthawi zonse, mocheperapo, komanso monga mankhwala. Pano pali tebulo lalikulu kuti muwonetsere lingaliro ili: Pitani, Pang'onopang'ono, ndi Whoa.
Mawebusaiti ena abwino odyetserako ana ndi mabanja ndi awa: Ana Amadya Chakudya, Super Kids Nutrition, ndi ChopChop: Magazini ya Fun Cooking.
Kuwonjezera Ntchito Yathupi
Kuwonjezera pa ndondomeko yodyera bwino, ana ayenera kukhala otanganidwa ndi kugona mokwanira (awa ndi mapemphero ogona a ana ndi ana). Malingana ndi Centers for Disease Control, ana ayenera kukhala osachepera 60 tsiku lililonse. Ntchitoyi iyenera kuphatikizapo kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuphunzitsa minofu, ndi kuphunzitsa mafupa. Mukufunafuna njira zothetsera izi? Tiyeni Tiyambe, pulojekiti yomwe idatsogoleredwa ndi a former Presidential Lady Michelle Obama.
Ngati mwana wanu sakukhudzidwa kwambiri ndikukupatsani nthawi yovuta yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, yesetsani kuti muziwasangalatsa. Pemphani anzanu kuti azisewera chingwe, basketball, masewera akale a sukulu ya masukulu, mukakumane padziwe kapena paki, kapena masiku omwe simungathe kupita kunja, yesetsani masewera a pakompyuta monga Wii Fit Plus . akuwonetseredwa kuti athandize kuchepetsa shuga la magazi.
Mawu Ochokera
Ngakhale kuti mtundu wa shuga 2 mu ubwana uli wochuluka kuposa kale, uthenga wabwino ndi wakuti pali kusintha kwa moyo komwe kungachepetse chiopsezo chanu. Kuchepetsa nthawi yowonekera kungakhale njira imodzi. Onetsetsani kuti muike malire a nthawi yolimbana ndi mafilimu omwe akugwirizana ndikuganizira kupanga mapulogalamu amtundu wa banja. Kupanga moyo wosavuta kusintha, kusuta zakumwa za shuga, ndi kudya zakudya zam'mimba ndi zipatso kumathandiza kwambiri. Pomalizira, kulimbikitsa kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndikofunikira. Kuwonjezera pa kusewera kwaulere, konzani zochitika zolimbitsa thupi ndi ana anu ndi mabanja anu. Pitani mukamayenda musanadye chakudya, mutenge masewera a galimoto, mukwera njinga, mupite kukakwera, mumasewera okondana, kapena mutenge nyimbo ndipo mukhale ndi phwando pamasewera anu-kumbukirani kuti ntchito zonse zikufunika. Osati kokha kupindula ndi thanzi lanu, inu mudzakhala ogwirizana wina ndi mzake.
> Zotsatira:
> American Academy of Pediatrics. Zowonongeka pamanja zogwirizana ndi kuchedwa kwa kulankhula kwa ana aang'ono. https://www.healthychildren.org/English/news/Pages/Handheld-Screen-Time-Linked-with-Speech-Delays-in-Young-Children.aspx
> American Academy of Pediatrics. Nthawi yowonekera kwambiri ndi ntchito zochepetsetsa zingatanthauze zambiri. https://www.aap.org/en-us/about-the-aap/aap-press-room/Pages/More-Screen-Time-and-Less-Activity-Can-mean-More-Distress.aspx
> American Academy of Pediatrics. Kumene ife timayima: nthawi yowonekera. Chiwongoladzanja /
> Zomwe Zidzasokoneze Matenda. Lipoti la National Diabetes Statistics, 2014. https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pubs/statsreport14/national-diabetes-report-web.pdf
> Nightingale CM, Rudnicka AR, Donin AS , et al. Nthawi yowonekera imakhala yogwirizana ndi chidziwitso ndi kuteteza insulini kwa ana. Archives of Disease in Childhood Published Online First: 13 March 2017. do: 10.1136 / archdischild-2016-312016